scholarly journals Submicroscopic changes in the liver of young rats with hyperhomocysteinemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Halahan
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Experimental Group

To date, it has been established that hyperhomocysteinemia plays a significant role in the development and progression of many diseases. The accumulation of homocysteine occurs due to a violation of the relationship between its production and excretion from the body. The liver plays an important role in the metabolism of homocysteine, because it undergoes most of the reactions of its transmethylation, and, therefore, it is the first to be adversely affected. The aim of the study is to identify the features of electron microscopic changes in the liver structure of young rats with hyperhomocysteinemia. The experimental study was performed on 22 white nonlinear young (1-2 months) male rats, which were divided into a control group and an experimental group. A model of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was created by administering to rats the experimental group of thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrically for 60 days. The study of ultrastructural changes in the liver of rats was performed using an electron microscope PEM-125K. It was found that the introduction of thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg in rats led to the development of degenerative changes in hepatocytes. Changes in the structure of liver cells manifested themselves in the form of edema of the cytoplasm and mitochondria, destruction of mitochondrial cristae, dilation of the tubules of the granular endoplasmic reticulum and tanks of the Golgi complex. The activity of fat-accumulating liver cells and stellate macrophages is characteristically. In the lumens of the sinusoidal capillaries found sweeter shaped blood elements, the cytoplasm of endothelial cells had signs of edema. Thus, in experimental hyperhomocysteinemia revealed changes at the ultrastructural level in all structural components of the liver of young rats. The identified changes are compensatory-adaptive in nature and are reversible.

scholarly journals Features of electron microscopic changes in the liver of rats aged 24-26 months under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Halahan ◽  
O. Ye. Маievskyi ◽  
Yu. Y. Guminskyi ◽  
A. P. Korol ◽  
S. V. Prokopenko
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Group A ◽  
Liver Structure ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Amino Acid Methionine ◽  
Experimental Group

Disruption of the metabolism of the essential amino acid methionine causes the syndrome of hyperhomocysteinemia. This pathological condition is associated with the risk of developing a number of diseases, including chronic liver disease. The mechanisms of liver tissue damage in hyperhomocysteinemia remain poorly understood and require more detailed study. The aim of the study is to establish the features of submicroscopic changes in the liver structure of old rats with hyperhomocysteinemia. The experimental study was performed on 22 white nonlinear old (24-26 months) male rats, which were divided into a control group and an experimental group. A model of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was created by administering to rats of experimental group of thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrically for 60 days. The study of ultrastructural changes in the lungs of rats was performed using an electron microscope PEM-125K. At experimental hyperhomocysteinemia in a liver of old rats there are changes in all structural components. Mitochondrial destruction and edema were observed in the vascular endothelium. Organelles have an enlightened matrix, a reduced number of cristae. A significant content of destructively altered mitochondria in endothelial cells indicates a failure of adaptation mechanisms. Erythrocyte sludges are observed in the lumens of the sinusoids. The number of fat-accumulating cells decreases, which indicates their transformation into fibroblasts and leads to the growth of collagen fibers, expansion of the sinusoidal spaces and the development of stromal fibrosis.

scholarly journals The effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on the patterns of electron microscopic changes in the liver of adult rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Halahan ◽  
O. Ye. Maievskyi ◽  
Yu. Yo. Guminskyi ◽  
A. P. Korol
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Ito Cells ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

One of the important tasks of modern science is to find biochemical markers that would be able to reflect the risks of development and the nature of the course of various diseases, as well as to predict their possible consequences. In recent years, a significant number of compounds that can affect the biochemical profile of the organism have been identified. Homocysteine – a product of methionine metabolism, belongs to one of these markers, and the effects of its influece on the structure and function of various organs are being actively studied by modern researchers. The aim of the study is to find the patterns of electron microscopic changes in the liver structure of adult rats with hyperhomocysteinemia. The experimental study was performed on 22 white nonlinear mature male rats, which were divided into a control group and an experimental group. A model of persistent hyperhomocysteinemia was created by administering to rats of experimental group thiolactone homocysteine at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrically for 60 days. The study of ultrastructural changes in the liver of rats was performed using an electron microscope PEM-125K. In adult rats with experimental hyperhomocysteinemia at the ultrastructural level, dystrophic and destructive changes in hepatocytes, endotheliocytes in the walls of sinusoids and Kupffer cells were found. These changes were more pronounced than in young rats with experimental hyperhomocysteinemia. Revealed structural changes in decompensation (depletion) of mitochondria – fewer number of cristae and enlightened matrix. In contrast to young rats, adult rats with hyperhomocysteinemia in the perisinusoidal spaces showed elongated Ito cells, a significant proportion of the cytoplasm is occupied by the Golgi complex and granular endoplasmic reticulum tanks, indicating protein synthesis for export. In Ito cells, the content of fat droplets, which are located on opposite poles of cells, is reduced. This morphological picture manifests the transformation of Ito cells into fibroblasts.

Influence of doxorubicin on lipid peroxidation and heart histology in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (31) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Джиоев ◽  
Inal Dzhioev ◽  
Джанаев ◽  
Robert Dzhanaev
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity ◽  
Anthracycline Antibiotic ◽  
Cross Striation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Experimental Group

Anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, which has proven cardiovascular toxicity, is often used in the treatment of cancer. The research project was carried out in 21 sexually mature Wistar male rats divided into three groups: control group, high-dose experimental group, in which rats were once injected intraperitoneally with doxorubicin hydrochloride at a dose of 10 mg/kg and low-dose experimental group, in which animals twice received intraperitoneal 2.5 mg/kg doses of doxorubicinhydrochloride at 10-day interval.An increase of malondialdehyde was revealed in the membranes of red blood cells in the high-dose experimental group, while in the low-dose experimental group a reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde and plasma hydroperoxides as well as a decreasing of catalase activity was observed. Intake of doxorubicin also causes venous hyperemia in wide areas of myocardiumalong with increasing of cardiomyocytic cross striation.

scholarly journals Prevention of Postradiational Disorders in the Testes of Rats with the use of Magnetic Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Yuri N. Korolev ◽  
Lyudmila A. Nikulina ◽  
Lyubov V. Mikhailik
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Intracellular Regeneration ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities

The action effects of the low-intensity low-frequency magnetic field (LMF) are mainly studied in its therapeutic use and to a much lesser extent in the mode of primary prevention. Aim. To identify adaptive metabolic and ultrastructural changes in the testes of rats under the preventive action of LMF under radiation conditions. Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on 28 mature non-linear male rats weighing 180-200 g. the animals were divided into 3 groups: in the experimental group, the animals received a course of LMF procedures followed by radiation exposure; in the control group, the animals were subjected only to radiation exposure; in the intact group, the animals were not exposed to any effects. The animals were slaughtered the day after the radiation exposure. the research methods were used: biochemical (to determine the content of RNA, DNA, antioxidant activity of the testes), light – optical (to count the number of convoluted seminiferous tubule – CST, exfoliated cells, spermatogonia, to determine the index of spermatogenesis); transmission electron microscopy; morphometric analysis of mitochondria (number, average and total area). Results. The preventive effect of LMF enhanced the adaptive capabilities of the body and increased the resistance of the testes to the effects of radiation. This was manifested in an increase in the power of the antioxidant system, activation oof the cellular and intracellular regeneration processes, and a decrease in the permeability of the structures of the CST’s own shell. Conclusion. The obtained data substantiate the possibility of using LMF as a means of protecting the organs of the reproductive system in the complex prevention of the body under the influence of radiation.

Significance of integral hematological indexes for predicting postoperative wound healing in the experiment

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
А.А. Супильников ◽  
В.Н. Шабалин
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
White Mongrel

Цель исследования - оценка возможности использования интегральных гематологических индексов для выбора оптимальной модели ушивания послеоперационных ран в эксперименте. Методика. Исследование проводили на 297 белых беспородных крысах-самцах массой 190-210 г, которые были разделены на 3 группы, по 99 крыс в каждой. Одна группа являлась контрольной, у второй группы крыс был смоделирован раневой процесс с натяжением брюшной стенки; у третьей группы животных - модель раневого процесса с применением трансплантата нанокомпозитного материала. Определяли следующие интегральные гематологические индексы: индекс Кребса; коэффициент Бредекка; лейкоцитарный индекс; индекс соотношения нейтрофилов и моноцитов; индекс соотношения лимфоцитов и моноцитов; индекс соотношения лимфоцитов и эозинофилов; коэффициент отношения альбуминов к глобулинам; оксипролиновый коэффициент. Результаты. Установлены статистически значимые колебания показателей интегральных гематологических индексов в динамике заживления послеоперационной раны у крыс. Заключение. На основе полученных результатов был сделан вывод, что особенности динамики интегральных гематологических индексов, выявленные на различных моделях раневого процесса, отражают неспецифические и специфические защитные реакции организма в целом, позволяют делать прогноз дальнейшего течения и исхода раневого процесса, а также обеспечивают возможность выбора оптимальной модели ушивания послеоперационной раны. The article presents results of predicting the wound healing process using integral hematological indexes. The aim of the study was to describe the dynamics of integral hematological indexes of wound healing process in rats to predict its outcome. The study included 297 white mongrel male rats weighing 190-210 g, which were divided into three groups, 99 rats in each. One group was a control group; in the second group, a wound healing process with abdominal wall tension was modeled; in the third group, a wound healing process with a graft was modeled. The following integrated hematological indexes were determined: Krebs index; Bredeck index; leukocyte index; neutrophil/monocyte ratio; lymphocyte/monocyte ratio; lymphocyte/eosinophil ratio; albumin/globulin ratio; and oxyproline coefficient. The study showed that changes in values of integral hematological indexes were mostly statistically and clinically significant. We concluded that changes in integral hematological indexes in different models of wound healing reflect nonspecific and specific protective responses of the body as a whole and allow to predict further course and outcome of the wound healing process.

scholarly journals Changes of the ultrastructural organization of cells of rats esophagus in the modeling of second-degree esophageal stricture

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Ye.V. Shaprynskyi
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Esophageal Strictures ◽  
Second Degree

Scar strictures that lead to obstruction of the esophagus do not tend to decrease lately, but on the contrary, the number of such patients is increasing, which is caused by the use of a large range of chemicals in human life. The results of treatment of scarring strictures depend on the degree of stenosis. With complete obstruction of the esophagus, the question arises about conducting surgical treatment. Methods of correction of esophageal strictures have a considerable number of postoperative complications and lethal consequences – from 5.0 % to 15.0 %. Therefore, in order to create a unified pathogenetic tactic for the management and treatment of esophageal strictures, we were offered to study the ultrastructural changes of the mucous membrane of the stricture of the second stage during its modeling in the experiment. The purpose of the work is to investigate the dynamics of ultrastructural changes of the mucous membrane of the esophagus wall in the normal and second stage of its stricture. The experimental study was performed on adult white male rats weighing between 250 and 300 g. A total of 16 animals were operated on, which were divided into 2 groups: a control group (6 rats) and a study group (10 rats). The studies were performed under ketamine anesthesia. In animals of the control group performed only laparotomy, followed by layer-by-layer suturing of the anterior abdominal wall. In animals of the study group created a model of obstruction of the esophagus of the second stage. Electron microscopic examination was performed on days 3, 4, and 5 of the experiment, eliminating animals by overdosing on ketamine. As a result of the electron microscopic study of the ultrastructural organization of basal, spinosum, superficial epitheliocytes of stratified squamous epithelium without keratin, smooth muscle myocytes of the muscular plate and contractile elements of the muscular layer of the esophagus of rats with simulated stricture of the second degree revealed dystrophic and destructive disorders that varied in depth and severity. It was established that mitochondrial dysfunction leads to a decrease in the activity of reparative, metabolic and synthetic processes of the cell, which is indirectly manifested by a decrease in ribosomes and polysomes in the cytoplasm, loosening and focal lysis of membranes of the granular endoplasmic reticulum. Stricture of esophagus of the second stage causes activation of catabolic intracellular processes in all cells, which is morphologically confirmed by the appearance in the cytoplasm of secondary lysosomes and inclusions of lipids.

scholarly journals An Experimental Model of Liver Cirrhosis in Laboratory Animals

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
D. A. Yevseyenko ◽  
Z. A. Dundarov ◽  
E. A. Nadyrov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Biochemical Blood Analysis

Objective: to develop and justify the application of a new experimental method of the simulation of liver cirrhosis in laboratory animals. Material and methods. The simulation of liver cirrhosis was performed on 11 eugamic white Wistar male rats with the body weight of 203.5 ± 22.2 g (experimental group). The control group consisted of 12 healthy laboratory animals. Acute toxic liver injury resulting in cirrhosis was caused by means of the intraperitoneal administration of 50 % solution of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in olive oil on the first day of the experiment at a dosage of 0.1 ml of CCl4 + 0.4 ml of olive oil per 100 g of the body weight of the animals, on the second day of the experiment - 0.3 ml of CCl4 + 0.2 ml of olive oil per 100 g of the body weight of the animals. For synergism and potentiation of the hepatotoxic effect of CCl4, the animals daily had free access to 10% ethanol solution. The duration of the experiment was 65 days. The clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated, the histological assessment of the preparations was carried out. The obtained data were compared with the same parameters of the control group of the animals. Results. The reproducibility of the model was 81.8% (9 animals). The values of the biochemical blood analysis indicated statistically significant increases in the levels of total bilirubin, serum transaminases (AST, ALT), creatinine, a decrease in the glucose level in the animals of the experimental group. The complex morphological confirmation of liver cirrhosis in progress was obtained. Conclusion. The proposed method of the liver cirrhosis modeling correlate with the values of the biochemical blood analysis, pathological changes in the tissue of the liver and internal organs of liver cirrhosis in humans. With the help of the original model, it is possible to investigate the pathogenesis and effects of various groups of pharmacological drugs on liver cirrhosis and its complications (acute blood loss associated with the syndrome of portal hypertension).

scholarly journals Influence of sulfur complex on hematological indicators of the rabits

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (92) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
A. Z. Dychok-Niedzielska ◽  
Y. V. Lesyk
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hematological Indicators ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents results on the influence of different amounts of sulfur citrate, manufactured using nanotechnology and sodium sulfate in rabbit diet from 60 to 118 days of age on the hematological parameters of their organism. Studies have been conducted on 30 rabbits of the Hyla hybrid divided into six groups (control and five experimental), 6 animals in each. Animals were kept in regulated microclimate and illumination in mesh cages of 50×120×30 cm. Controlled rabbits fed without restriction a balanced granulated feed with free access to water. The young of the first (E-II), the second (E-II), the third (E-III) and the fourth (E-IV) experimental groups feed the diet of the control group and, during the day, dispensed sulfur citrate from the calculation of 2; 4; 8 and 12 mg S/kg body weight. Rabbits (E-V) of the experimental group fed the diet of the control group and set water with sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) in the amount of 40 mg S/kg body weight. In the preparatory period – 60 days and in the experimental period – at 91 and 118 days of life (31 and 58 days of delivery of supplements), blood samples were collected from the regional anterior vein of rabbits for hematological studies performed using an automatic hematologic analyzer (Orphee Mythic-18, Switzerland). Researches have shown that the administration of citrate sulfur in the amount of 8 mg S/kg of body weight was marked by a greater number of red blood cells and leukocytes, respectively, by 13.4 and 23.3% (P < 0.05) and with a higher level of HCT at 16.2% (P < 0.05), MCH, RDV and MCHC, respectively, 11.1; 14.5 and 2.6% (P < 0.05) on day 58 of the experiment compared with the control group. In the blood of animals in the 2nd experimental group, a higher concentration of hemoglobin (Р < 0.05) was observed at 31 days and a higher HCT (Р < 0.05) level was 58 days compared to control. Thus, the results of the study of the hematological parameters of the body of rabbits indicate their positive changes in the actions of the physiologically substantiated amount of organic sulfur, which contributed to the activation of metabolic processes.

scholarly journals Can Personality Factors and Body Esteem Predict Imagery Ability in Dancers?

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Dagmara Budnik-Przybylska ◽  
Maria Kaźmierczak ◽  
Jacek Przybylski ◽  
Maurizio Bertollo
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Group A ◽  
Professional Dancers ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Experimental Group

Dancing is mainly regarded as a form of art, which has been linked to the expression of emotions. Imagery is a well-known technique for enhancing performance. Additionally, specific personality traits are likely to facilitate performance. In the dancer’s performance, regarding the body as a tool is crucial. The following study examines personality and perceived body esteem as predictors of imagery ability in professional dancers. We analyzed two experimental groups, namely ballet dancers and professional dancers of other styles, and a control group. A sample of 249 people took part in the study: 155 women and 94 men aged 18–56 years. Participants filled in The Imagination in Sport Questionnaire and Polish adaptations of the Big Five Inventory—Short and the Body Esteem Scale. Results indicated that while each experimental group differed significantly from the control group in terms of their imagery ability, there were no differences between the two experimental groups. Findings revealed that personality traits, mainly higher openness to experience, and body esteem, mainly related to physical condition, were significant predictors of higher imagery ability in all groups.

EFFECTIVENESS OF BALANCE EXERCISES TO IMPROVE BALANCE IN YOUNG OBESE ADULTS -A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Sweta M. Rajgor ◽  
Vidhya Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Balance Exercises ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Obesity modies the body geometry by adding mass to different regions and it inuences the biomechanics of body. Weight inuences postural stability, hence lead to balance impairments. AIM:To nd out the effect of balance exercises on obese young adults. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effectiveness of balance exercises of the experimental group with the control group. METHOD: On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 participants were selected.They were treatedwith Balance exercises for 5 days/week for 6 weeks, after that re-assessment was taken with Single Leg Stance Test and Y-Balance Test. RESULTS:The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 26.Parametric test was used improvement was seen in group A. CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that balance exercises was effective for young obese adults to improve static and dynamic balance.

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