scholarly journals Intervention to Improve Timing of Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Major Elective Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Jay N Shah ◽  
SB Maharjan ◽  
K Manandhar ◽  
A Shrestha ◽  
R Piya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Taking Charge

Aims: Timely administration of antibiotic before incision ensures effective concentration in blood and tissues. Compliance with established guidelines is problematic due to logistics. Aim of this study was to improve timing of antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) with appropriate intervention in existing practices. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted from May-June 2011 with target of enrolling at least 100 elective major cases (excluding obstetrics) who received AP before surgery. Anesthetists took responsibility of AP administration (Cefazoline 1 g as per our protocol unless indicated otherwise) instead of floor nurse as our earlier practice. Institutional ethical committee approved the study. Data collected in a pre-designed proforma was analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results: Out of 120 patients, 64% were female. Average age was 43 years (4 to 87). General surgery cases were 51%, urosurgery 20%, gynecology and orthopaedic each 13% and others 6%. One hundred nineteen (99%) received AP before incision, 58(48%) within 60 to 30 minutes before incision and 1 (1%) after the incision. Conclusions: Anesthetist taking charge of the team for AP administration is a feasible option to improve compliance. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 7 / No. 1 / Issue 13 / Jan- June, 2012 / 15-18 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v7i1.8827

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practices of Post Cesarean Section Mothers Towards Self-Care After Delivery at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Solomon Atuhaire
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Postpartum Woman ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regional Referral Hospital

ABSTRACT Background: It is recommended to all mothers to undergo post-cesarean section self-care after delivery up to six weeks. However, many mothers return to Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital as a result of getting some complications related to cesarean section. The reasons why these mothers develop these complications are not clear and possible other practices performed by delivered mothers to solve their post-delivery challenges are not yet documented. Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive cross-sectional study design and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from the participants. Data were collected from 150 mothers admitted to the Maternity ward of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital who formed the inclusion criteria and accepted to participate in the study. Data was captured using Microsoft excel and analyzed using Statistical Package for social sciences (SPSS). Results: The response rate in this study was 100%. The knowledge of post-cesarean section self-care among postpartum women at MRRH in Mbarara was poor as the majority of the participants 90(60%) reported to have never heard about Post Cesarean self-care while only 60 (40%) reported having ever heard about Post Cesarean self-care and no postpartum woman was fully aware of all the aspects of PCS and only 26% could talk of more than 2 aspects of the PCS. The findings of the study also revealed that 22% (33) of the postpartum women don't perform PCS at all. This shows a low practice of PCS among postpartum women. Conclusion and recommendations: Generally, in this study, the knowledge of post-cesarean section self-care among postpartum women at MRRH in Mbarara was poor, suggesting that these postpartum women are unaware of the value of this personal health promotion tool.

The Practice of Obtaining Informed Consent for Elective Surgery and Anesthesia from Patients’ Perspective: An Institutional based Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadese Tamire Negash ◽  
Aragaw Tesfaw
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Patients Perspective ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background : Informed consent is a body of shared decision making process and voluntary authorization of patients to receive medical or surgical intervention. There are limited studies conducted so far to examine the practice of informed consent in Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess the practice of informed consent for surgery and Anesthesia from patients’ perspective.Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2019. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and entered and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 23.Results: A total of 139 patients were interviewed in this study. Most 42(30.2%) of patients were in the age group of 29-38 years. The majority 74(53.2%) of the population were females and most 85 (61.2%) were from a rural residence. Nearly half 68 (48.9%) of the patients were informed of the benefits of the surgical procedure and 78(56.1%) of the patients were informed on the type of anesthesia to be administered while 65 (46.8% ) were not informed on any complications related to the anesthesia. About 66 (47.5%) of the patients interviewed were informed on alternatives to the surgery done. Of these patients, 39(59%) were not informed of any benefits and possible risks associated with the alternative modes of treatment. More than half 75 (54%) of the patients reported as they were understood the information provided during the pre-operative counseling and about 114 (82%) of the patients interviewed satisfied with the current process of obtaining informed consent.Conclusions and recommendation: The current practice of obtaining informed consent addressed only certain aspects of the informed consent component which reflects that patients were inadequately informed on complications related to surgery and anesthesia, alternative forms of treatment and their risks and benefits.

scholarly journals Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Elective Minor Surgical Procedures among Adults in Southern Italy

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Della Polla ◽  
Aida Bianco ◽  
Silvia Mazzea ◽  
Francesco Napolitano ◽  
Italo Francesco Angelillo
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Breast Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minor Surgical Procedures ◽  
Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Prosthetic Implant

Little is known regarding the factors associated with surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) compliance in elective minor surgery. The purposes of this cross-sectional study were to identify the frequency of inappropriate SAP administration and to understand the characteristics associated with such inappropriateness in a sample of elective minor surgical procedures. The study was performed between May and July 2019 among a random sample of patients aged 18 years and older in seven public hospitals randomly selected in the Campania and Calabria Regions of Italy. Globally, only 45% of SAP approaches were deemed completely in accordance with the evidence-based guidelines. Patients with an ordinary admission, those who underwent local anesthesia, those receiving plastic and reconstructive and ophthalmology surgery, and those who had not received a prosthetic implant were more likely to receive an appropriate SAP approach; those receiving obstetrics, gynecological, and urological surgical procedures were less likely than those who underwent abdominal, vascular, and breast surgery. The course of antibiotic prophylaxis was not consistent with the guidelines in 48.5% procedures with one or more reasons for inappropriateness. Appropriate time of the SAP administration was more frequently observed in patients who were older, those with a Charlson comorbidity index of 0, those who did not receive a prosthetic implant, and those receiving plastic and reconstructive surgery; it was less likely in patients receiving obstetrics, gynecological, and urological surgeries compared with those who underwent abdominal, vascular, and breast surgery. Aspects of SAP that need to be improved are molecule choice, time of administration, and specific surgical procedures. Hospital managers should involve surgeons and anesthesiologists in initiatives tailored to optimize SAP prescribing.

scholarly journals Magnitude and causes of cancelation for elective surgical procedures in Debre Tabor General hospital: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110033
Author(s):  
Basazinew Chekol Demilew ◽  
Hiwot Yisak ◽  
Agazhe Aemiro Terefe
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Debre Tabor ◽  
Prospective Study Design

Objectives: Elective surgical case cancelation is a common problem and can cause prolonged wait times, harm to patients, and is a waste of scarce resources. Reasons for cancelations are complex and change place to place because they are related to patients, organizational issues, and clinical staff. So, this study is aimed to assess the magnitude and causes of the case cancelation among elective surgical cases in a general hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study design was conducted on 221 patients scheduled for elective surgery from March 1 to May 30 2019 G.C. All consecutive elective surgical cases scheduled during the study period were included in the study. Data were collected using prepared and pretested questionnaire and entered in the SPSS version 20 for analysis purpose. Results: During the study, 221 patients were scheduled for elective surgical operations, among these 150 (67.9%) patients were operated on the planned date of surgery whereas 71 (32.1%) operations were canceled. The decision for the cancelation was done by the anesthetist due to preoperative coexisting disease findings and inadequate preparation of the patient for the intended operations were 33 (46.5%) followed by administrative-related issues which account 26 (36.6%). Conclusion: Cancelation of elective surgical procedures on the day of surgery was high in this study due to different reasons. Cancelation can be minimized if all the responsible bodies can communicate early regard to the patient.

scholarly journals Quality of Clinical Notes: Lesson Learned from Elective Surgery Patients Admitted at University Teaching Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Jay Narayan Shah ◽  
Shantbir Maharjan ◽  
Shailendra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: Informative relevant documentation regarding course of treatment minimizes errors, provides data for evidence based practice and legality. However, the clinical notes are often inadequate. This study aims to analyse quality of structured clinical notes in surgical patients. Methods: This cross sectional study from Oct 1, 2015 in department of surgery included 100 clinical notes randomly selected by lottery. The entries in notes were predefined. There were 29 general entries (nine for identification, eleven for admission details, eight for treatment progress, and one for handwriting). Three additional entries were for discharge patients. The decision for entries was based on consensus meeting in surgery department. Microsoft excel was used for data entry and descriptive analysis. Results: There were 100 clinical notes analysed, 62 non-discharge and 38 discharge patients. Four (out of 62) non-discharge had all 29 entries documented. Two (out of 38) in discharge had all 32 entries documented. The “date of entries, clinician name and designation” were mentioned in 12%, 13% and 10%, respectively. The progress on diet was recorded in 53%, investigations in 72% and intervention details in 73%. Handwriting was difficult to read in 21%. In 13 (out of 100) the identification information was incomplete. Discharge lacked details of home advice in 11%.Conclusions: The quality of clinical note of elective surgery patients needs improvement on documentation in all domains of identification, admission, progress and discharge.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on self-medication practices among a selected rural community of Hooghly district, West Bengal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1052
Author(s):  
Chandrashekhar S. Taklikar ◽  
Madhumita Dobe
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
The Family

Background: Medicines are often used incorrectly; around 50% of all medicines are prescribed, dispensed or sold inappropriately, while 50% of patients fail to take their medicines appropriately (WHO 2002). Self-medication is an important concern worldwide and WHO has laid emphasis on correctly investigating and controlling it. Self-medication practices have dramatically increased in the last few decades, especially in developing countries like India. Therefore, the present study was planned to assess the prevalence of self-medication for during acute illness episodes and factors associated among a rural community.Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted from February to March, 2017 in Anandnagar village, Singur block. All the 900 households in village were included in the study. Data regarding pattern of self-medication were collected by using pretested structured schedule from head of the family or next available adult member. Data were analysed by using Microsoft Excel 2016.Results: Amongst 900 household’s data could be collected from 864 households. Majority respondents were housewives in age group 40-60 years and primary educated. 50.7% respondents reported having acute illness among family members in past 3 months, 48.5% amongst them reported using self-medication. Cough (56.6%), fever (20.3%) and pain (11.2%) were the conditions for which self-medication was used. Nearby medicine shop was the source of self-medication among 59.3% respondents. 2.3% reported using old prescriptions.Conclusions:Half of the communities having acute illness were using self-medication. Uncontrolled use of medicines needs to be addressed as it brings potential health hazards, drug resistance and misuse.  

Studying and More: Part-Time Employment as an Educational Challenge?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Silke Heuse ◽  
Cathrin Dietze ◽  
Daniel Fodor ◽  
Edgar Voltmer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Educational Challenge ◽  
Part Time

Background: Future health-care professionals face stress both during education and in later professional life. Next to educational trainings, many students are forced to assume part-time employment. Objective: Applying the Job Demands-Resources Model to the educational context, we investigate which role part-time employment plays next to health-care professional students’ education-specific demands and resources in the prediction of perceived stress. Method: In this cross-sectional study, data from N = 161 health-care students were analysed, testing moderation models. Results: Education-specific demands were associated with higher and education-specific resources with lower amounts of perceived stress. Part-time employment functioned as moderator, i.e. demands were less associated with stress experiences in students who were employed part-time. Conclusion: Identifying part-time employment as a resource rather than a demand illustrates the need to understand students’ individual influences on stress. Both educators and students will benefit from reflecting these resources to support students’ stress management.

Nigerian physiotherapists’ perception of direct access and patients’ self-referral

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidozie Emmanuel Mbada ◽  
Kayode D. Ojetola ◽  
Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin ◽  
Udoka A. C. Okafor ◽  
Olubusola E. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Physiotherapy Practice ◽  
South West ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Background: The global advocacy for Direct Access (DA) and Patients’ Self-Referral (PSR) to physiotherapy is consistent with the quest for promoting professional autonomy and recognition. It was hypothesized in this study that the attainment of this clarion call in Nigeria may be hamstrung by challenges similar or different from those reported in other climes. Objective: This study assessed the perception of DA and PSR among Physiotherapists (PTs) in South-West, Nigeria. Methods: One hundred PTs from ten purposely selected public-funded out-patient facilities from South-West, Nigeria responded in this cross-sectional study, yielding a response rate of 75% (100/150).  A previously validated questionnaire for World Confederation of Physical Therapists (WCPT) on the global view of DA and PSR for physical therapy was used in this study. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: There was a high awareness on legislation regulating practice (91%) and scope (84%) of the profession. Respondents assert that the extant legislation allows for DA (49%) and PSR (97%). However, 40% of the respondents opined that the baccalaureate qualification of PTs was inadequate for competence in DA and PSR; and a post-professional residency programme was mostly recommended (52%). Public support for DA and PSR to physiotherapy was rated more than the advocacy role of the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy (60% vs. 40%). Physicians’ (71%) and politicians’ (65%) views were rated the major barrier to achieving DA and PSR status in physiotherapy. Similarly, physicians’ (90%) and politicians’ (88%) support was perceived as the major facilitator.  Conclusion: Physiotherapy practice in Nigeria has the semblance of autonomy in DA and PSR but is devoid of legislative support. Most Nigerian physiotherapists assume professional autonomy but were not aware of the lack of legal support for DA and PSR. The current entry-level academic curricula were considered to be deficient and inadequate for autonomous practice in Nigeria.  Physicians and politicians were the most important barrier or facilitator to achieving legal support for DA and PSR in physiotherapy in Nigeria.

Non-compliance to Mass Drug Administration Associated with the Low Perception of the Community Members About their Susceptibility to Lymphatic Filariasis in Ankobra, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Ilo Dicko ◽  
Yaya Ibrahim Coulibaly ◽  
Modibo Sangaré ◽  
Bismark Sarfo ◽  
Priscillia Awo Nortey
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Degree Of Association

Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic disease that has been targeted for elimination through the Mass Drug Administration (MDA.) Although the MDA started in the Ankobra community in Ghana in 2000, LF prevalence as reported in 2014 was relatively high (4.5%). Non-compliance to the MDA has been associated with the persistent LF prevalence in endemic regions. Objective: This study determined the factors associated with the non-compliance to the MDA among patients living in the Ankobra community, Ghana. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a one-stage cluster sampling method was used to collect data between June and July, 2017 in Ankobra. Questionnaires were used to collect data from health workers, the MDA drug distributors and study participants in Ankobra. Data analysis was performed using STATA 14. Logistic regression was used to measure the degree of association between the dependent (non-compliance) and independent variables. Non-compliance rate was defined as the percentage of individuals who self-reported that they did not actually swallow the drugs provided during the MDA. Results: The MDA coverage and non-compliance rates were 73.5% (147/200) and 33.33% (49/147) respectively. The main reason for non-compliance was fear of drug adverse events (75.51%, 37/49). Thought of “not being susceptible to LF” was significantly associated with the non-compliance (aOR= 2.83, [CI= 1.15, 6.98]). Conclusion: Health education about the susceptibility of residents getting LF disease in endemic community must be intensified to improve compliance to MDA medication ingestion and thus meet the Global Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis by 2020.

scholarly journals Bedtime Oral Hygiene Behaviours, Dietary Habits and Children’s Dental Health

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
George Kitsaras ◽  
Michaela Goodwin ◽  
Michael P. Kelly ◽  
Iain A. Pretty
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
General Anaesthetic ◽  
Dental Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Bedtime Routine

Background: Oral hygiene behaviours as well as dietary habits before bed can affect children’s dental health resulting in higher prevalence of dental disease. Dental disease can affect children’s health, development and even school performance. If left untreated, dental disease can progress and it can lead to extractions under general anaesthetic causing further distress for children and families. Consistent and appropriate oral hygiene behaviours and dietary habits can prevent dental diseases from occurring in the first place. Objective: This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between oral hygiene behaviours, dietary habits around bedtime and children’s dental health. Methods: A total of 185 parents with children between the ages of 3 and 7 years from deprived areas participated in the study. Data on bedtime routine activities were collected using an automated text-survey system. Children’s dental health status was established through examination of dental charts and dmft (decayed, missed, filled teeth) scores. Results: In total, 52.4% of parents reported that their children’s teeth were brushed every night. The majority of children (58.9%) had dmft scores over zero. In total, 51 (46.7% of children with dmft score over 0 and 27.5% of all children) children had active decay. The mean dmft score for those experiencing decay was 2.96 (SD = 2.22) with an overall mean dmft score of 1.75 (SD = 2.24). There were significant correlations between frequency of tooth brushing, frequency of snacks/drinks before bed and dmft scores (r = −0.584, p < 0.001 and r = 0.547, p = 0.001 respectively). Finally, higher brushing frequency was associated with a lower likelihood of a dmft score greater than 0 (Exp(B) = 0.9). Conclusions: Despite families implementing oral hygiene behaviours as part of their bedtime routines those behaviours varied in their consistency. Results of this study highlight the need for additional studies that consider bedtime routine-related activities and especially the combined effects of oral hygiene practices and dietary habits due to their potentially important relationship with children’s dental health.

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