scholarly journals Evaluation of bacteriological parameters and heavy metal contents on water of Tinau river, Butwal, Rupandehi, Nepal

Our Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Basant Pandey ◽  
Anjana Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Bacterial Enumeration ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Bacteriological Parameters

The present work was undertaken to assess the surface water quality and discuss the potability of water by analyzed data of bacteriological (total Coliform and Faecalform) characters and heavy metals content (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cr and Cu) in the water of Tinau river. The study was carried out in the year 2011/2012 by selecting four spots within three different seasons: winter, summer and rainy. For bacterial enumeration, bacterial plate counts were carried out using the pour plate method with nutrient agar; while for determination of heavy metal concentration, Flame Atomic Absorption Spectro-photometry was used. The heavy metal content was within the range of WHO guideline for drinking purpose. However, on the basis of bacteriological parameters the water was not safe to consume without treatment. This study will also help to make aware those local people or adjacent farmers for proper management of waste disposal and also to minimize use of synthetic inputs.

scholarly journals Biosolids and heavy metals in soils

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Azevedo Silveira ◽  
Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni ◽  
Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Free Ions ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Inorganic Ligands

The application of sewage sludge or biosolids on soils has been widespread in agricultural areas. However, depending on their characteristics, they may cause increase in heavy metal concentration of treated soils. In general, domestic biosolids have lower heavy metal contents than industrial ones. Origin and treatment method of biosolids may markedly influence their characteristics. The legislation that controls the levels of heavy metal contents in biosolids and the maximum concentrations in soils is still controversial. In the long-term, heavy metal behavior after the and of biosolid application is still unknown. In soils, heavy metals may be adsorbed via specific or non-specific adsorption reactions. Iron oxides and organic matter are the most important soil constituents retaining heavy metals. The pH, CEC and the presence of competing ions also affect heavy metal adsorption and speciation in soils. In solution, heavy metals can be present either as free-ions or complexed with organic and inorganic ligands. Generally, free-ions are more relevant in environmental pollution studies since they are readily bioavailable. Some computer models can estimate heavy metal activity in solution and their ionic speciation. Thermodynamic data (thermodynamic stability constant), total metal and ligand concentrations are used by the GEOCHEM-PC program. This program allows studying heavy metal behavior in solution and the effect of changes in the conditions, such as pH and ionic strength and the application of organic and inorganic ligands caused by soil fertilization.

Tin Ore Tailing Reservoir Dominant Plants Heavy Metal Accumulation Characteristics of Yunnan

2013 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 813-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Gang Zhang ◽  
Ruo Peng Yang ◽  
Han Yuan ◽  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Accumulation Coefficient ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Plant Transfer

According to the field investigation, collecting five kinds of dominant plant from tin ore tailing reservoir of Gejiu and tailing reservoir soil samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of five kinds of dominant plant roots, stems, leaves and its growth soil’s Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd contents, and analyzes five kinds of plant transfer and accumulation coefficient. The results showed that: soil heavy metal pollution is serious, especially Cd pollution; Lactuca indic L、Cattail、Alopecurus aequalis and Cyperus rotundus L. plants of heavy metal contents are the same, all is Zn﹥Cu﹥Pb﹥Cd, but four kinds of heavy metal contents are Pb﹥Zn﹥Cu﹥ Cd in Neyruadia plants; Lactuca indic L、Cyperus rotundus L、Alopecurus aequalis and Cattail to Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd four kinds of heavy metals accumulation ability is weaker. But from the root to the ground part organ transfer ability aspects: four kinds of heavy metal in Lactuca indic L is strong, Pb and Cd two elements in the Cyperus rotundus L is more stronger, Cd in Alopecurus aequalis is more stronger, Zn, Cu and Cd in Cattail is more stronger; the accumulation and transfer coefficient are larger than one, it was a better plant which removes Pb.

scholarly journals Heavy metal content of tank goby (Glossogobius giuris) in East Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
Sulistiono Sulistiono ◽  
Yeni Irawati ◽  
Djamar T. F Lumban Batu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Segara Anakan Lagoon ◽  
Glossogobius Giuris ◽  
Safety Limit

Segara Anakan is a semi-close water ecosystem which is connected to Donan River (industrial and residential areas) in the east and Citanduy River (agricultural area) in the west. Most activity in those areas can produce a waste which becomes sources of harmful pollutants to the aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to analyze the content level of heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cu and Cd) in muscle and safety level consumption of the tank goby (<em>Glossogobius giuris</em>) in the area. This study was conducted for 4 months in June, August, September and October 2017 at the waters of East Segara Anakan Lagoon of Cilacap (Central Java Province), The heavy metal concentration in the muscle was measured by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Based on the analysis, the heavy metal contents of Pb, Hg, Cu, and Cd in the tank goby were 0-0.005 mg/kg, 0-0.044 mg/kg, 0.164-0.293 mg/kg, and 0.001-0.032 mg/kg, respectively and these contents were under the safety limit. Safety level of consumption of the fish was 837.3  g/week (for adult) and 251.2  g/week (for children).<br /><br />

HEAVY METAL IN PM10 IN THE BUILDINGS OF CHIANG MAI PROVINCE DURING SMOG CRISIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pajaree Thongsanit ◽  
Supawan Srirattana
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Air Sampler ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Chiang Mai Province

The objective of this research is to study of concentration of heavy metals such as manganese, copper, iron, silver; cadmium, chromium, nickel and lead in particulate matter size smaller than 10 micron (PM10) samples were collected from five building in Chiang Mai province during smog crisis. The PM10 samples were collected by a PM10 low volume air sampler dust with the flow rate 1.7 liter per minute. The sampling time was set 8 hours for each sample according to the sampling from December 2012 to May 2013. The composite elements, i.e., Manganese (Mn) Copper (Cu) Iron (Fe) Silver (Ag) Cadmium (Cd) Chromium (Cr) Nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) analyzed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS).  It was found that the indoor dust value of 12.25-171.57 microgram per square meter per day.  The most of indoor dust samples were not exceeded the standard value of 150 microgram per cubic meter. The heavy metal concentration were not exceeded the air quality standard value.

Enhancement of EAPR System Using Aeration Process on the Removal of Heavy Metal (Cu and Fe) in the Wastewater and Up-Take by Vetiver Grass (Vetiveira zizaniodes L)

2019 ◽  
Vol 948 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Rudy Syah Putra ◽  
Vivian Viani ◽  
Iis Setianingrum ◽  
Ega Dwi Sintadani ◽  
Durrotul Uuliyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Oxygen Injection ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

This study was aimed to determine the effect of electro-assisted and oxygen injection system to improve the effectiveness of the copper and iron removal in wastewater by phytoremediation system. The electro-assisted phytoremediation (EAPR) system was run with Vetiver grass (Vetiveira zizanioides L) as accumulator plant and 2 V of constant DC power supply using 2D cathode-pot electrode and air diffuser configuration on the aeration by air flow rate of 10 L/min. The effectiveness of phytoremediation, phyto-aeration,and phytoremediation on the wastewater treatment was compared and evaluated by measuring the decreasing of heavy metal concentration in the wastewater and accumulated inthe plant. Plant stress was monitored by the observation of phytomorphology changed and measurement chlorophyll content using UV-Vis Spectroscopy after the acetone extraction and heavy metal concentration was measured by Flame-Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (Flame-AAS). The results showed that the decreasing of Cu and Fe concentration in the wastewater as much as 86.5% and 99,3%, higher than that phyto-aeration (82.35% and 99.20%) and phytoremediation (15.0% and 56.0%). The uptake profiles of heavy metal by plant indicated the enhancement ability of electro-assisted and aeration system to the phytoremediation has different results. For example in the root part, the heavy metal absorption occurred most often as following in phytoremediation>phyto-aeration>EAPR-aeration. Contrary results show in the EAPR-aeration system that the metal concentration quiet high translocation from root to shoot part by enhancement of electro-assisted and aeration system. High chlorophyll content and chlorophyll ratio in the plant under the EAPR-aeration system shows higher tolerance of the plant to the heavy metal concentration.

Quantitative Analysis of Lead, Cadmium and Chromium in Different Brands of Junk Food Marketed in Metro Manila, Philippines

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1581-1585
Author(s):  
Judilynn N. Solidum ◽  
Jina Lyn Parel ◽  
Adrian Pascual ◽  
Rommel Reyes ◽  
Daniel J. Tiga
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
Almost All

Heavy metals are considered harmful contaminants of food, previously recognized to pose both health and environmental hazards. Junk food are considered an everyday food of the general public most especially by children. There are no studies yet describing the heavy metal contents of junk food thus the primary objective of this study is to address such concerns. This study analyzed the heavy metal contents lead, cadmium, and chromium of 36 junk food, through Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Lead values ranged from 8.5398 to 0.0093 ppm while cadmium ranged from non detectable to 0.0085 ppm and for chromium, ranged from 0.1261 to 0.3106 ppm. It was observed that the sample Princess Snack’s lead content was significantly higher than the allowable limit for lead. The said product is imported from a country in East Asia. In conclusion, all samples obtained showed low amounts of cadmium while almost all samples contained lead except for one while for chromium all samples have content way above the safety limits. It is recommended that more studies should be done in samples that have not passed in terms of their heavy metal limits.

scholarly journals Assessing the Hepatotoxicity of Industrial Leachate; Histopathology and Heavy Metal Contents in Liver of Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Muhammad Babar Khawar ◽  
Rabia Mehmood ◽  
Muddasir Hassan Abbasi ◽  
Nadeem Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The process of paper production requires a huge quantity of water and energy and in turn contributes a number of effluents in the form of phenolics, toxic organic compounds and heavy metals in wastewater (leachate). The present investigation was aimed to assess the toxic effects of leachate on liver micro-architecture and heavy metal elements of the liver. Eighteen (18) healthy male Wistar rats (240 ± 10g) were selected and acclimatized prior to experimental treatment. These rats were randomly divided into three groups viz, Control group (received 4ml/ kg normal saline), Group 1 (4ml/ kg leachate) and Group 2 (4ml/ kg 1:10 diluted leachate). All the animals were dissected and liver tissues were collected and processed accordingly after 24 h of leachate treatment. High level of cadmium and chromium were found in Group 1 as compared to the control group upon liver metal contents analysis found out by flame atomic absorption spectrometer. A clear disruption of micro-architecture of the liver, congested sinusoids, damaged central vein, and perturbed morphology was observed in Group-1 as revealed by H & E staining. Moreover, loss of polarity, congestion, and disruption of hepatocytes and pronounced vacuolization in the cytoplasm was observed in Group 2 compared to control sections. On the basis of above findings, it can be concluded that paper industry leachate is highly toxic and its intraperitoneal injection results in hepatotoxicity that not only affects the hepatic micro-architecture but also results in perturbed liver metal contents. Therefore, proper treatment of such wastewater is required before its disposal.

scholarly journals Determination of the heavy metal contents of frequently used herbal products in Pakistan

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-382
Author(s):  
Tehseen Quds ◽  
Maryam Ahmed ◽  
Sadia Shakeel ◽  
Nusrat Jalbani ◽  
Farah Mazhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Level ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Health Organization

Purpose: To determine the heavy metal content of selected local and international herbal medicines sold for the treatment of various diseases in Pakistan. Methods: The different dosage forms of herbal medicines assessed were crude forms of syrups, gel, capsule, powder and tonic. Wet digestion method was used to prepare the herbal samples using nitric acid, and then analyzed for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), using MHS-15 mercury/hydride system and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Results: The investigated results displayed the Arsenic level (0.00 ppm to 0.580 ppm); Cadmium (0.001 ppm to 0.006 ppm); Lead (0.00 ppm to 1.078 ppm) and Mercury (0.001 ppm to 0.012 ppm). All results were found below the permissible limit of acceptability intake of the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Herbal Products Association (AHPA). The pH of the samples were in the range of 1.52 to 6.99. Conclusion: The findings reveal that the investigated herbal products available in Pakistan are safe with reference to heavy metals, and considered non-toxic for human consumption.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Ujjani Reservoir Water and Sediment, Maharashtra, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dnyaneshwar Shinde ◽  
Dnyanesh M. Mahajan ◽  
Sanjay D. Chakane
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Metal Contents

Abstract The study was conducted to investigate heavy metal contents namely, Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), and Manganese (Mn) from surface sediment and water samples collected from the Ujjani Reservoir. The concentrations (mg kg− 1) of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn in sediment detected were 4455.0, 184.05, 97.4, 1090.5 respectively, while in water metal contents (mg l− 1) Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn were 3.05, 0.5, 0.82, and 2.56 correspondingly. The contents of metals in the studied samples showed a descending order such as Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. It was observed that the mean concentrations of Fe, Cu, and Mn were more in sediment and water, whereas, Zn contents were detected lesser than the standard levels proposed by USEPA 2004. The sediment pollution analysis was achieved using a Pollution load index (PLI), Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Potential ecological risk index (RI). Similarly, risk of metals in water was evaluated using Average absorption dose (ADD), Hazardous quotient (HQ), and Hazardous index (HI). In our study, the ADD, HQ and HI values for metals were lower than 1, indicating that there is no health risk associated with studied heavy metals present in surface water. Also sediment quality assessment shows that there is minor ecological risk of studied heavy metals. Even though, the Ujjani Reservoir has a lower ecological risk, its water and sediment quality is declining day by day. Therefore, there is a need to make a policy for ecological restoration to avoid further damage to the ecosystem and human beings.

scholarly journals Batik Wastewater Treatment Using Simultaneous Process of Electrocoagulation and Electro-Assisted Phytoremediation (EAPR)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Rudy Syah Putra ◽  
Aprilia Dwi Annisa ◽  
Sigit Budiarjo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Constant Voltage ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Simultaneous Process ◽  
Assisted Phytoremediation

The aims of the study are to identify the effectiveness of wastewater treatment from the Batik industry using a simultaneous of electrocoagulation (EC) and electro-assisted phytoremediation (EAPR). Rough horsetail (Equisetum hyemale) was used as an accumulator plant in the EAPR system. Electrocoagulation was conducted for 1 h at a constant voltage of 20 V in 10 L solution, while EAPR was processed for 7 day at a constant voltage of 5 V in 17 L solution. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of water was determined by closed reflux of colorimetric methods and heavy metal concentration was determined by flame-atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the COD decreased by 69.6% after 1 h of electrocoagulation process and up to 80.9% after the EAPR process. The concentration of Cr and Pb decreased as much as 25% and 8.52%, respectively in the similar process. The simultaneous process could extend the heavy metal removal up to 0.28 mg/L for Cr and 0.09 mg/L for Pb in liquid wastewater from the initial concentration. These results showed that the levels of COD and heavy metal concentration in Batik wastewater have reduced in accordance with the Ministry of Environment Decree No. 5/2014 Republic of Indonesia regarding various industries wastewater standard with the threshold limit of 150 mg/L for COD and 1.0 mg/L for Cr on textile industry and 0.1 mg/L for Pb on Class I for another wastewater standard. The estimated cost of operation was US$ 1.509 m–3 indicating the viability of Batik industry wastewater treatment.

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