scholarly journals Assessing the Hepatotoxicity of Industrial Leachate; Histopathology and Heavy Metal Contents in Liver of Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Muhammad Babar Khawar ◽  
Rabia Mehmood ◽  
Muddasir Hassan Abbasi ◽  
Nadeem Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The process of paper production requires a huge quantity of water and energy and in turn contributes a number of effluents in the form of phenolics, toxic organic compounds and heavy metals in wastewater (leachate). The present investigation was aimed to assess the toxic effects of leachate on liver micro-architecture and heavy metal elements of the liver. Eighteen (18) healthy male Wistar rats (240 ± 10g) were selected and acclimatized prior to experimental treatment. These rats were randomly divided into three groups viz, Control group (received 4ml/ kg normal saline), Group 1 (4ml/ kg leachate) and Group 2 (4ml/ kg 1:10 diluted leachate). All the animals were dissected and liver tissues were collected and processed accordingly after 24 h of leachate treatment. High level of cadmium and chromium were found in Group 1 as compared to the control group upon liver metal contents analysis found out by flame atomic absorption spectrometer. A clear disruption of micro-architecture of the liver, congested sinusoids, damaged central vein, and perturbed morphology was observed in Group-1 as revealed by H & E staining. Moreover, loss of polarity, congestion, and disruption of hepatocytes and pronounced vacuolization in the cytoplasm was observed in Group 2 compared to control sections. On the basis of above findings, it can be concluded that paper industry leachate is highly toxic and its intraperitoneal injection results in hepatotoxicity that not only affects the hepatic micro-architecture but also results in perturbed liver metal contents. Therefore, proper treatment of such wastewater is required before its disposal.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Anthocleista vogelii Stem Bark in the Treatment of Jaundice on Paracetamol-induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
B. A. Olatunji ◽  
C. U. Ogunka-Nnoka
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This study investigated therapeutic effect of ethanol extract of Anthocleista vogelii stem bark (EEAV) in the treatment of jaundice on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in adult wistar rats. A total of 30 wistar rats weighing between 160-200 g were distributed into 6 groups comprising group 1 (normal control), group 2 (paracetamol 2 g/Kg bw), group 3 (paracetamol 2 g/Kg bw + Silymarin 100mg/Kg bw) and groups 4-6 (paracetamol 2 g/Kg bw each + 250, 500, & 1000 mg/Kg bw of EEAV, respectively). Experiment lasted for a period of 16 days. Paracetamol induction elevated liver indices and enzyme activities. However, administration of EEAV significantly reduced (p≤0.05) these effects in groups 3-6 when compared to group 2. A significant elevation (p≤0.05) was reported in creatinine, urea, sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) when group 2 was compared with group 1. Haematological study showed that packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) levels significantly increased (p≤0.05) in treatment groups 3-6 when compared to group 2. The catalase (CAT) activity increased significantly (p≤0.05) in groups 3, 4 and 6 when compared to group 2. Liver histology showed normal hepatocytes architecture with normal central vein in group 1. Group 2 revealed a histologically distorted liver tissue while there was regeneration of hepatic cells in groups 3-6. The study revealed that EEAV could serve as potent herbal therapeutic agent in the treatment of jaundice triggered by paracetamol induction in adult wistar rats.

scholarly journals Urinary N-Acetyl-Beta-D-Glucosaminidase Activity in Rat Experimental Ischemic and Toxic Models of Acute Kidney Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Razvan Andrei CODEA ◽  
Mircea MIRCEAN ◽  
Sidonia Alina BOGDAN ◽  
Andras Laszlo NAGY ◽  
Alexandra BIRIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tubular Injury ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The identification of a suitable prevention method which facilitates limiting the deleterious effects of acute kidney injuries is highly required. In order to identify a proper treatment for acute kidney injuries, a suitable experimental model that replicates the structural, metabolic and inflammatory lesions that occur in the natural acute injured kidney is highly necessary. Intense urinary NAG activity can be found in a variety of renal disease such as toxic nephropathies, ischemic renal injury following cardiac surgery or renal transplantation but also in glomerular disease especially in diabetic nephropathy. Rises in urinary NAG enzyme activity strongly suggests tubular cell damage and support NAG enzyme as a biomarker of renal tubular injury. The aim of this paper is to obtain a stable in vivo acute kidney injury experimental model, in Wistar, rats and to evaluate the urinary activity of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) enzyme, blood levels of urea and creatinine and microstructural renal alterations induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury respectively gentamicin nephrotoxicity. For this purpose we have used a rat experimental model. Adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 rats in each group. Group 1 served as a model for the renal ischemia/reperfusion injury experiment, group 2 served for toxic kidney injury experimental model and group 3 served as control group. All individuals in both groups 1 and 2 presented marked elevations in blood urea and creatinine at the moment of euthanasia (day 3 for group 1 and day 9 for group 2) compared to the control group where biochemical values remained within normal limits. Urine analysis of both group 1 and 2 showed marked urinary NAG index activity which suggests acute tubular injury, suggestion confirmed by histological evaluation of the renal parenchyma sampled from this subjects

scholarly journals Effect of ovarian autotransplantation on FSH levels in Wistar rats late menopause model

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Abdurahman Laqif ◽  
Dewi Kartika DJ Anwar ◽  
Eriana Melinawati
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bilateral Oophorectomy ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Elisa Data

Objectives: To determine the effect of ovarian autotransplan-tation on decreasing FSH level in Wistarrats late menopause model.Materials and Methods: Experimental analytic research on 27 Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) was divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (K1) or control. Group 2 (K2) performed bilateral oophorec-tomy without autotransplantation. Group 3 (K3) performed bilateral oophorectomy with autotransplantation. Measurements of FSH levels were performed on the first day, day 28 (four weeks after bilateral oophorectomy, during late menopause) and 56 day (four weeks after autotransplant). Measurement of FSH levels using ELISA. Data analysis used ANOVA and Post Hoc test.Results: The mean FSH level measured on day 56 at K1 = 63.400 ng/mL, at K2 = 78.416 ng/mL and K3 = 31.991 ng/mL. There were significant differences between K1 and K2 (p = 0,000), K1 and K3 (p = 0,000), and between K2 and K3 (p = 0,000).Conclusion: Ovarian autotransplantation decrease FSH levels in Wistar rats late menopause model.

scholarly journals Shrimp diet and skin healing strength in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Lage Borges ◽  
Fernanda Kelley Silva Pereira ◽  
Jacqueline Isaura Alvarez-Leite ◽  
Luiz Ronaldo Alberti ◽  
Mônica Alves Neves Diniz Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Skin Incision ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Interrupted Suture ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Skin Healing ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVE: Surgical scar tensile strength may be influenced by several factors such as drugs, hormones and diet. The purpose of the present study was to determine the influence of a shrimp-enriched diet on the tensile strength of rat scars. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were submitted to a 4 cm dorsal skin incision and the wounds were sutured with 5-0 nylon interrupted suture. The animals were divided into two groups: Group 1 (control) received a regular diet, and Group 2 (experimental) received a shrimp-enriched diet. The two diets contained the same amounts of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. The rats in each group were divided into two subgroups according to the time of assessment of the scar tensile strength: subgroup A, studied on the 5th postoperative day, and subgroup B, studied on the 21st postoperative day. RESULTS: The tensile strength of the scar on the 5th postoperative day was lower in the animals that received the shrimp-enriched-diet (303.0, standard error of mean= 34.1) than in the control group (460.1, SEM = 56.7) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: A shrimp diet reduces the tensile strength of the scar. The next step of this study will be to clarify the mechanism in which shrimp affects tensile strength.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian kopi terhadap kualitas spermatozoa tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang terpapar stres

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Risnawati A. Haris ◽  
Lydia Tendean ◽  
Grace Turalaki
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Light Form ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: The coffee beans composed of the compound caffeine, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and acid stearic. The content of caffeine in coffee can improve spermatozoa motility that are not motile by inhibiting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and affects the intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. Spermatozoa quality can be affected by various factors such as stress. In nocturnal animals, dark periode becomes a signal to do activity by suprachiasmatic nucleus. The change in activity of the nocturnal animals from initial condition in the dark then exposed to light can leads to stress. This study was aimed to determine the effect of coffee on the spermatozoa quality of wistar rats which had been exposed to stress. This was an experimental analytical study with a post-test only control group design. The study was conducted for 50 days from September to November 2016. The sample consisted of 9 rats divided into three groups: a control group (P0) is given only exposure to stress in the form of light, the treatment group 1 (P1) is given exposure to stress in the light form and liquid coffee 1 ml / kg and the treatment group 2 (P2) is given exposure to stress in the light form and coffee extracts. The results showed that there were significant differences in the concentration and motility treatment group 1 (P1) to the control group (P0) which is p <0.05 and significant differences in sperm motility treatment group 2 (P2) to the control group (P0) which is p <0.05. Conclusion: Coffee administration could improve the quality of spermatozoa of wistar rats exposed to stress.Keywords: stress, coffee, quality of spermatozoa. Abstrak: Biji kopi tersusun dari senyawa kafein, asam palmatik, asam linoleat dan asam stearik. Kandungan kafein yang terdapat didalam kopi mampu meningkatkan motilitas spermatozoa yang tidak motil dengan cara menghambat siklus nukleotida fosfodiesterase dan mempengaruhi level intraseluler dari siklus AMP. Kualitas spermatozoa juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor lain seperti stres. Pada hewan nokturnal periode gelap menjadi sinyal untuk beraktiftas dilakukan oleh suprachiasmatic nucleus. Perubahan aktivitas pada hewan nokturnal dari kondisi awalnya ditempat yang gelap lalu diberikan paparan cahaya dapat menyebabkan terjadinya stres. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kopi terhadap kualitas spermatozoa tikus wistar yang terpapar stres. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental analitik dengan post-test only control group design. Penelitian dilakukan selama 50 hari dari bulan September – November 2016. Sampel sebanyak 9 ekor tikus dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu : kelompok kontrol (P0) hanya diberikan paparan stres berupa cahaya, kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) diberikan paparan stres berupa cahaya dan cairan kopi 1 mL/KgBb dan kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) diberikan paparan stres berupa cahaya dan ekstrak kopi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada konsentrasi dan motilitas spermatozoa kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) terhadap kelompok kontrol (P0) yaitu p<0,05 dan perbedaan yang signifikan pada motilitas spermatozoa kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) terhadap kelompok kontrol (P0) yaitu p<0,05. Simpulan: Pemberian kopi meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa yang terpapar stres. Kata kunci: stres, kopi, kualitas spermatozoa

scholarly journals Pengaruh Susu Kacang Kedelai (GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERR.) Terhadap Kualitas Spermatozoa Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine Madianung ◽  
Lusiana Satiawati ◽  
Lydia Tendean
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract: The effects of soy beans on spermatozoa still been a controversial thing. Soy is one of the source of the Fitoestrogen because the structure isoflavon of soy is similar with the structure of estrogen molecule, so it can confound the balancial of hormone. Soy also as a source of protein that rich of amino acid arginin. The study was carried out to find the effects of soy bean milk on spermatozoa qualities. This experimental study was conducted to nine wistar rats weighing from 200 to 250 grams. These nine wistar rats were divide into 3 groups. Consists of control group (K) that did not gives the soy bean milk, the group 1 (P1) that gives the soy bean milk with dose 500mg/kg BB/day and the group 2 (P2) with dose 780mg/kg BB/day. Treatment carried out for 60 days. As a result, there is an improvement in consentration and morphology of spermatozoa which are statistically significant (p<0,05) in group 1 (P1) and group 2 (P2). Spermatozoa motility have a tendency to rise, but statistically meaningless (p>0,05). Conclusion: The higher dose of soy bean milk may rise the concentration, morphology and motility of spermatozoa wistar rats.Keywords: soy bean, soy bean milk, qualities of spermatozoa.Abstrak: Pengaruh kacang kedelai terhadap kualitas spermatozoa masih menimbulkan kontroversi. Kedelai merupakan salah satu sumber fitoestrogen karena struktur isoflavon kedelai mirip dengan struktur molekul estrogen sehingga dapat mengacaukan keseimbangan hormon. Kedelai juga sebagai sumber protein yang kaya akan asam amino arginin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek dari susu kacang kedelai terhadap kualitas spermatozoa tikus wistar. Penelitian ini menggunakan 9 ekor wistar yang terbagi secara acak ke dalam 3 kelompok. Terdiri dari Kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberikan susu kacang kedelai, kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) yang diberi susu kacang kacang kedelai dengan dosis 500mg/kgBB/hari dan kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) dengan dosis 780mg/kgBB/hari. Pemberian perlakuan berlangsung selama 60 hari. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan peningkatan konsentrasi dan morfologi spermatozoa yang signifikan secara statistik (p<0,05) antara kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) dan kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2). Motilitas spermatozoa pada kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) dan kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) mempunyai kecenderungan meningkat, tetapi secara statistik tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Simpulan: Makin tinggi dosis susu kacang kedelai yang diberikan, dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi, motilitas, dan morfologi spermatozoa tikus wistar.Kata kunci: kacang kedelai, susu kacang kedelai, kualitas spermatozoa.

scholarly journals Effects of Methanolic Root Extract of Holarrhena floribunda on the Lipid Profile and Sex Hormones in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dennis, Amaechi ◽  
E. O. Udosen ◽  
V. S. Ekam ◽  
I. P. Ekpe
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: This study aims to determine the effects of methanolic root extract of Holarrehna floribunda on the level of some serum sex hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and lipid profile in Wistar rats.   Materials and Methods: Twenty- four male and female Wistar rats (150-250 g body weight) were randomly assigned into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 (control male) took normal rat chow and drinking water. Group 2 (control female) took normal rat chow and drinking water, Group 3(Male test group), was administered with 200 mg/kg of Holarrehna floribunda extract, Group 4(Female test group), was administered with 200 mg/kg of Holarrehna floribunda. The feeding regimens lasted for 5weeks. Results: The values for the lipid profile shows CHOL in Group 1 and Group 3 were 4.02±0.41 mmol/l  and 5.75±0.09 mmol/l, Group 2 and Group 4 were 3.87±0.22 mmol/l  and 5.80±0.10 mmol/l  respectively, TRIG  for Group 1 and Group 3 were 1.30±0.05 mmol/l  and 2.11±0.15 mmol/l  for Groups 2 and 4 were 1.15±0.03 mmol/l  and (2.10±0.12 mmol/l,HDL-C for Groups 1 and 3 were 30.01±0.82 mg/dL  and 39.88± 1.24mg/dL,for Groups 2 and 4 were 29.98± 0.77 mg/dL  and 38.20± 1.83 mg/dL, LDL-C for Groups 1 and 3 were 2.26±0.37 mmol/L  and 4.17±0.35 mmol/L respectively, for Groups 2 and 4 were 3.27±0.47 mmol/L  and 4.06±0.21 mmol/L  respectively, shows significant increase(p<0.05) in HDL-C (mg/dL) in Groups 1,2,3 and 4.The values obtained showed significant increase (p<0.05) in HDL-C (mg/dL) in Groups 1,2,3and 4The serum concentrations of FSH, Estradiol, LH and progesterone in the control Group 2 were 0.38 ±0.07mIU/mL, 7.83±0.35 mIU/mL, 15.50±0.15 Pg/mL and 0.86±0.03 ng/mL respectively, and in test Group 4 were 0.77±0.04mIU/mL, 8.75±0.17 mIU/mL, 21.09±0.79 Pg/Ml 0.33±0.05 ng/mL. Follicle stimulating hormone levels was significantly higher (p<0.05) in test group compared with control. While in Group 1 and 3, the serum concentrations of FSH, LH, and testosterone in control Group 1 were (0.51 ±0.06) mIU/mL, (16.44±0.31) mIU/mL and (8.41±0.50) ng/mL respectively and in test Group 3 were 0.88±0.06 mIU/mL19.88±1.46mIU/mL and10.68±0.64 ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The extract improves the level of sex hormones in both the male and female rats.  which could enhance reproductive functions in normal rats and those with loss of reproductive function.

scholarly journals The Effect of Propofol on Onset and Sedation in Diabetic Mellitus Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Erwin ◽  
Rusli Rusli ◽  
Zuraidawati Zuraidawati ◽  
Fadillah Irwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This research aimed to examine the time of onset and sedation on diabetic mellitus (DM) rat (Rattus norvegicus) by propofol. This study used 8 female wistar rats 2-3 months old and 150-200 grams of bodyweight, fed with standard feed and water ad libitum. Samples were divided into two groups. Group 1 (KI) as a control group was injected intraperitoneally with aloxan solvent and group 2 (KII) was injected intraperitoneally with 150 mg/kg bodyweight aloxan. Blood glucose was checked 10 days after aloxan injection, DM was categorized if the blood glucose over 150 mg/dl. All rats were injected intravenously with propofol 1% with the dose of 10 mg/kg bodyweight. Onset and sedation time was counted using stopwatch after propofol injection. The result showed that mean (±SD) of onset on KI and KII were 1.39±0.49 and 8.64±1.23 seconds, consecutively and they were significantly different at P0.01. Whilst mean (±SD) of sedation KI and KII were 12.12±1.47 minutes and 7.62±1.61 minutes, respectively. The onset and sedation time of KI was significantly different from KII P0.01. The conclusion of this research was DM affects time of onset and sedation when wistar strain rats were anesthetized by 1% propofol.Key words: rats, diabetic mellitus, propofol, onset, sedation

scholarly journals Prophylactic Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Saussurea Costus Roots Against Hepato- Renal Toxicity Induced by Diazinon in Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-51
Author(s):  
Alaa K. Hamad ◽  
Mariam Kadhem
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The study was performed to investigate the prophylactic role of Saussurea costus roots in the functional and histological changes caused by diazinon in the liver and kidneysin chickens. 18 chickens were used of Arbor Acres strain at 54 days of age and 1300-1500 gm average of body weight was used for this purpose. The birds were divided into 3 groups equally (6chicken in each groups), Group 1: served as a control negative received distilled water 1 ml. Group 2: served as a positive control group, received diazinon at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day. Group 3: were given an ethanolic extractof Saussurea costus at dose 300 mg/kg, then after one hour administrated diazinon at the dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day, this group served as a prophylactic group. The doses were given orally once daily for 4 weeks.The results of group 2 showed clinical signs such as ruffled feathers, salivation, diarrhea, breathing from the mouth, teary eyes, drooping of wings. The body weights of the chickens and weights of the liver and kidneys of group 2 significantly declined (p≤ 0.05) compared with groups 1 and 3. There was a significant decrease (p≤ 0.05) in WBC count, lymphocyte, total protein, albumin, GSH, SOD, CAT, and GPX levels, while a significant increase (p≤0.05) in heterophil, ALT, AST, creatinine, urea, uric acid, and MDA compared with group 1. The gross examination of the liver and kidney of group 2 were pale, easily crumbles and smaller than that of group 1. Histopathological changes of the liver of group 2 including congested and dilated central vein, vacuolated cytoplasm of hepatocytes, focal necrotic tissue filled with inflammatory cells, thickening of the bile duct, thickening wall of the portal artery. fibroblast in portal area, dilated sinusoid. Histopathological changes of the kidney including dilatation of renal tubule, hemorrhage, and atrophy in the glomerulus. we concluded that administration of ethanolic extractof Saussurea costus resulted in amelioration of the morphological changes in diazinon treated chickens, improved parameters and restored the parameters to near normal compared with group 1. These results revealed that Saussurea costus roots acts as an antioxidant substance and has a hepatic and renoprotective effect against toxicity induced by diazinon.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Sauropus androgynus Leaves Extract To Improve Cognitive Function in Wistar Rats Induced Alzheimer’s

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Rachmat Hidayat ◽  
Raden Ayu Adelia Safitri ◽  
Tungki Pratama Umar ◽  
Arindi Maretzka
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amyloid Formation ◽  
Alzheimer Dementia ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background Sauropus androgynus leaves is the substance which has the potency to prevent degenerative processes. Sauropus androgynus leaves has flavonoid as the main component. Flavonoid has antioxidant and anti neuro-inflammation that can be used to prevent Alzheimer dementia. Research purpose is knowing the effect of Sauropus androgynus leaves for the cognitive function and β-amyloid expression in the hippocampus of wistar rats. Methods Reseacrh was done by in vivo method, where male wistar rats (n=24) were distributed to six groups which consisting of four rats. Group 1: Normal control, group 2: positive control, group 3: standard treatment (B12 vitamin), group 4, 5 and 6 were give Sauropus androgynus leaves extract with the dose of 75 mg/kgBB, 150 mg/kgBB and 300 mg/kgBB, respectively for 28 days. Cognitive function was evaluated by t-maze test, where hippocampal β-amyloid expression was tested by immunohistochemistry. Results Time differences (day 0-28), alternation ratio distinction (day 0-28) and β-amiloid expression were: group 1 (1,84 second; 0,23 unit; 0,518%), group 2 (56,78 second; -0,42 unit; 40,036%), group 3 (34,46 second; -0,25 unit; 33,08%), group 4 (32,83  second; -0,09 unit; 28,88%), group 5 (-3,91 second; 0,42 unit; 14,728%), group 6 (24,25 second; 0,42 unit; 9,4%). Conclusion Sauropus androgynus leaves extract at the dose of 150 mg/kgBB and 300 mg/kgBB can maintain cognitive function by decreasing hippocampal β-amyloid formation.

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