Microanatomical organization of regional inguinal lymph node parenchyma after endolymphatic injection of gold nanoparticles

The morphofunctional state of regional lymph nodes of white mongrel rats after endolymphatic introduction of gold nanoparticles with a diameter from 5 nm to 30 nm was studied. Endolymphatic introduction of gold nanoparticles was shown to have a direct immunomodulatory effect even at small sizes of nanogold. Morphological rearrangements in the regional lymph nodes testify to the activation of migration, proliferation and differentiation of immunocompetent cells, which suggests the immunomodulatory effect of gold nanoparticles. Key words: endolymphatic injection of gold nanoparticles, inguinal lymph nodes, cell populations.

HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF RATS IN THE STUDY OF CUMULATIVE PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED ZEOLITE

The authors of this work investigated the chronic toxicity of the feed additive. Chronic tox-icity was studied in white mongrel rats with daily intragastic administration in various doses for 28 days. The results of the studies showed that the feed additive doses not exhibit its toxic properties on the body of laboratory animals during long-term use. This experiment, no cases of intoxication and death of animals were noted. The positive effect of the drug on some indicators of morphologi-cal and biochemical parameters of blood was determined.

EFFECTS OF THE AMINO ACID COMPLEX "VITAAMIN" ON THE BIOCHEMICAL PA-RAMETERS OF THE BLOOD OF MICE

The effect of the amino acid complex "VitaAmin" on the biochemical parameters of white mongrel mice in different dosages was studied. The experience is organized in a vivarium at the Department of Surgery, Obstetrics, Pharmacology and Therapy for 60 days. 4 groups of 10 mice were formed: the 1st group (control) did not receive "Vitaamine", the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups addi-tionally administered "Vitaamine" in dosages: 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 ml per head once a day. The experi-ment involved 40 white mice. Analysis of the results showed that it is better to feed the amino acid complex "VitaAmin" as an additive to the diet in the range of 0.02-0.04 ml per head once a day. This rate of feeding the drug is safe and most effective. The use of a dosage of 0.06 ml / head / day contributes to a more intense work of the liver of animals and a violation of the structure of its cells, has a toxic effect on the body of mice.

Hepatic Microhaemocirculation Dynamics in Experimental Extrahepatic Cholestasis

Aim. Investigation of hepatic microhaemocirculation effects in experimental extrahepatic cholestasis.Materials and Methods. Experiments were carried out with a mixed group of 48 white mongrel male rats. Extrahepatic cholestasis was modelled in rats with via the ligation of common bile duct.Results. Animals with ligated common bile duct showed abnormalities in peripheral hepatic circulation manifested by a complex of intravascular, vascular and paravascular changes, hepatic angioarchitectonics disturbance, a marked growth of parenchymal dystrophic lesions in the form of post-haemorrhagic foci. The disturbance was pronounced towards a virtual degradation of hepatic parenchyma and the growth of “numb” zones with ceased circulation.Conclusion. The trials revealed microcirculatory changes in the liver associated with rheological disturbance of blood and, subsequently, the toxic impact of failed metabolism.

MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE INTERNAL ORGANS IN ANIMAL MODELS INDUCED BY DIPHENHYDRAMINE POISONING

The author describes the complex of Dimedrol-induced morphofunctional changes in the internal organs in animal models that possesses a diagnostic potential in forensic cases of fatal poisoning with this drug.Aim. Studying and specification of the complex morphofunctional pathology of the internal organs in animal models under oral administration of toxic doses of Dimedrol, with the perspective of improving accuracy of forensic diagnosis of antihistamine poisoning with clinical data.Materials and methods. Studies were conducted on white mongrel rats of both sexes and 180–220 g weight. Poisoning was modelled with pharmacopoeial Dimedrol containing 99.9 % of the active substance.Results. Morphofunctional criteria are proposed for the differential diagnosis of antihistamine poisoning on the basis of characteristic changes in the microcirculatory bed and histological structure of the internal organs in experimental animals. Putative recommendations are formulated in the forensic diagnosis of death caused by antihistamine poisoning.Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that the general toxic effect is complemented by pronounced vascular lesions in the genesis of death in cases of antihistamine poisoning at high doses of the administered drug.

Comparison of pharmacological activity of hawthorn fruits preparations

Objectives - a comparative study of antidepressant activity and diuretic action of water and water-alcohol preparations of the fruits of Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and Crataegus submollis Sarg. Materials and methods. The study covers the water and alcohol-water extracts from the fruits of hawthorn blood-red (Crataegus sanguinea Pall.) and Quebec hawthorn (Crataegus submollis Sarg.). The comparative study of the antidepressant activity and the diuretic action of the preparations was carried out on white mongrel rats of both sexes. Results. The liquid extracts of fruits Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and Crataegus submollis Sarg. at a dose of 100 μl/kg revealed an antidepressant activity. Decoctions of Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and Crataegus submollis Sarg. at a dose of 100 μl/kg had a pronounced diuretic and saluretic activity. Pharmacotherapeutic effects of the studied preparations can be explained by the presence of flavonoids in them. Conclusion. The preparations of the fruits of Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and Crataegus submollis Sarg. can be recommended as antidepressant and diuretic agents. The fruits of Crataegus submollis Sarg. are the promising medicinal plant raw materials.

DEFENSINS-a AT AN EARLY AGE IN RATS WITH ACUTE SOMATIC PAIN

This article presents the results of studies on the reaction of α-defensins to acute somatic pain in newborn rats and in the early puberty period. Studies were carried out on white mongrel rats for three hours after pain exposure. The level of α-defensins was determined by enzyme immunoassay. During the experiments, a short-term increase in the level of α-defensins in newborns and rats in the early puberty period was revealed. At the same time, in animals of one month of age a two-phase, labile reaction of an increase in the level of α-defensins in peripheral blood occurs.

PRE-CLINICAL STUDIES OF IVERMECTIN SOLID DISPERSION

For deworming of horses of drove breeding and wild animals in preserves of free feeding, we have developed an innovative drug based on ivermectin using the technology of mechanochemical modification of ivermectin substance with a mixture of polymers (polyvinylpyrrolidone /PVP/ and arabinogalactan /AG/ Siberian larch Larix sibirica). With this treatment, a solid dispersion of ivermectin (SDI) was obtained in the form of a beige powder, which is easily flowable. The pharmaceutical safety of SDI was studied, the parameters of general toxicity, acute cutaneous toxicity, irritant effects, and the effect of the drug on the eye mucosa were studied. Studies conducted on white mongrel rats. The LD50 of the study drug was found to exceed the test dose. According to GOST 12.1.007-76, the drug belongs to the 4th class of hazard (low hazardous substances). In the study of local irritation of the drug on the skin, it was noted that the integrity of healthy skin on the other hand, where the scratches were not injured, elasticity remained, there was no redness, after a month the sheared layer was healthy. Established the absence of irritating properties of SDI with a single application to the skin. As a result of studying the irritant effect of the drug on the mucous membrane of the eye, it was established that SDI has a moderate local irritant effect on the eyes of animals, estimated at 1 point.

TRANSFORMATION OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF MASTICATORY MUSCLES OF IMMATURE ANIMALS IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF MERCAZOLILUM-INDUCED HYPOTHYROIDISM

The aim of the study. The aim of this study was to establish the features of the structural organization of the chewing and lateral pterygoid muscles of immature rats during the developmental stages of experimental hypothyroidism. Materials and methods. The material for the study was the chewing and lateral pterygoid muscles of 48 white mongrel immature rats-males. The following research methods were used: mercazole-induced hypothyroidism modelling, injection method for studying the bloodstream, histological examination of blood vessels and tissue elements, electron microscopy, morphometric analysis, biochemical methods, statistical evaluation of the results. Results. A violation of thyroid homeostasis (a decrease in the concentration of thyroid hormones in the blood) has been established. In the bloodstream, edematous changes are observed histologically and submicroscopically. A decrease in the number of hemocapillaries per unit area and the number of hemocapillaries per muscle fiber have been established morphometrically. In muscle fibers, cross striation with vacuolization of endomysia and perimisia is lost. Edematous changes are observed, which are aggravated depending on the duration of experimental hypothyroidism. The glycolytic muscle fibers are more affected, and the changes are aggravated depending on the duration of the experiment. It has also been found out that there is a redistribution in the amount of muscle fibers. There is a tendency to a decrease in oxidative-glycolytic and a significant increase in glycolytic muscle fibers. The morphological changes that have been found out are accompanied by violations of the macroelement balance, in particular, the content of Ca, P, Mg, which determine the functioning of skeletal muscle tissue. Conclusion. Thus, at different periods of hypothyroidism, edematous changes occur both in the vascular wall and in muscle fibers, which are aggravated depending on the duration of hypothyroidism and are caused by a decrease in the basic metabolic rate, slowing of redox processes and tissue hypoxia. At the same time, chromotropic substances are released from bonds with proteins and accumulate in the intermediate substance with the subsequent replacement of collagen fibers by mucus-like masses.