scholarly journals Seroprevalence of varicella antibodies in adults without clinical history of disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Silva Büchele ◽  
Danusa Ferreira Correa ◽  
Mari Tuyama ◽  
Alberto dos Santos de Lemos ◽  
Marcellus Dias da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Medicine ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
High Positive Predictive Value ◽  
History Of

Abstract: Varicella in adults and immunocompromised patients can be severe. The clinical diagnosis of varicella has high accuracy and the history of disease has a high positive predictive value for protection. A significant portion of adults, however, cannot remember if they have had varicella, especially older individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of varicella protective antibodies titers in adults with no clinical history of disease, attended at a Reference Center for Special Immunobiologicals and Travel Medicine in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Titration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to varicella-zoster was determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Among 140 adults without history of varicella, 92% had protective antibody titers. We concluded that seroprevalence of varicella-zoster protection was very high in adults with negative history of disease and the use of serology before vaccination reduced significantly unnecessary vaccine and immunoglobulin use.

scholarly journals POLA KONSUMSI PANGAN, AKTIVITAS FISIK, RIWAYAT PENYAKIT, RIWAYAT DEMENSIA KELUARGA, DAN KEJADIAN DEMENSIA PADA LANSIA DI PANTI WERDHA TRESNA BOGOR

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Chairunnisa Utami Pratiwi ◽  
Sri Anna Marliyati ◽  
Melly Latifah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education Adequacy ◽  
Disease Family ◽  
Incidence Of Dementia

<p>The objective of this study were to analyze the patterns of food consumption, physical activity, history of disease, family history of dementia, and incidence of dementia in elderly in Werdha Tresna, nursing home, Bogor. Research design was cross sectional study with 42 elderly as subjects. The results showed that there were significant correlation between the level of education, adequacy of level vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin C, history of diabetes and physical activity with incidence of dementia in elderly (p&lt;0.05). There were no significant correlation between age, adequacy of level folic acid, history of hypertension, and family history of dementia with incidence of dementia in elderly (p&gt;0.05).<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals Immunological Protection of Individuals Aged 3 to 25 Years Against Pertussis: Regional Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Diana V. Sutovskaya ◽  
Alla V. Burlutskaya ◽  
Larisa V. Dubova ◽  
Daria R. Krylova
Keyword(s):  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Immunological Protection ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Recently, there has been an increase in the incidence of pertussis in unvaccinated, as well as vaccinated children and adults. The major risk group for pertussis are infants and children over 4 years of age due to gradual decrease in basic immunity.Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze postvaccinal immunity against pertussis in individuals aged 3 to 25 years in Krasnodar.Methods. The study was carried out in the period between July 2018 and October 2019 and included patients aged 3 to 25 years with completed (according to National Immunization Schedule) immunization against pertussis with no history of pertussis in the past. Postvaccinal immunity against pertussis in this sample was determined by the ratio of study participants with minimum protective antibodies titer to Bordetella pertussis ( 1:160).Results. The minimum protective antibody titer was revealed in 24 out of 76 participants. Distribution to age groups was the following: children aged 3 to 7 years — 2/28 (7%), 8 to 17 years — 13/22 (59%; p < 0.001, compared with the younger age group),  18 years — 9/26 (35%; p = 0.017). There was no postvaccinal immunity (no antibodies detected) in 6 (21%), 1 (5%) and 4 (15%) participants, respectively.Conclusion. Insufficient postvaccinal (humoral) immunity against pertussis was revealed in majority of children under 7 years. The ratio of such children decreases with age. It suggests the presence of hidden circulation of Bordetella pertussis and, as a result, previous medical condition in erased or abortive form.

scholarly journals Evaluation of elderly patients with hearing impairment.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2154-2158
Author(s):  
Syed Ali Naqi ◽  
Syed Maisam Ali ◽  
Arslan Akhtar ◽  
Tabassum Aziz ◽  
Tahira Sajid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Past History ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detailed Clinical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Setting

Hearing is decreased in later age is due to aging and is normally seen in most of the elderly people all over the world. Objectives: To ascertain the degree of hearing in elders in relation to age, pattern and extent of hearing weakness in old age so that interventional strategies can be planned to improve their wellbeing. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: ENT Outdoor Clinic of Akbar Niazi Teaching Hospital of Islamabad Medical and Dental College, Bhara Kahu, Islamabad. Period: December 2017 to October 2018. Material & Methods: 200 patients were part of the study with age > 50 years and no past history of drug therapy. Data was gathered by detailed clinical history, clinical examination and audiometric findings. Result: 57% patients were found with normal hearing and 43% had variable degree of hearing deterioration. Highest number of hearing weakness was found in 9th decade. Most of hearing deterioration was found in both the ears and that of sensorineural in type. Conclusion: Sensorineural type of hearing impairment is very frequently occurring problem seen in the latter part of life in our community. The frequency and severity of decreased hearing is directly proportional to age.

scholarly journals Measles antibody seropositivity among children with allergic diseases: A cross-sectional study in the Japan Environment & Children’s Pilot Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257721
Author(s):  
Mayako Saito-Abe ◽  
Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada ◽  
Kensuke Shoji ◽  
Miori Sato ◽  
Makoto Irahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background The relationship between allergic individuals and their responsiveness to routine vaccines has rarely been investigated. This study examined whether the seroprevalence of measles antibody differed between children with and without allergic diseases in the general pediatric population. Methods The cross-sectional study was performed within a prospective general birth cohort (a pilot study of the Japan Environment & Children’s Pilot Study [JECS]) of children aged 8 years. The clinical history of allergic diseases, measles, and the concentration of measles immunoglobulin G titers in serum enzyme immunoassay were examined. Fisher’s exact tests were used to assess the relationships between the allergic characteristics of the children and their measles antibody positivity rates. Results This study included 162 children. Any allergic disease was reported in 75 (46.3%). The measles antibody positivity rate was 94.7% among children with any allergic diseases and 92.0% among children without allergic diseases. Our results revealed no differences in measles antibody seropositivity between children with allergies and controls. Conclusions Children with allergies mount and maintain a comparable immune response to the measles vaccine.

scholarly journals Factors associated with depression anxiety and stress in the context of covid-19 pandemic in police officers of metropolitan lima, Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-796
Author(s):  
Katherine D. Apaza Llantoy ◽  
Lucy Cedillo Ramirez ◽  
Lucy E. Correa-López
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
History Of

Objective: To determine the factors associated with the development of depression, anxiety and stress in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in police officers in Lima, Peru. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted in 210 police officers who were administered the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in October 2020, as well as a form, via Google Forms, to obtain sociodemographic and clinical data. A bivariate and a multivariate analysis were performed using crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, with a confidence interval >95% and a significance level of p≤0.05. Results: Depression, anxiety and stress prevalence rates were 11.43%, 10% and 7.62%, respectively. In the bivariate analysis, anxiety was associated with the number of children (cPR:3.18; 95% CI [1.10-9.17]; p:0.032) and history of disease (cPR:2.50; 95%CI[1.08-5.75]; p:0.031). For depression and stress, no significantly associated factors were found. In the multivariate analysis, an association between depression and age (aPR:2.50; 95%CI[1.02-6.10]; p:0.044) was found, as well as an association between stress and emotional situation (aPR:3.10; 95%CI[1.08-8.95]; p:0.034), COVID-19 diagnosis (aPR:3.18; 95%CI[1.02-9.92]; p:0.045) and history of disease (aPR:4.19; 95%CI[1.22-14.36]; p:0.022). Conclusions: A low prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was observed in the study population. In addition, according to the multivariate analysis, the risk factors for stress were being single, having been diagnosed with COVID-19 and having a history of disease, while being 40 years old or younger was a risk factor for depression.

scholarly journals Cross sectional study on arterial hypertension in a general practice setting

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Ernesto Mola ◽  
Cristina Melgiovanni
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Practice Setting ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come

An observational study on arterial hypertension (AH) in the setting of general practice takes advantages of reaching easily the involved population and of getting information from data recorded in the physicians’ databases. Their results could be different from data obtained in specialist settings. The aim of the study is to obtain some prevalence indexes regarding AH and verify if they are consistent with literature. Researchers administered a questionnaire and measured the blood pressure to 478 individuals, randomly selected from the patients’ lists of 17 general practitioners (GPs). Patients with high value of AH but not acknowledged as hypertensive patients (HP) were invited to come back for two new measurements. Some obtained indexes are not consistent with literature, particularly: i) 97.34% of the acknowledged hypertensive patients receive a drug treatment; ii) the percentage of HPs not identified by GP is very low (5.05%); iii) the prevalence of acknowledged HPs at target is higher compared to literature (64.89%). The study shows that the knowledge of clinical history of patients recorded by GPs enhances the rigor of the scientific methodology.

scholarly journals A study of epidemiological and clinical profile of ovarian neoplasms at a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1953
Author(s):  
Priyadarshika M.
Keyword(s):  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Ovarian Neoplasms ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Symptoms ◽  
History Of Disease ◽  
History Of

Background: The cancer of the ovaries tends to remain asymptomatic. Hence better understanding of the natural history of disease is essential for prevention. The objective of the present study was to observe the epidemiological and clinical profile of women with ovarian neoplasms at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out among women of age up to 35 years presenting to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of our hospital during the study period of two years. It was possible to study a total of 56 women in the present study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria laid down for the present study.Results: T It was found that maximum cases were in the age group of 26-30 years (42.9%). Majority of the women were nulliparous (46.5%). The most commonly reported symptom of ovarian tumor was abdominal pain in 62.5% of the cases. 50% of women having menstrual symptoms complained of amenorrhea. There were 11 cases associated with pregnancy. Among them, four (36.4%) were of dermoid cyst. There were 9 cases of torsion. Among them maximum (55.6%) were of dermoid cyst. Maximum tumors (92.9%) were unilateral. Maximum tumors (73.2%) were of size less than 10 cm. maximum tumors (53.6%) were cystic with solid component. Ascites was seen in 14.2% of the cases.Conclusions: As the age increased the incidence of the ovarian neoplasms also increased. Bilaterality, small size and cystic nature were the most common features of the ovarian neoplasms. Though majority was simple, complications like torsion, association with pregnancy can be seen and hence thorough investigations are needed.

scholarly journals A clinicoepidemiological study of herpes zoster in a tertiary care institute

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Ramesh A. ◽  
Yuva Priya B.
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Dermatological Examination

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Herpes zoster which is also known as shingles, caused by reactivation of latent Varicella-zoster virus from the dorsal root ganglion. Although it is usually self-limiting in healthy adults, immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk of developing severe or visceral or disseminated cutaneous involvement. The study aimed to analyse the clinical patterns and epidemiological factors of herpes zoster.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a cross-sectional study and conducted for 1 year. A total number of 100 patients with herpes zoster attending our dermatology outpatient department (OPD) were included in this study. A detailed epidemiological, clinical history and a complete dermatological examination were performed. Tzanck smear was done whenever necessary.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 100 patients with herpes zoster, 64% were males and 36% were females. The age group varied from 20-80 years. The most commonly affected age group was 41-50 years. Thoracic dermatome was most commonly affected by 48%, followed by lumbar dermatome. In the total study population, left side dermatomal affection (55%) was more than the right side. Most of the patients presented with pricking type of pain.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Herpes zoster can affect any age group with a higher incidence in elderly patients and immunocompromised individuals. Early recognition and treatment with antivirals within 72 hours of rash onset has shown a reduction in severity, complications, and postherpetic neuralgia.</p>

Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students in Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed Madadin ◽  
Ritesh G. Menezes ◽  
Maha A. Alassaf ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Almulhim ◽  
Mahdi S. Abumadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depression Subscale ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Medical students are at high risk of suicidal ideation. Aim: We aimed to obtain information on suicidal ideation among medical students in Dammam located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine affiliated with Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was assessed based on responses to four questions in the depression subscale of the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). In addition, data were collected to examine the association of suicidal ideation with various factors. Results: We found that 1 in 3 medical students in the study had suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, while around 40% had lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was associated with feelings of parental neglect, history of physical abuse, and dissatisfaction with academic performance. Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of this study limits its ability to determine causality regarding suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These rates are considerably high when compared with rates from studies in other countries around the world. This study provides a reference in the field of suicidology for this region of Saudi Arabia.

DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashish Narula ◽  
Narendra Kumar Dara ◽  
Shyam Lal Meena
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group. Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group. Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL

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