scholarly journals Phenotypic Similarities and Differences of Genetic Characteristic Boer and PE Goat Yield Crossbreeding 1st and 2nd Generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Rosidi Azis ◽  
Gatot Ciptadi ◽  
S. Suyadi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Genetic Characteristic ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Significant Similarity ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
2Nd Generation ◽  
Body Conformation ◽  
Total Progeny

This research aimed to analyze the phenotypic similarity and genetic characteristics of 1st and 2nd generation (G1 and G2) goat of Boer and PE goat yield crossbreeding. The number of offsprings of G1 and G2 was46 and 28 goats, respectively. Data analysis of phenotypic characteristics was estimated by calculating the opportunities of the number of the appearance of G1 and G2 offspring. The result showed that the percentages of the G2 of  W11 similarity (67.86%) more significant than G1 (26.09%).  The W21was the G1 (45.65%) higher than G2 (10.71%), and W31 was G1 (28.26%) higher than G2 (21.43%). It concluded that G2 had phenotypic similarities of the characteristic (color) in total progeny. The G2 goat displays the phenotypic characters of inheritance (color)patterns that had more significant similarity than the results of the G1, as well as similarities in morphological characters that were different from the G1. The characteristics (colors) in the G2 had dark brown head color greater than G1, and body conformation approaches to Boer goat. Other colors like light brown, plain white, black, and straight black on G1 greater than G2.

Study of Six Varieties of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and their Morphological Variations

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Rajni Rawat ◽  
K. Negi ◽  
Puran Mehta ◽  
Vandana Tiwari ◽  
S. Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Tropical Asia ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
The Comparative Study

Sweet basil is an incredible herb, used both as a classic culinary and ornamental herb of Home Gardens. The genus Ocimum contains approximately 65 species of herbs and shrubs originated in tropical Asia. It has a strong medicinal use and it is very high in vitamins and minerals. The present study holds 6 varieties of Ocimum basilicum L. consisting of 29 accessions were procured from National Gene Bank, New Delhi. These accessions were grown in the Kharif seasons of 2014-15 at ICAR-NBPGR Regional Station, Bhowali, Nainital Uttarakhand for analysing of their quantitative and qualitative or phenotypic characters for identification of superior genotypes. The comparative study of Ocimum spp. was examined to assess the variability of qualitative and quantitative morphological characters using standardized description present among 30 accessions of 6 varieties of Ocimum basilicum L. (Sweet Basil).

scholarly journals Karakteristik Fenotipik dan Pengelompokan Jagung Pulut Hibrida Zea mays L. Hasil Persilangan Puncak

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhriah Juhriah ◽  
Muhammad Azrai ◽  
Elis Tambaru ◽  
Jum Eka Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Waxy Corn

This research is the phenotypic characteristics and grouping of hybrid waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross had been carried out in the experimental plant Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI) in Maros South Sulawesi. This research aims to determine the phenotypic characters of the hybrid of waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross and grouping based on its phenotypic characteristics. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) with 17 th treatments (corn strains) and three replications. Waxy corn strains used were: URI 1 (G8), G8G1, G8G2, G8G3, G8G4, G8G5, G8G6, G8G7, Soppeng (G10), G10G1, G10G2, G10G3, G10G4, G10G5, G10G6, G10G7, and Paramitha.. All data (qualitative and quantitative) are arranged in binary tables and grouped using the NTSYST program. The observations show that the data obtained comes from 14 quantitative characters and 17 qualitative characters. Quantitative data from 14 characters were tested and the results of 10 characters were significantly different and the other 4 were not significantly different. The grouping results show that the 17 corn strains studied formed 3 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.76. Soppeng's corn is different from the others.

scholarly journals Taxonomy confirmation of Puntius cf. binotatus from Gunung Tujuh Lake, Jambi, Indonesia based on Cytochrome Oxidase-I (COI) gene

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
DEWI IMELDA ROESMA ◽  
DJONG HON TJONG ◽  
WILA KARLINA ◽  
DYTA RABBANI AIDIL
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase I ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Subspecies Level ◽  
West Sumatra

Roesma D. I, Tjong D. H, Karlina W, Aidil D. R. 2019. Taxonomy confirmation of Puntius cf. binotatus from Gunung Tujuh Lake based on Cytochrome Oxidase-I (COI) gene. Biodiversitas 20: 54-60. The population of Puntius cf. binotatus Gunung Tujuh Lake in considered as an isolated population which found in the 20-30 meters depth under the water Gunung Tujuh Lake, Sumatra Island. The species often exhibit different phenotypic characters and may genetic characters may also different due to their response to habitat/ecological conditions. Previous study on P. binotatus from several locations in West Sumatra showed the complexity of the genetic and morphological characters. A molecular study using COI gene of P. cf. binotatus from Gunung Tujuh Lake in Sumatera has been conducted to determine the taxonomic status of the fish. The distinct morphological characters of Puntius cf. binotatus is one black spot in the middle of the caudal and the absent of black spot on the base of the anterior dorsal ray. The analysis on COI gene showed that the range of sequence divergences between P. cf. binotatus Gunung Tujuh Lake and other Sumatra P. cf. binotatus is 3.1-7.6% and 4.1% to Barbodes banksi. This value represents the differences at the subspecies level of Barbodes banksi. Therefore Barbodes banksi gunungtujuh is proposed as an appropriate name to P. cf. binotatus Gunung Tujuh Lake.

A Biogeographical Analysis of the Tasmanian Endemic Ptunarra Brown Butterfly, Oreixenica ptunarra Couchman (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae : Satyrinae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. McQuillan ◽  
C. J. Ek
Keyword(s):  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
North West ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
The North ◽  
Tasmanian Endemic

Considerable geographic variation occurs in the Tasmanian endemic butterfly, Oreixenica ptunarra, and there is a high correlation between clusters of morphological characters and ecological factors, especially climate and elevation. Evidence is presented for the existence of a longitudinal cline in phenotypic characters of wing pattern and size, which is unrelated to the modest amount of variation in the male genitalia (a possible surrogate for genetic variability). Butterflies from warmer, less cloudy eastern Tasmania are larger and less dark in colour than those from the west, culminating in the small dark populations of the north-west. This suggests selection for efficiency in thermoregulation as climatic conditions become more marginal for adult activity from east to west. The prevailing subspecies classification does not fully reflect the range of variation in this species. Conservation strategies that aim to guarantee the survival of the collective phenotype of O. ptunarra based on this taxonomy are therefore misinformed. The north-west populations are disjunct geographically and in features of phenotype, but are not especially discrete in the morphology of the male genitalia. We propose that the subspecies angeli Couchman and roonina Couchman be reduced to synonymy with nominotypical ptunarra Couchman, and a new subspecies should be recognised to incorporate populations from the montane grasslands of north-western Tasmania.

scholarly journals Karakter Morfologis dan Genetik Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus spp.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Achmad ◽  
E N Herliyana ◽  
I Z Siregar ◽  
O Permana
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Body ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
The Third ◽  
Molecular Microbiology ◽  
Group I ◽  
Molecular Grouping ◽  
Genetic Characters

Hutan tropis Indonesia merupakan salah satu pusat keanekaragaman hayati di dunia, yang salah satu di antaranya ialah jamur tiram (Pleurotus spp.). Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari karakteristik morfologi dan genetik delapan isolat Pleurotus spp.. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2005 sampai April 2006 di Laboratorium Patologi Hutan dan Lab. Silvikultur, serta Lab. Bioteknologi Kehutanan dan Mikrobiologi Molekuler, Pusat Studi Hayati, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Tubuh buah delapan isolat jamur digunakan sebagai bahan pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tubuh buah delapan isolat jamur memiliki warna putih, coklat, atau merah jambu, dengan atau tanpa tangkai, bentuk tudung berupa lingkaran penuh atau setengah lingkaran. Amplifikasi dengan primer RAPD OPO11 menghasilkan 12 pita, satu pita bersifat monomorfik dan 11 pita lainnya bersifat polimorfik yang menunjukkan keragaman pada delapan isolat jamur tiram yang dipelajari. Pengelompokan berdasarkan pola pita amplifikasi primer RAPD tersebut menghasilkan tiga kelompok isolat. Kelompok I terdiri atas isolat Pleurotus sp.17, Pleurotus sp.16, Pleurotus sp.21, Pleurotus sp.27, dan Pleurotus sp.9, kelompok II terdiri atas isolat Pleurotus sp.4 dan Pleurotus sp.5, serta kelompok III yang hanya berisi satu isolat yaitu Pleurotus sp.24. Pengelompokan berdasarkan marka RAPD tersebut sejalan dengan karakteristik morfologinya. Informasi mengenai karakter morfologis dan genetik jamur tiram diharapkan akan bermanfaat untuk pengembangannya sebagai komoditas jamur komersial.<br /><br />Indonesian rainforest is one of the world’s centers of biodiversity, which one of them is the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.). This research was aimed to determine the morphological and genetic characteristics of eight isolates of Pleurotus spp.. The research was conducted from September 2005 to April 2006 at  Forestry Pathology Laboratirum and Silvyculture Lab., and Forestry Biotechnology Lab. and Molecular Microbiology, Center of Biology Study, Agricultural Bogor Institute. The mushroom fruit body of the eight isolates was used as the material for observation of morphological and genetic characters. The results showed that the fruit body of eight isolates exhibited white, brown, or pink in color, with or without stalk, and full or half circle of cap shape. Amplification with RAPD primers OPO11 produced 12 bands, which one band was monomorphic while the others were polymorphic that showed the variability of the eight oyster mushroom isolates. Clustering based on banding patterns of amplification primers resulted in three groups. Group I consisted of Pleurotus sp.17, Pleurotus sp.16, Pleurotus sp.21, Pleurotus sp.27, and Pleurotus sp.9 isolates. Group II included Pleurotus sp.4 and Pleurotus sp.5 isolates, while the third group contained only one isolate i.e. Pleurotus sp.24. The molecular grouping was in line with the morphological characters. Information of morphological and genetic characteristics will hopefully give benefit for the development of the oyster mushroom as one of the commercial commodities.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Identification of interspecific hybrid between Jatropha curcas × J. integerrima using morphological and molecular markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
DARMAWAN SAPTADI ◽  
NUR ASBANI ◽  
BAMBANG HELIYANTO ◽  
ASEP SETIAWAN ◽  
SUDARSONO
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Rapd Primer ◽  
Ssr Primers

Abstract. Saptadi D, Asbani N, Heliyanto B, Setiawan A, Sudarsono. 2020. Identification of interspecific hybrid between Jatropha curcas x J. integerrima using morphological and molecular markers. Biodiversitas 21: 814-823. Eight F1 progenies derived from Jatropha curcas × J. integerrima hybridizations were evaluated for their morphological characters and using RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers. Morphological variations among the hybrids were limited and they were intermediate between the Jatropha parents. The eight F1 progenies derived from J. curcas × J. integerrima hybridizations were most probably the interspecific F1 hybrids. The confirmed identity of the progenies as interspecific hybrids between J. curcas × J. integerrima was based on the presence of several phenotypic characters from both parents in the F1 progenies and by similarity of the molecular marker banding patterns among the parents and the F1 progenies. Among the evaluated molecular markers, the ISSR primers and the majority of either RAPD and SSR primers were not able to generate marker for confirming the identity of F1 progenies as interspecific hybrids between J. curcas × J. integerrima. However, the RAPD primer OPC 10 and the SSR primers AF469003, EU099522 and EU586348 were able to generate polymorphic markers in the Jatropha parents and their F1 progenies. Therefore, these four primers were able to generate usable markers for confirming the identity of F1 progenies as interspecific hybrids between J. curcas × J. integerrima. The evaluated interspecific F1 progenies are potentially useful to increase genetic diversity of J. curcas and support its breeding program.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Variability and Genetic Diversity in a Pinus koraiensis Clonal Trial in Northeastern China

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
David Kombi Kaviriri ◽  
Qinhui Zhang ◽  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Luping Jiang ◽  
Jinpeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Pinus Koraiensis ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Phenotypic Trait ◽  
P Value ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Characteristics

Combining phenotypic and genetic characteristics in a genetic variation study is of paramount importance to effectively orient the selection of producers’ elite trees in a seed orchard. In total, 28 phenotypic characteristics and 16 microsatellite loci were used to analyze the clonal genetic variation, to characterize the genetic diversity, and to refine the genetic classifications of 110 Pinus koraiensis clones grown in the Naozhi orchard in northeastern China. All clones were significantly different in most traits. Most of the phenotypic characteristics showed great genetic variation among clones, while the genotypic differentiation was weak between the selection sites of clones. The SSR markers showed a relatively high level of genetic diversity (Na = 4.67 ± 0.43, Ne = 2.916 ± 0.18, I = 1.15 ± 0.07, Ho = 0.69 ± 0.04, He = 0.62 ± 0.02, and mean polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.574), with higher heterozygosity as an indication of a lower probability of inbreeding events in the orchard. Despite weak correlation coefficients between dissimilarity matrices (r(A/B), range equal to 0.022, p-value < 0.001), the genetic and phenotypic classifications congruently subdivided all the clones into three major groups. The patterns of phenotypic trait variations and genetic diversity are valuable to effectively select materials in breeding programs of P. koraiensis.

scholarly journals Separation among Species of Mycobacterium terrae Complex by Lipid Analyses: Comparison with Biochemical Tests and 16S rRNA Sequencing

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirjo Torkko ◽  
Merja Suutari ◽  
Sini Suomalainen ◽  
Lars Paulin ◽  
Lennart Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Mycolic Acid ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Alcohols ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Genetic Characteristics

Fatty acids, alcohols, and mycolic acid cleavage products were determined for 13 ATCC strains and 24 clinical isolates, which were initially identified by biochemical and growth characteristics as theMycobacterium terrae complex. The clinical isolates were also analyzed by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, which divided them into five genetic entities, M. triviale (three strains), M. terrae (four strains), M. nonchromogenicum sensu stricto (seven strains),Mycobacterium sp. strain MCRO 6 (seven strains), andMycobacterium sp. strain 31958 (one strain). After acidic methanolysis, secondary alcohols were a characteristic feature in all members of the M. terrae complex but M. triviale. In addition to the prominent secondary alcohols, 2-octadecanol and 2-eicosanol, two previously unidentified alcohols, 2-(8,15-dimethyl)docosenol and 2-(8,17-dimethyl)tetracosenol, were detected in M. nonchromogenicum, Mycobacteriumsp. strain MCRO 6, and Mycobacterium sp. strain 31958. Only 2-(8,17-dimethyl)tetracosenol was detected in trace amounts in M. terrae. Genetic differences were associated with differences in phenotypic characteristics, including growth at 42°C and pyrazinamidase production. Based on fatty acid and alcohol composition and biochemical and genetic characteristics, M. nonchromogenicum and Mycobacterium sp. strains MCRO 6 and 31958 were found to be a closely related group, named the M. nonchromogenicum complex. Detected genetic variations associated with phenotypic characteristics may indicate further species separation of this complex. In conclusion, the results of gas-liquid chromatography fatty acid analysis, combined with those of a Tween 80 test, enable identification of the species of the M. terraecomplex and their separation from other nonpigmented slowly growing mycobacteria.

scholarly journals Morphological, Physiological and Genetic Characteristics of Populations of the Main Plague Host Rhombomys opimus Licht., 1823 in the Central Asian Desert Natural Focus of Plague

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 139-143
Author(s):  
S. T. Nurtazin ◽  
A. B. Shevtsov ◽  
V. B. Lutsa ◽  
E. M. Ramankulov ◽  
Z. Z. Sayakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Great Gerbil ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Rhombomys Opimus ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Large Clusters

Revealed by morphological characters, physiological status, and genetic diversity of populations of the main plague host Rhombomys opimus Licht., 1823 in Central Asia desert natural focus is described.Differences in the skull parameters of R. opimus from different populations were revealed. It’s shown that gerbils from Moyunkum are separate autonomous populations group. Samples from Moyunkum and Mangyshlak differed from other samples. In Balkhash-Alakol depression found two regional complexes: Pre-Balkhash and Dzungarian.Study results of free amino acids level in R. opimus blood serum obtained by gas-liquid chromatography of blood sera from animals captured in different zones of Central Asian focus gave statistically significant differences. To determine genetic variability in ecological and geographical isolation of R. opimus populations the DNA was genotyped.DNA samples analysis combined the studied gerbil from the desert focus into four clusters with eighteen haplotypes. R. opimus sequence analysis taking into account data from territories of Iran, Kazakhstan and China, clustered into three large clusters. First cluster combined the sequences of Kazakhstan and China samples, while great gerbil captured in Kazakhstan is located in a separate treasure. Second and third clusters include sequences of a great gerbil captured in Iran.

Locomotor mimicry in butterflies? A critical review of the evidence

1995 ◽  
Vol 347 (1322) ◽  
pp. 413-425 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Predator Avoidance ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Phylogenetic Constraint ◽  
Ground Rule ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Relevant Variation ◽  
Related Morphology

The hypothesis of locomotor mimicry in butterflies presented by Srygley ( Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 343, 145—155 (1994)) is criticized as unparsimonious, from two perspectives. First, the existence of mimicry between palatable but unprofitable prey is disputed on theoretical and empirical grounds. The lack of a strong predator aversion stimulus seriously undermines the unprofitable prey scenario, and supposed cases of mimicry of unprofitable models are explicable by traditional mimetic modes. Second, correlations of phenotypic characters used to support alternative adaptive peaks for palatable and unpalatable butterflies are criticized for failing to account for phylogenetic relationships. Virtually all of the relevant variation in flight-related morphology is shown to be due to differences between clades, rather than mimicry groups. An alternative hypothesis emphasizing phylogenetic constraint in the evolution of morphological characters associated with predator avoidance is proposed. The ground rule — or perhaps doctrine would be a better term — is that adaptation is a special and onerous concept that should be used only where it is really necessary. When it must be recognized, it should be attributed to no higher a level of organization than is demanded by the evidence. In explaining adaptation, one should assume the adequacy of the simplest form of natural selection, that of alternate alleles in Mendelian populations, unless the evidence clearly shows that this theory does not suffice. G. C. Williams (1966, pp. 4—5).

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