scholarly journals GLANDULAR TRICHOME IN THE ASTERACEAE FAMILY

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
Wina Dyah Puspita Sari ◽  
Cicik Suriani ◽  
Dina Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Glandular Trichome ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Diverse Plant Species ◽  
Leaf Trichome ◽  
Asteraceae Family

The Asteraceae is a diverse plant species and widely distributed, especially in the tropics and subtropics, consisting of 1,600 - 1,700 genera which include 24,000 - 30,000  species. Asteraceae has characteristics of cup flowers and brackets that are not owned by other plants. The objective of this study was to determine the morphological structure of plants and escpecially the leaf glandular trichome in several species of Asteraceae. The research method used was a descriptive method, to describe and interpret the shape, structure and distribution of leaf trichome in the Asteraceae family. This study used eight species of the Asteraceae family, namely Elephantopus mollis, Bidens pilosa, Tithonia deversifolia, Tridax procumbens, Synedrella nodiflora, Eclipta prostrate, Sphagneticola trilobata and Ageratum conyzoides. The observation results of trichomes at 8 species by Scanning Electrone Microscope (SEM) was obtained varied forms of trichomes, both in shape and size. From the research, it was obtained that the forms of multicellular glandular trichome with various shapes, ranging in size from 50.6 µm - 831.9 µm.    

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman Suku Asteraceae Di Sekitar Danau Kalimpa’a Kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megawati Megawati ◽  
Samsurizal M. Sulaeman ◽  
Ramadhanil Pitopang
Keyword(s):  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora

Keanekaragaman Suku Asteraceae di Sekitar Danau Kalimpa’a Kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai September 2016. Tujuan menyediakan informasi mengenai keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan suku Asteraceae di sekitar Danau Kalimpa’a agar dapat menambah data ilmiah guna upaya konservasi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu teknik eksplorasi pada 7 titik lokasi penelitian. Identifikasi dilakukan di Laboratorium Biodiversitas Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNTAD. Tumbuhan Asteraceae di sekitar danau Kalimpa’a berjumlah 12 jenis, 12 genus dan 4 tribe, yaitu: Acmella paniculata, Adenostemma viscosum, Ageratum conyzoides, Austroeupatorium inulaefolium, Bidens pilosa, Dicrocephala bicolor, Eclipta prostrata, Erigeron sumatrensis, Galinsoga parviflora, Sonchus arvensis, Synedrella nodiflora, dan Youngia japonic

scholarly journals Chromosome numbers of some Asteraceae species from Universitas Indonesia Campus, Depok, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2079-2087
Author(s):  
ANDI SALAMAH ◽  
RIRIN OKTARINA ◽  
EKA AYU AMBARWATI ◽  
DWI FAUZIYAH PUTRI ◽  
ASTARI DWIRANTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
Elephantopus Scaber ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora

Salamah A, Oktarina R, Ambarwati EA, Putri DF, Dwiranti A, Andayani N. 2018. Chromosome numbers of some Asteraceae species from Universitas Indonesia Campus, Depok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2079-2087.  Asteraceae is the largest plant family, comprising of more than 1,600 genera and 23,000 species with a worldwide distribution. Many species of Asteraceae are found to be very significantly abundant in a range of habitats and are used as sources of medicines, food, forage, and other useful products. Many cytological studies have been carried out on Asteraceae. However, information about the chromosome numbers of Asteraceae in Indonesia is still very limited. In this study, the chromosome numbers of 15 species of Asteraceae found around the Universitas Indonesia campus were counted. For chromosomal preparations, the root/shoot tips were pretreated with 2 mM 8-hydroxyquinoline, stained with aceto-orcein, prepared using the squash method, and then observed with a microscope. Of the 15 species, 12 showed variation in chromosome numbers: Cosmos caudatus, Elephantopus scaber, Tridax procumbens, Mikania micrantha, Sphagneticola trilobata, Ageratum conyzoides, Cyanthillium cinereum, Chromolaena odorata, Synedrella nodiflora, Youngia japonica, Eclipta prostrata, and Porophyllum ruderale. The other three species showed no variation in chromosome number: Emilia sonchifolia (2n=10), Sonchus arvensis (2n=18), and Cosmos sulphureus (2n=24). We also found new variations in chromosome numbers that have not yet been listed in the Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (IPCN).

Pengaruh Campuran Herbisida Atrazin 500 g/l dan Mesotrion 50 g/l Terhadap Pertumbuhan Beberapa Jenis Gulma Serta Hasil Jagung (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Uum Umiyati ◽  
Dedi Widayat ◽  
Denny Kurniadie ◽  
Reza Yudha Fadillah ◽  
Deden Deden
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora

Gulma sebagai kompetitor bagi tanaman jagung dalam memanfaatkan unsur hara, air, cahaya dan ruang tumbuh.  Pengendalian gulma menggunakan herbisida sangat diminati oleh petani karena lebih efektif dan efisien dalam mengendalikan gulma. Herbisida yang digunakan untuk mengendalikan gulma dipertanaman jagung adalah herbisida campuran Atrazin 500 g/l + Mesotrion 50 g/l. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh herbisida campuran Atrazin 500 g/l + Mesotrion 50 g/l terhadap pertumbuhan gulma pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan September 2018 sampai Januari 2019 di kebun percobaan Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Rancangan yang digunakan pada percobaan ini Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 (enam) perlakuan dan 4 (empat) ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah A). Herbisida campuran Atrazin 500 g/l dan Mesotrion 50 g/l dosis 1,50 l/ha, B). Dosis 2,0 l/ha, C). Dosis 2,50 l/ha, D). Dosis 3,0 l/ha, E). Penyiangan manual, F). Kontrol. Perbedaan antar perlakuan diuji dengan menggunakan uji F, sedangkan untuk menguji nilai rata-rata perlakuan digunakan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan taraf nyata 5%. Herbisida campuran Atrazin 500 g/l + Mesotrion 50 g/l dengan dosis 1,5 l/ha - 3,0 l/ha  mampu menekan pertumbuhan gulma  Ageratum conyzoides; Richardia brasiliensis; Synedrella nodiflora dan gulma lainnya.serta tidak menimbulkan keracunan terhadap tanaman jagung. Pada Dosis 3,0 l/ha hasil tanaman jagung tertinggi sebesar 152,52 gram /petak. Kata Kunci : herbisida, jagung, gulma

scholarly journals Cargas polínicas en entomofauna visitante floral de Persea americana (Lauraceae) cv. Hass

Caldasia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Diana Carabali-Banguero ◽  
James Montoya-Lerma ◽  
Arturo Carabalí-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Persea Americana ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Tridax Procumbens

El análisis de las cargas de polen de los insectos visitantes florales del aguacate Hass es un método que permite determinar la importancia de estas especies en planes de manejo de la polinización del cultivo y elucidar el uso de hábitat e importancia de la flora en el sostenimiento de estas especies. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar mediante un análisis polínico en los insectos visitantes florales las especies vegetales que visitan con mayor frecuencia. El estudio se realizó en dos huertos de Morales (Cauca, Colombia), durante dos periodos de floración. Se recolectaron manualmente los insectos visitantes florales y se obtuvieron muestras del polen en sus cuerpos. Se extrajo la carga polínica de las cinco especies más frecuentes durante el muestreo. El análisis palinológico mostró que los visitantes florales no limitan su visita a un recurso específico como el polen de aguacate Hass, sino que utilizan diferentes especies en el agroecosistema y sus alrededores. Los insectos transportan polen de 18 familias botánicas, siendo las plantas Bidens pilosa, Tridax procumbens, Emilia fosbergii, Brachiaria sp., y Mikania sp. importantes como flora polinífera. El estudio revela la importancia de preservar la diversidad de especies que, con su carga polínica, garanticen la óptima polinización de las flores.

scholarly journals Seeds of weeds as an alternative host of phytopathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Flores de Oliveira ◽  
Patricia Resplandes Rocha dos Santos ◽  
Gil Rodrigues dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Alternative Host ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Sida Rhombifolia

ABSTRACT: Weeds compete with agricultural crops for water, light, nutrients and space, besides having an extensive seed bank. However, another aspect to be considered relates to few studies pointing out weeds as hosts of phytopathogenic fungi. Many fungi, the main cause of diseases in plants, are known to use seeds as an efficient means of survival and dispersal. The objective of this work was to evaluate the health of weed seeds and the pathogenicity of fungi associated to plants of agricultural importance. The seeds were collected manually in Cerrado areas located in the municipality of Gurupi, Tocatins, Brazil. The blotter test method was used to evaluate seed health. The incidence of fungi was evaluated through an individual analysis of seeds using a stereoscopic and an optical microscope. The pathogenicity of fungi from weed seeds was evaluated by inoculation in plants of agronomic interest and, when pathogenic, we inoculated them in the host plant of the fungus. Weed seeds have been identified in fungi of the genus Alternaria, Aspergillus, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Nigrospora, Papularia, Rhizopus and Pythium. The seeds of Acanthospermum australe, Bidens pilosa, Cenchrus echinatus, Digitaria horizontalis, Echinochloa crus-pavonis, Eleusine indica, Ipomoea sp., Pennisetum setosum, Sida rhombifolia, Spermacoce latifolia, Tridax procumbens and Vernonia polyanthes carry and disseminate fungi that, once inoculated, cause infection in plants of agricultural importance, such as Oryza sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays and Glycine max.

scholarly journals Host plants of root-knot nematodes

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (0) ◽  
pp. 527-530
Author(s):  
Luiz Gonzaga E. Lordello ◽  
Luiz Carlos Fazuoli ◽  
Condorcet Aranha ◽  
Rubens R.A. Lordello
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Solanum Americanum

Root-knot nematodes were found attacking Coffea spp. and also roots of a few weed species usually found in the coffee orchards in São Paulo. C. arabica cv. Catuaí, C. arabica cv. Mundo Novo, Timor Hybrid and a few plants of C. racemosa showed to be susceptible to Meloidogyne exigua. Roots of Ageratum conyzoides, Amaranthus viridis, Bidens pilosa, Coffea arabica cv. Mundo Novo, Coffea racemosa, Commelina virginica, Digitaria sanguinalis, Galinsoga parviflora, Gnaphalium spathulatum, Porophyllum ruderale, Portulaca oleracea, Pterocaulon virgatum and Solanum americanum were disfigured by M. incognita M. arenaria was found attacking roots of Eleusine indica and Gnaphalium spathulatum, and the presence of an unidentified Meloidogyne species was verified in roots of the following species: Vernonia ferruginea, C. arabica x C. canephora, Eupatorium pauciflorum, Coffea canephora cv. Kouillou, Coffea eugenioides, Coffea racemosa, Coffea stenophylla, Euphorbia pilullifera, Solanum americanum, Ageratum conyzoides, Phyllanthus corcovadensis, and Emilia sagittata.

scholarly journals KEPARAHAN PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA PADA CABAI (Capsicum annuum L) DAN BERBAGAI JENIS GULMA

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Hayu Herwidyarti ◽  
Suskandini Ratih ◽  
Dad Resiworo Jekti Sembodo
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Colletotrichum Capsici ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Paspalum Distichum ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora ◽  
Cleome Rutidosperma

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung dan di lahan cabai di Kecamatan Kemiling, Kelurahan Langkapura Bandar Lampung pada bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2012. Penelitian ini disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari (a) cabai, (b) Cleome rutidosperma, (c) Cyperus kyllingia, (d) Synedrella nodiflora, (e) Paspalum distichum, dan (f) Ageratum conyzoides yang diinokulasi dengan jamur Colletotrichum capsici pada saat tingginya berkisar antara 9-12 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Keparahan penyakit antraknosa berbeda-beda, pada cabai 0,3% hingga 44,0% %, Cleome rutidosperma sebesar 7,5% hingga 51,0%, Cyperus kyllingia dan Paspalum distichum 0%, Synedrella nodiflora 9,3% hingga 47,0%. dan Ageratum conyzoides 12,8% menjadi 9,1%, (2) Masa inkubasi jamur Colletotrichum capsici berbeda-beda yaitu tersingkat pada gulma Cyperus kyllingia (0 hari), dan masa inkubasi terpanjang pada dan Paspalum conjugatum (27 hari). Pertumbuhan tinggi dan persentase jumlah daun tanaman cabai dan gulma yang diinokulasi dengan Colletotrichum capsici berbeda-beda dari minggu ke- 1 hingga minggu ke- 4. Pertumbuhan paling tinggi terjadi pada gulma Ageratum conyzoides sedangkan pertumbuhan terendah terjadi pada gulma Cleome rutidosperma. Persentase jumlah daun sakit paling besar adalah pada cabai dan Persentase jumlah daun paling kecil pada Cyperus kyllingia.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of Artemisia Dubia Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Some Weeds and Winter Crops

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Baby Babita Das Mallik ◽  
BD Acharya ◽  
M Saquib ◽  
MK Chettri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Artemisia Dubia

Allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of different plant parts (root, stem and leaf) of Artemisia dubia on seed germination and seedling growth of two winter crops (Triticum aestivum and Brassica campestries, and some associated weeds (Bidens pilosa, Ageratum conyzoides, Galinsoga parviflora and Cyperus rotundus) have been investigated in the present study. Extracts of root, stem and leaves of Artemisia dubia showed significant reduction in germination and seedling growth of test crops and weeds. Germination of crop and weed seeds and growth of shoot and root were reduced significantly in test treatments in comparison to the control. The seed germination, shoot length and root length were low at higher concentration. Complete inhibition of seed germination of Ageratum conyzoides, Galinsoga parviflora and Cyperus rotundus at 5 and 10% leaf extract of A.dubia was observed. Allelopathic effects were more pronounced with leaf extract than root or stem extract in most cases.The result indicated difference in allelopathic effect on crop seed and weed seed at higher concentrations. ECOPRINT 21: 23-30, 2014DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v21i0.11901

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization Status in Selected Alien Invasive Plants of Asteraceae

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
M.C. Freddy Vanlalmuana ◽  
◽  
Lalmuan puia ◽  
Kripamoy Chakraborty ◽  
R. Lalfakzuala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Alien Invasive Plants

Invasive alien plants tend to grow much faster than non-invasive plants. The colonization by AM fungi is confirmed by the presence of mycorrhizal structures in the roots of invasive plants. The pattern of hyphae and arbuscules denotes Arum and Paris type of AM fungal morphology. The most common and abundant invasive plants from Asteraceae family were selected for the study. Ageratum conyzoides, Mikania micrantha, Ageratum haustonianum and Bidens Pilosa were selected and eventually showed that they have a high percentage of mycorrhizal colonization. Arum type of morphology is found in three of the plant species and Paris type of morphology is found in one of the species. The extent of AM fungal colonization is fairly high ranging from 60% to 90% among the studied plants. The percentage of arbuscular colonization is highest in Bidens pilosa and the percentage of vesicle and hyphal colonization is highest in Ageratum conyzoides.

JENIS-JENIS GULMA YANG TERDAPAT DI PERKEBUNAN KOPI DI DESA TERAS TERUNJAM KABUPATEN MUKOMUKO

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriyani Andriyani
Keyword(s):  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Phyllanthus Urinaria ◽  
The Family ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora

This study aims to determine types of weed existing on coffee plantations in Teras TerunjamVillage of Mukomuko. This research has been conducted from 8 February to 8 March 2018 in Teras Terunjam Village. Sampling is done by using the cruising sampling method on coffee plantation area of 2 ha, and all of them are made as research field. The results showed that the existing weeds in coffee plantations are consisted of 16 species and 12 families. The study found that the family of Amaranthaceae has 1 species (Amaranthus spinosus L), family of Apiaceae 1 species (Centella asiatica), the family of Asteraceae 3 species (Ageratum conyzoides, Mikania micrantha, and Synedrella nodiflora L.), the family of Euphorbiaceae 1 species (Euphorbia hirta L.), the family of Fabaceae 1 species (Mimosa pudica), the family of Cyperaceae 1 species (Cyperus rotundus), the family of Melastomataceae 2 species (Clidemia hirta and Melastoma affine), the family of Phyllanthaceae 1 species (Phyllanthus urinaria), family of Poaceae 2 species (Imperata cylindrica, and Lophatherum gracile ), Rubiaceae family 1 species (Borerria alata), Solanaceae 1 species family (Physalis angulate L.), Verbenaceae family 1 species (Stachytarpeta jamaicensis). In addition, from the existing 16 species, the most commonly weeds found are from the family of Asteraceae, Melastomataceae, and Poaceae. Keywords: Weeds, Plantations, Coffee, Types, Teras Terunjam Village.

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