scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF INCREASED NOISE LEVEL ON PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF BROILER CHICKENS IN INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1006
Author(s):  
Lyudmila K. Buslovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Physiological State

scholarly journals Acute Oral Toxicity of Vetom 21.77 Based on Duddingtonia Flagrans in Broiler Chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Elmira R. Rafikova
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Weight Coefficient ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Different Doses

AbstractA 14-d study was undertaken to test the acute toxicity of a new preparation Vetom 21.77 based on the predacious fungus Duddingtonia flagrans. A total of 40 healthy 5-day-old broiler chickens (Hubbard F15, 100 ± 5 g), that had previously gone through a required 5-days adaptation to the environment, were orally dosed with the drug for 5 consecutive days at different doses, after which their health status was assessed daily up to the end of the experiment. According to the results, no substantial changes in the physiological state of the chickens were detected during the experiment. Internal organs weighing revealed no statistically significant differences between the groups, though weight coefficient values of internal organs of treated chickens slightly exceeded those of the control group. Some haematological parameters were significantly higher in the treatment group, without going beyond reference ranges. All chickens used in the experiment survived the study. The preparation has not produced any toxic effect even at a higher dose (4000 µL/kg bw/day). It is concluded that Vetom 21.77 pertains to preparations of IV toxicity class.

scholarly journals Physiological state of the broiler chickens organism on the background of combined stress and additive of humic acids and probiotic

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
V. G. Stoyanovskyy ◽  
M. O. Shevchuk ◽  
I. A. Kolomiiets
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Combined Stress ◽  
Protective Function

The cultivation of broiler chickens is cost-effective given the high reproductive quality and growth rate of young growth at an early age. However, the management of the industry involves a number of technological operations that cause excessive stress on the adaptive systems, decrease the immunobiological reactivity of the bird organism, the development of stress and cause a decline in egg and meat productivity. Under these conditions, it is necessary to strengthen and stimulate the resistance of the body of the bird, to determine ways to eliminate the development of stressful states by providing full feeding. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the morpho-functional status of the body of broiler chickens against the background of combined stress when included in the diet of humic acids “Reasil Humic Vet”, “Reasil Humic Health” and probiotics “Laktin”. For the 13th day of life, all livestock in a clinically healthy poultry were subjected to combined stress – revaccination (intranasal against Newcastle disease) + cold stress (for 60 min by conditioning the room and reducing the vivarium temperature by 5 °C). The study material was sampled 3 days after exposure to stress (corresponding to the anxiety stage), at 13, 20, and 26 days after exposure to stress (which accounted for the various stages of resistance stage development). It is established that the morpho-functional status of the body of broiler chickens on the background of combined stress is characterized at the stage of anxiety by reducing the concentration of hemoglobin and hematocrit by an average of 16.6 %, increasing the number of eosinophils and pseudo-eosinophils; at various stages of development of the stage of resistance – decrease in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin concentration by 3.4–6.5 % against the background of increase of hematocritic value by 37.0 %, increase in the number of leukocytes by 17.2 % with a slight stabilization of respiratory and protective function of blood due to 26 days after stress. Influencing the formation of adaptive reactions of the body of broiler chickens of the experimental groups in the conditions of development of adaptation syndrome positive influence of the use of new biostimulants of natural origin “Reasil Humic Vet”, “Laktin” and “Reasil Humic Health” is shown, which is shown by the increase of hemoglobin concentration on average 13.0 % (P < 0.05), leukocyte count by 25.4 % (P < 0.05) due to lymphocytes 1.1 times (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals The effect of thermal stress on the productivity of broiler chicken

2019 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
P. Karkach ◽  
Yu. Obraztsova
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

The influence of solutions dispensing such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and potassium chloride (KCl) on the reduction of the thermal stress effect during the chicken broilers feeding is investigated.The research was carried out in the setting of a farm with chicken-production stock of 13940 heads of broiler chickens – the cros of Ross-308. The period is from 22 to 49 days of cultivation.The normative introduction of preparations was provided by means of a capacity, dispenser and systems of water supply with nipple drums.With the current ventilation system from the 4th week and until of therising, the temperature indicators in the rooms increased, especially in the second half of the day, at 7–9 ° C. The humidity was lower by 10–15 % of the normative characteristics, that led to oppression of chickens’ physiological state. It was established the positive effect of giving a solution of potassium chloride (KCl) in a dose of 0.1 % per liter and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in a dose of 0.08 % per liter of water on the physiological state and productivity of chicken broilers in the period from 22 to 49 days. Due to the watering out of these solutions with the water, the preservation of the young was 90.8 %, which was 4.2 % higher than in the control group. During the experiment, the consumption of feed and water on the head in the control group was 3.79 kg and 9.74 L, where as in the experimental group these figures were 4.07 kg and 11.31 L, which was 7.4 and 16,1 % more than in the control group.The ratio of consumed water and consumed feed in the control group was 2.57: 1, while in the experimental group this indicator was 2.78: 1. The live weight 2687.2±48.43 g and the average daily gain of 54.8 g were (with P≤0.05) exceeding the control group's rates by 290.6 and 7.0 g, or by 12.4 % and 14.6 % respectively. The efficiency index in the experimental group was 252.8 units, which was 47.7 units more than the control group.The overall positive effect of producing solutions of potassium chloride and ascorbic acid for the above conditions to reduce thermal stress in the period of 22–49 days contributed to the profitability of growing broiler chickens at 6.8 %, which was 5.5 % higher than in the control group. Key words: chicken broilers, thermal stress, preservation, productivity, potassium chloride, ascorbic acid.

Probiotic drug “Propionovy” in the diets of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Author(s):  
V. N. Khaustov ◽  
T. N. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Productive Traits

Currently, probiotics are an alternative to feed antibiotics in poultry farming. Probiotic cultures that are part of these drugs suppress the development of pathogenic and contain conditionally pathogenic bacteria at a safe level, as well as maintain a healthy microflora at a normal level. The mechanism of action of probiotics is studied by specialists from different countries. The purpose of the work was to study the effect of the probiotic drug “Propionovy” on the productive traits and physiological state of broiler chickens. Experimental studies have been carried out under the conditions of LLC “Kuzbassky broiler” in the Kemerovo region. The object of the study was broiler chickens of the cross Hubbard ISA F-15. Comprehensive studies have been conducted on the use of the probiotic drug “Propionovy”, which includes strains of Propionibacterium freudenreichii spp. in the diets of broiler chickens. The influence of various dosages of the studied drug on the productivity and quality of poultry meat, on morphological and biochemical parameters of blood has been studied. The optimal dose of introducing the drug “Propionovy” into the diets of broiler chickens, which is most effective for production from the economic point of view has been determined. It has been found according to the results of the production inspection that the inclusion of the probiotic drug “Propionovy” in the diets of broiler chickens contributed to the increase in the total gain in live weight in the experimental group by 3,76 % and the decrease in the prime-cost of production by 0,45 %, which allowed to obtain an additional profit of 2,83 rubles from 1 head. It has been found that the introduction of the probiotic drug “Propionovy” into the diets of broiler chickens of the cross Hubbard ISA F-15 has the positive effect on their productive traits and physiological state, and also allows us to get additional profit.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PRODUCTION TRANSPORT ON PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF BROILER CHICKENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1000
Author(s):  
Lyudmila K. Buslovskaya ◽  
◽  
Alexey Yu. Kovtunenko
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Physiological State

scholarly journals Very Low Crude Protein and Varying Glycine Concentrations in the Diet Affect Growth Performance, Characteristics of Nitrogen Excretion, and the Blood Metabolome of Broiler Chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (7) ◽  
pp. 1122-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Hofmann ◽  
Wolfgang Siegert ◽  
Ákos Kenéz ◽  
Victor D Naranjo ◽  
Markus Rodehutscord
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Metabolome Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Plasma Metabolome

ABSTRACT Background The minimum to which dietary crude protein (CP) level for broiler chickens can be reduced without decreasing growth and the glycine equivalent (Glyequi) concentration required are not known. The plasma metabolome might reflect dietary influences on physiological processes. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 3 low CP levels with 4 Glyequi concentrations on growth and characteristics of nitrogen excretion, and to identify plasma metabolome variations. Methods Male Ross308 broiler chickens were provided 1 of 12 dietary treatments in 84 metabolism cages (10/cage) from days 7 to 21. Three diets with 163 (CP163), 147 (CP147), and 132 (CP132) g CP/kg were formulated, each containing 12, 15, 18, and 21 g Glyequi/kg. Essential amino acid concentrations were the same in all diets. Animals and feed were weighed on days 7 and 21 to determine average daily gain (ADG) and gain:feed ratio (G:F). Excreta were collected from days 18 to 21 to analyze nitrogenous components, and blood was obtained on day 21 to conduct a metabolome analysis. Results Two-factor ANOVA showed significant interaction effects for ADG, G:F, and nitrogen efficiency (P < 0.001). Reduction of CP decreased ADG and G:F, and increased nitrogen efficiency. Glyequi supplementation increased ADG (by 7.9 g/d) and G:F (by 0.07 g/g) at CP132. The ADG (by 2.4 g/d) at CP147 and G:F (by 0.02 g/g) at CP147 and CP163 increased up to 15 g Glyequi/kg. Multivariate statistical analysis showed an influence of Glyequi on plasma acylcarnitine and lysophosphatidylcholine concentrations, and a decrease of plasma phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin concentrations with reduced CP. Conclusions These results suggest that a nutrient other than Glyequi limited growth when CP was reduced from CP163 to CP147, and that the response of broiler chickens to Glyequi is dependent on the dietary CP level. Plasma metabolites indicate dietary influences on the physiological state of the animals.

Electron Microscopy in Molecular Biology

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Cecil E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Shadow Casting ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

The visualization of organic macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, viruses and virus components has reached its high degree of effectiveness owing to refinements and reliability of instruments and to the invention of methods for enhancing the structure of these materials within the electron image. The latter techniques have been most important because what can be seen depends upon the molecular and atomic character of the object as modified which is rarely evident in the pristine material. Structure may thus be displayed by the arts of positive and negative staining, shadow casting, replication and other techniques. Enhancement of contrast, which delineates bounds of isolated macromolecules has been effected progressively over the years as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 by these methods. We now look to the future wondering what other visions are waiting to be seen. The instrument designers will need to exact from the arts of fabrication the performance that theory has prescribed as well as methods for phase and interference contrast with explorations of the potentialities of very high and very low voltages. Chemistry must play an increasingly important part in future progress by providing specific stain molecules of high visibility, substrates of vanishing “noise” level and means for preservation of molecular structures that usually exist in a solvated condition.

Advances in Microprobe Analysis Applied to Muscle, Nerve and Gland

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 404-407
Author(s):  
T. E. Hutchinson ◽  
D. E. Johnson ◽  
A. C. Lee ◽  
E. Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Tissue ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Muscle Nerve ◽  
Technique Development

Microprobe analysis of biological tissue is now in the end phase of transition from instrumental and technique development to applications pertinent to questions of physiological relevance. The promise,implicit in early investigative efforts, is being fulfilled to an extent much greater than many had predicted. It would thus seem appropriate to briefly report studies exemplifying this, ∿. In general, the distributions of ions in tissue in a preselected physiological state produced by variations in the external environment is of importance in elucidating the mechanisms of exchange and regulation of these ions.

Detection of a point defect in a silicon single crystal by high-resolution TEM

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
M. Awaji
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Point Defect ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Silicon Single Crystal ◽  
High Resolution Image ◽  
Dark Field Imaging ◽  
Field Imaging

It is necessary to improve the resolution, brightness and signal-to-noise ratio(s/n) for the detection and identification of point defects in crystals. In order to observe point defects, multi-beam dark-field imaging is one of the useful methods. Though this method can improve resolution and brightness compared with dark-field imaging by diffuse scattering, the problem of s/n still exists. In order to improve the exposure time due to the low intensity of the dark-field image and the low resolution, we discuss in this paper the bright-field high-resolution image and the corresponding subtracted image with reference to a changing noise level, and examine the possibility for in-situ observation, identification and detection of the movement of a point defect produced in the early stage of damage process by high energy electron bombardment.The high-resolution image contrast of a silicon single crystal in the [10] orientation containing a triple divacancy cluster is calculated using the Cowley-Moodie dynamical theory and for a changing gaussian noise level. This divacancy model was deduced from experimental results obtained by electron spin resonance. The calculation condition was for the lMeV Berkeley ARM operated at 800KeV.

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