scholarly journals Comparison of Organic and Conventional Agriculture Systems on Crop Production

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Pelzer ◽  
Mahdi Al-Kaisi ◽  
Kathleen Delate
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Agriculture Systems

scholarly journals Automated Weed Detection Systems: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswathi Shanmugam ◽  
Eduardo Assunção ◽  
Ricardo Mesquita ◽  
André Veiros ◽  
Pedro D. Gaspar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Weed Detection ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Efficient Reduction ◽  
Production Research ◽  
And Control

A weed plant can be described as a plant that is unwanted at a specific location at a given time. Farmers have fought against the weed populations for as long as land has been used for food production. In conventional agriculture this weed control contributes a considerable amount to the overall cost of the produce. Automatic weed detection is one of the viable solutions for efficient reduction or exclusion of chemicals in crop production. Research studies have been focusing and combining modern approaches and proposed techniques which automatically analyze and evaluate segmented weed images. This study discusses and compares the weed control methods and gives special attention in describing the current research in automating the weed detection and control. Keywords: Detection, Weed, Agriculture 4.0, Computational vision, Robotics

Intercropping Valuable Hardwood Tree Species and Agricultural Crops in Southern Ontario

1991 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Gordon ◽  
Peter A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Cash Crops ◽  
Hardwood Trees ◽  
Hardwood Tree ◽  
Equipment Size

Intercropping of hardwood trees with cash crops is an alternative to conventional agriculture and forestry practices that gives flexibility in goals and a potential for gradual changes in land use. Six intercropped plantings have been established in southern Ontario to investigate aspects of tree growth, crop production, and site relationships. This paper reports preliminary results from this research.Important considerations during establishment of an intercropped plantation include: equipment size, cropping methods, competition control and wildlife concerns. Plantings and spraying equipment have primary influence over plantation layout; and mice, groundhogs and deer can cause serious problems in some situations.

Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Plenchette ◽  
C. Clermont-Dauphin ◽  
J. M. Meynard ◽  
J. A. Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Mycorrhizal Dependency ◽  
Conventional Agriculture

Market globalization, demographic pressure, and environmental degradation have led us to reconsider many of our current agricultural systems. The heavy use of chemical inputs, including fertilizers and pesticides, has resulted in pollution, decreased biodiversity in intensively-farmed regions, degradation of fragile agro-ecosystems, and prohibitive costs for many farmers. Low input sustainable cropping systems should replace conventional agriculture, but this requires a more comprehensive understanding of the biological interactions within agro-ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi appear to be the most important telluric organisms to consider. Mycorrhizae, which result from a symbiosis between these fungi and plant roots, are directly involved in plant mineral nutrition, the control of plant pathogens, and drought tolerance. Most horticultural and crop plants are symbiotic with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal literature is abundant, showing that stimulation of plant growth can be mainly attributed to improved phosphorous nutrition. Although the mycorrhizal potential of its symbiosis to improve crop production is widely recognized, it is not implemented in agricultural systems. There is an urgent need to improve and widely apply analytical methods to evaluate characteristics such as, relative field mycorrhizal dependency, soil mycorrhizal infectivity, and mycorrhizal receptivity of soil. Decreased use of fertilizers, pesticides, and tillage will favour arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. However, shifting from one system to a more sustainable one is not easy since all components of the cropping system are closely linked. Different cases, from actual agricultural practices in different countries, are analyzed to highlight situations in which mycorrhizae might or might not play a role in developing more sustainable agriculture. Key words: Cropping systems, mycorrhizae, sustainability, technical itineraries, rotation

scholarly journals Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus on Growth and Nutrient Status in Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Ahmad Thoker ◽  
sapan patel
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Pot Culture

Abstract Background: The greatest challenge of today’s agriculture is to feed the growing population and restore the natural resources. World over demand of crops in market is more than production. Indian crop production needs to be doubled and just to maintain the present precipitate consumption. . Excessive use of chemical fertilizers causes environmental pollution both at the manufacturing and application sites. It is therefore most necessary to reduce the dependence on chemical inputs in agriculture. This is possible only through eco friendly approaches of farming system. Besides other biotechnological interventions, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could be used as bio inoculants for promotion of growth, development, quality and yield of vegetables that too under an Integrated Plant Growth substances management system. Mycorrhizal fungi are used in conventional agriculture to improve crop production and productivity.Methods: A pot culture was performed at Botanical Garden of School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University Gwalior to examine the effect of Glomus hoi on growth and certain biochemical parameters. Plants were raised in triplicates for different mycorrhizal species through the pot culture, containing sterile soil. Plastic pots of 18” × 12”size were used for this purpose. Pots were placed at a sunny place after the seed sowing. And after the seed germination, plants were irrigated as when requiredResults: After germination the inoculated plants along with their controls were be sampled at 30, 60 and 90 days. During sampling it was found that due to AMF symbiosis all growth and biochemical parameters like plant were increased in all AMF treated plants.

scholarly journals Investigating the factors that affect the adoption of organic agriculture in Asokwa, Kumasi Metropolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Y. Adusei
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Organic Vegetable Production ◽  
Organic Produce ◽  
Agriculture Systems ◽  
Depth Interviews

Urban agriculture, particularly organic vegetable production is promoted because of its contribution to food security and enhanced income.  More so, organic agriculture considerably enhances the income of urban farmers who practice it. The objective was to investigate the factors that affect farmers' decision to adopt organic agriculture. Due to the contamination of vegetables with conventional agriculture systems, increasing concerns about the quality of food, the health of consumers and the environmental impacts of farming systems, organic agriculture is being promoted by the Ministry of Food and Agriculture as a means of addressing the problem. Since the introduction of organic agriculture, some farmers have adopted the technology while others have not. Sixteen farmers were selected, ten from those adopting and six from those not adopting. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to extract data from the participants. For those who adopted, the knowledge of their parents and forefathers on agriculture and their personal experiences by comparing their organic produce with conventional ones greatly inspired their decision on adoption. Factors leading to non-adoption are: inadequate awareness about organic farming, difficulty in controlling pests, diseases and improving soil fertility and perceived lack of market for the organic vegetables. As a result, effective extension monitoring and training are recommended to enhance the adoption and sustainability of organic agriculture. 

New Technologies and Approaches for Weed Management in Sustainable Agriculture Systems

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Wyse
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Agriculture Systems

Weed science has a long history of solving weed management problems for farmers. Over the last four decades most of the solutions to weed problems have been based on herbicide technology. Thus, most crop production systems in the United States rely heavily on herbicides as the primary method of weed management. During the last decade environmentalists, farmers, agricultural scientists, policy makers, and the general public have begun to question the long-term sustainability of conventional farming systems. The sustainability of these systems is being questioned because of environmental, social, and economic concerns caused by global competition, cost of production, soil erosion, water pollution, and concern over the quality of rural life. Weeds are the major deterrent to the development of more sustainable agriculture systems. Since weeds dictate most of the crop production practices (e.g., tillage, herbicides, cultivation, row spacing) weed scientists must become the leaders of collaborative integrated approaches to agriculture systems research. New crop production systems must be developed that are less destructive to the environment, are profitable, conserve energy, and support rural community development. The goal is to facilitate the development of ecologically based alternative methods of weed management that will support crop production systems that require less tillage and herbicide inputs. To accomplish this goal, research efforts must be radically expanded in weed/crop ecology and in the development of ecologically based technologies for weed management.

scholarly journals Benefits of Windbreaks for Florida Growers

EDIS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Andreu ◽  
Bijay Tamang ◽  
Melissa H. Friedman ◽  
Donald L. Rockwood
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Agriculture Systems

FOR-192, a 5-page illustrated fact sheet by Michael G. Andreu, Bijay Tamang, Melissa H. Friedman, and Don Rockwood, focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of living windbreaks for improving crop production and enhancing conservation activities in sustainable agriculture systems. Includes references. Published by the UF School of Forest Resources and Conservation, July 2008. FOR192/FR253: The Benefits of Windbreaks for Florida Growers (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Principles, Positives and Limitations of Conservation Agriculture: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Swaminathan ◽  
E. Sobhana ◽  
P. Kannan ◽  
M. Mohammed Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Work Done

Lessons learnt from past experiences push for an alternate way of crop production. One such is Conservation agriculture (CA), which can be seen as a new way forward for conserving resources and enhancing productivity to achieve goals of sustainable agriculture. In recent past, progressive and significant efforts are made to develop, refine and disseminate conservation-based agricultural technologies across globe. Tremendous efforts on zero-till practices and surface management with crop residues for crop production were reviewed. This work was done at Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai -625 104, Tamil Nadu, India. A systematic cum integrative review of research work done in different parts of World, particularly in India was comprehended. Literature search was done during 2020. About 200 review and research papers were screened from various databases like TNAU e-library, ARCC journals, Google Scholar, Research gate and Scopus and 84 papers were used. This review article comprehensively documents major principles of CA along with extent and spread of CA across the globe. It also highlights CA in Indian perspective. Various merits and demerits were also discussed with literature support. This review paper discusses rising concerns of conventional agriculture systems with regard to its adoption, positives and negatives of conservation agriculture in promoting conservation agriculture in tropics.

scholarly journals Mountain Farming Systems’ Exposure and Sensitivity to Climate Change and Variability: Agroforestry and Conventional Agriculture Systems Compared in Ecuador’s Indigenous Territory of Kayambi People

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2623
Author(s):  
Raúl Córdova ◽  
Nicholas J. Hogarth ◽  
Markku Kanninen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Agriculture Systems

Smallholder farming is considered one of the most vulnerable sectors to the impacts of climate change, variability, and extremes, especially in the developing world. This high vulnerability is due to the socioeconomic limitations and high environmental sensitivity which affect the biophysical and socioeconomic components of their farming systems. Therefore, systems’ functionality and farmers’ livelihoods will also be affected, with significant implications for global food security, land-use/land-cover change processes and agrobiodiversity conservation. Thus, less vulnerable and more resilient smallholder farming systems constitute an important requisite for sustainable land management and to safeguard the livelihoods of millions of rural and urban households. This study compares a comprehensive socioeconomic and environmental dataset collected in 2015–2016 based on household interviews of 30 farmers of highland agroforestry systems and 30 farmers of conventional agriculture systems, to determine which system provides better opportunities to reduce exposure and sensitivity. A modified Climate Change Questionnaire Version 2 of the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT) was applied to collect the data. The interview data are based on the perceptions of Kayambi indigenous farmers about the levels of exposure and sensitivity of their farming systems during the last decade. Descriptive statistics were applied to analyze the data from the 60 farms. Results indicate that both agroforesters and conventional farmers clearly perceived increases in temperature and reductions in precipitation for the last decade, and expected this trend to continue in the next decade. Furthermore, conventional farmers perceived greater exposure to droughts (20%), solar radiation (43%), and pests, weeds and disease outbreaks (40%) than agroforesters. Additionally, results emphasize the better ability of agroforestry systems to reduce exposure and sensitivity to climate change and variability. These findings support the well-known assumptions about the key role played by agroforestry systems for climate change adaptation and mitigation, especially in developing countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document