Improving the development of flexibility of gymnasts 8-9 years old using the «stretching» program

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Alfiya Deineko ◽  
Irina Belenkaya
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Large Amplitude ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Joint Mobility ◽  
Muscle Elasticity ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Stretching Exercises

The article deals with the issues of improving the development of flexibility of gymnasts of 8-9 years old using the «stretching» program. The work shows that flexibility is an important component of sportsmanship in training gymnasts, since its insufficient development significantly complicates the process of formation of specific skills, coordination of movements, limits the possibility of manifestation and increase of strength and speed abilities, increases the likelihood of damage to muscles, tendons, joints. It was determined that the methods and techniques that help to maximize the use of stretching in order to increase the elasticity of the muscles of young gymnasts, improve the flexibility of their joints and minimize the risk of injury, are combined into a single stretching program. Stretching is a range of exercises designed to improve flexibility and mobility in the joints. Flexibility is one of the most important physical qualities that determines a person's ability to perform movements with a large amplitude. The main importance of stretching is the ability to lengthen muscle fibers by stretching, increase the range of motion in the joints, and accelerate the body's recovery after intense physical exertion. With correct (without jerking) slow stretching, the initial muscle contraction turns into relaxation. As a result of regular exercise, joint mobility and muscle elasticity increase. Stretching exercises perfectly relax muscles, improve their tone, supply oxygen, nutrients, and promote the elimination of toxins. According to the results of the study, it was found that the proposed complexes of exercises «stretching» programs contribute to an increase in the level of development of flexibility of gymnasts of 8-9 years old.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Maximal Range of Motion from Initial Sensation of Stretching to the Limits of Tolerance

2021 ◽  
pp. 492-499
Author(s):  
Serge P. von Duvillard ◽  
Luciana P. Carvalho ◽  
Sara A. Rodrigues ◽  
Christian E. Cabido ◽  
Gustavo H. Peixoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Posterior Thigh ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Maximum Range ◽  
Stretching Exercises

The aim of this study was to determine whether the first sensation of stretching (ROMFSS) may predict the maximum range of motion (ROMMAX) in male (N = 37) and female (N = 32) volunteer subjects, and to assess the reliability of the ROM perceived by subjects in relation to a pre-determined ROM (ROM50%). Subjects attempted three experimental sessions with 48 hours between sessions 1 and 2 and 28 days between sessions 1 and 3. Within each session, five trials were performed with isokinetic equipment to assess posterior thigh muscle flexibility. The results revealed a strong and significant correlation between ROMMAX and ROMFSS for both sexes, females (r = 0.96, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.92) and males (r = 0.91, p < 0.001; R2 = 0.82). The accuracy of the model verified by the standard error of estimate (SEE) was high in the equations proposed for both female (SEE = 4.53%) and male (SEE = 5.45%). Our results revealed that ROMFSS may predict the ROMMAX for both male and female subjects. The ROMFSS may contribute to the development of evaluation methods that do not subject the individuals to conditions that may include unnecessary risk of injury and is well suited to monitor the training process of stretching exercises with submaximal loads.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Virtual Reality and Visual Feedback on Balance and Leg Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arūnė Dūdaitė ◽  
Vilma Juodžbalienė
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Research background. Virtual reality and visual feedback improve motor performance, motor function and balance, so we want to fnd if it affects the function of legs and balance of children with spastic hemiplegia. Research aim was to establish if the use of virtual reality and visual feedback with traditional physiotherapy improve the function of legs and balance of children with cerebral palsy. Methods. Nine children with cerebral palsy participated in the research. Participants were randomly divided into two groups – virtual reality group (n = 6) and control (n = 3). Virtual reality group practised exergaming and stretching exercises for 10 weeks, twice a week. Control group practiced conventional physiotherapy and stretching exercises for 6 weeks, twice a week. We measured the range of motion of the lower limb, spasticity of the lower limb using Modifed Ashworth’o Scale, static, dynamic balance, trunk coordination using Trunk Impairment Scale at the start and the end of the research, and balance using Pediatric Balance Scale. Results. Virtual reality and visual feedback reduced the spasticity of the lower limb, improved balance and postural control for children with cerebral palsy, but it did not improve the range of motion of the lower limb of children with cerebral palsy. Conclusions. Virtual reality and visual feedback did not improve the range of motion of the lower limb of children with cerebral palsy. Virtual reality and visual feedback reduced spasticity of the lower limb, improved balance and postural control for children with cerebral palsy.Keywords. Cerebral palsy, virtual reality, visual feedback, postural control, muscle architecture.

scholarly journals Effect of mobilization on ankle mobility and balance performance in diabetic patients

Biomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
Albin Jerome ◽  
Karthikeyan Jeyabalan ◽  
Hoe Kean Keong ◽  
Gaurai Gharote
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Joint Mobility ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Ankle Plantar Flexion

Introduction and Aim: Diabetic Cheiroarthropathy is defined as the condition of restriction joint mobility due to pseudo-sclerodermatous hand, the fibrosis of the elastin connective tissues over the skin. It limits joint mobility especially around Tibia fibular mobility that are interrelated with the flexibility of ankle motion that results in the balance disorder in diabetic population. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of the tibia fibular mobilization technique on ankle joint in diabetes mellitus patients. Materials and Methods: 60 diabetic subjects were randomly assigned into experimental group and control, in which experimental group received Tibia fibular mobilization technique and conventional treatment whereas control group received only conventional treatment 1 time a week for 3 weeks. Results: There is no significant difference in Ankle dorsi flexion range of motion in both extremities but there is significant difference in ankle plantar flexion range of motion in both extremities and functional reach test in both extremities. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the ankle plantar flexion range of motion and functional reach test, Hence, mobilization of Tibiofibular joint will be beneficial in improving the ankle range of motion and balance factor in the diabetic population.  

A Biomechanical Comparison of the Fastball and Curveball in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1492-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl W. Nissen ◽  
Melany Westwell ◽  
Sylvia Õunpuu ◽  
Mausam Patel ◽  
Matthew Solomito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Bony Landmarks ◽  
Elbow Injuries ◽  
Baseball Pitchers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison

Background The incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries in adolescent baseball players is rapidly increasing. One leading theory about this increase is that breaking pitches (such as the curveball) place increased moments on the dominant arm and thereby increase the risk of injury. Hypothesis There is no difference in the moments at the shoulder and elbow between fastball and curveball pitches in adolescent baseball pitchers. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Thirty-three adolescent baseball pitchers with a minimum of 2 years of pitching experience underwent 3-dimensional motion analysis using reflective markers aligned to bony landmarks. After a warm-up, pitchers threw either a fastball or curveball, randomly assigned, from a portable pitching mound until 3 appropriate trials were collected for each pitch technique. Kinematic and kinetic data for the upper extremities, lower extremities, thorax, and pelvis were collected and computed for both pitch types. Statistical analysis included both the paired sample t test and mixed model regression. Results There were lower moments on the shoulder and elbow when throwing a curveball versus when throwing a fastball. As expected, speed for the 2 pitches differed: fastball, 65.8 ± 4.8 mph; and curveball, 57.7 ± 6.2 mph (P <. 001). Maximal glenohumeral internal rotation moment for the fastball was significantly higher than for the curveball (59.8 ± 16.5 N·m vs 53.9 ± 15.5 N·m; P <. 0001). Similarly, the maximum varus elbow moment for the fastball was significantly higher than for the curveball (59.6 ± 16.3 N·m vs 54.1 ± 16.1 N·m; P <. 001). The wrist flexor moment was greater in the fastball, 8.3 ± 3.6 N·m, than in the curveball, 7.8 ± 3.6 N·m (P <. 001), but the wrist ulnar moment was greater in the curveball, 4.9 ± 2.0 N·m, than in the fastball, 3.2 ± 1.5 N·m (P <. 001). Relatively minor motion differences were noted at the shoulder and elbow throughout the pitching motion, while significant differences were seen in forearm and wrist motion. The forearm remained more supinated at each point in the pitching cycle for the curveball but had less overall range of motion (62° ± 20°) than with the fastball (69° ± 17°) (P <. 001), and the difference in the forearm pronation and supination moment between the pitches was not significant (P =. 104 for pronation and P =. 447 for supination). The wrist remained in greater extension during the fastball from foot contact through ball release but did not have significantly different total sagittal range of motion (53° ± 11°) when compared with the curveball (54° ± 15°) (P =. 91). Conclusion In general, the moments on the shoulder and elbow were less when throwing a curveball than when throwing a fastball. In each comparison, the fastball demonstrated higher moments for each individual pitcher for both joints. Clinical Relevance The findings based on the kinematic and kinetic data in this study suggest that the rising incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries in pitchers may not be caused by the curveball mechanics. Further evaluation of adolescent and adult baseball pitchers is warranted to help determine and subsequently reduce the risk of injury.

scholarly journals A practical guide to measuring ex vivo joint mobility using XROMM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armita R Manafzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Joint Mobility ◽  
Rotational Mobility ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Practical Guide ◽  
Skeletal Kinematics ◽  
The Way

Abstract X-Ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (XROMM), though traditionally used for studies of in vivo skeletal kinematics, can also be used to precisely and accurately measure ex vivo range of motion from cadaveric manipulations. The workflow for these studies is holistically similar to the in vivo XROMM workflow, but presents several unique challenges. This paper aims to serve as a practical guide by walking through each step of the ex vivo XROMM process: how to acquire and prepare cadaveric specimens, how to manipulate specimens to collect X-ray data, and how to use these data to compute joint rotational mobility. Along the way, it offers recommendations for best practices and for avoiding common pitfalls to ensure a successful study.

Incidence of Decreased Hip Range of Motion in Youth Soccer Players and Response to a Stretching Program: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Vieira de Castro ◽  
Karina Costa Machado ◽  
Kelly Scaramussa ◽  
João Luiz Ellera Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hip Rotation ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Context:After years of focusing on the management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, the most common soccer-related injuries, the orthopedic community has concluded that soccer players have a wide range of variation in joint biomechanics and has thus started to focus research efforts on the morphological factors that might contribute to ACL trauma. One such factor is decreased hip-rotation range of motion (ROM), which may be due to compensatory musculoskeletal changes occurring in response to longstanding soccer practice since childhood.Objective:This study sought to assess decreased hip rotation and the influence of stretching exercises on the behavior of the hip joint in players of the youth soccer categories of a Brazilian soccer team.Design:Randomized clinical trial.Setting:University hospital.Patients:262 male soccer players.Interventions:Subjects were randomly allocated into 2 groups—control or a stretching program.Main Outcome Measures:Subjects were reassessed after 12 wk.Results:The findings suggest that hip-rotation ROM decreases over the years in soccer players. In the study sample, adherence to a stretching program improved only external hip-rotation ROM in the nondominant limb.Conclusion:Playing soccer can restrict rotation ROM of the hip, and adherence to stretching exercises may decrease the harmful effects on the hip joints.

scholarly journals Ankle-Dorsiflexion Range of Motion After Ankle Self-Stretching Using a Strap

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1226-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-cheol Jeon ◽  
Oh-yun Kwon ◽  
Chung-Hwi Yi ◽  
Heon-Seock Cynn ◽  
Ui-jae Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Talocrural Joint ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Context  A variety of ankle self-stretching exercises have been recommended to improve ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) in individuals with limited ankle dorsiflexion. A strap can be applied to stabilize the talus and facilitate anterior glide of the distal tibia at the talocrural joint during ankle self-stretching exercises. Novel ankle self-stretching using a strap (SSS) may be a useful method of improving ankle DFROM. Objective  To compare the effects of 2 ankle-stretching techniques (static stretching versus SSS) on ankle DFROM. Design  Randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting  University research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants  Thirty-two participants with limited active dorsiflexion (&lt;20°) while sitting (14 women and 18 men) were recruited. Main Outcome Measure(s)  The participants performed 2 ankle self-stretching techniques (static stretching and SSS) for 3 weeks. Active DFROM (ADFROM), passive DFROM (PDFROM), and the lunge angle were measured. An independent t test was used to compare the improvements in these values before and after the 2 stretching interventions. The level of statistical significance was set at α = .05. Results  Active DFROM and PDFROM were greater in both stretching groups after the 3-week interventions. However, ADFROM, PDFROM, and the lunge angle were greater in the SSS group than in the static-stretching group (P &lt; .05). Conclusions  Ankle SSS is recommended to improve ADFROM, PDFROM, and the lunge angle in individuals with limited DFROM.

Why Older Australians Participate in Exercise and Sport

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Kolt ◽  
Ruth P. Driver ◽  
Lynne C. Giles
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Joint Mobility ◽  
Participation Motivation ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Participation Motives

Research on variables that encourage older adults to exercise is limited. This study was carried out to identify the participation motives of older Australians involved in regular exercise and sport. The 815 participants (399 men, 416 women) ranged in age from 55 to 93 years (M= 63.6,SD= 7.8) and were participating in their activities of choice at least once per week. All participants completed the Participation Motivation Questionnaire for Older Adults. The most common exercise/sport activities that participants were involved in were walking, golf, lawn bowls, tennis, and swimming. The most highly reported motives for participation were to keep healthy, liking the activity, to improve fitness, and to maintain joint mobility. Principal-components analysis of the questionnaire revealed 6 factors: social, fitness, recognition, challenge/benefits, medical, and involvement. Analyses of variance showed significant differences in reasons for participation in exercise and sport based on gender, age, education level, and occupation.

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