scholarly journals Public-Private Partnerships in the GCC: Reality and Challenges

حِكامة ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 61-91
Author(s):  
Tamer Karmout ◽  
Huzaifa Al Ezzo ◽  
Hussein Handule ◽  
Saleh Al Ghazal ◽  
Yasmin Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Production Economies ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Public Policy Analysis

This article discusses the experience of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. It also explores the relevant individual characteristics of each country of the GCC and highlights the challenges each country faces or is likely to face in implementing PPPs. This paper seeks to understand the extent to which the implementation of PPPs in the GCC has been consistent with international best practices in formulating and creating legal and regulatory frameworks for such partnerships. It adopts a comparative approach to public policy analysis to review empirical and theoretical studies of PPPs in the GCC. The article concludes that all the GCC countries follow different, and sometimes unclear, policies in implementing partnerships and that these partnerships remain limited compared to their global counterparts. It also identifies the most significant and common obstacles and challenges these countries face in creating an attractive and competitive environment in which to implement sustainable partnerships that contribute to their ambitious economic visions and accelerate their transformation from a rentier into knowledge and production economies.

Banking reform in China: International standards and Chinese specifics

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-426
Author(s):  
Z. Kudrna
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Institutional Reform ◽  
International Standards ◽  
State Control ◽  
Banking Reform ◽  
Reform Strategy ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Bank Governance ◽  
Credit Boom

This paper reviews the progress of banking reforms in China. Since 2002, the reform strategy has relied on publicly-financed bailouts, implementation of international best practices in bank governance and regulation, and listing of major banks in Hong Kong. The three largest banks have been stabilised, but we find little reason to expect this to be sustainable. Prudential indicators are comparable to international averages, but this is an outcome of bailouts and ongoing credit boom. Reforms of bank governance and regulatory frameworks that would alter banker’s incentives are implemented in a selective manner; principles that concentrate key powers in the centre are implemented vigorously, whereas those that require independent boards and regulators are ignored. Selectiveness of institutional reform means that the largest banks remain under state control and can be used as means of development policy for the better or the worse.

Rules without Rights

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Bartley
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Transnational Governance ◽  
Private Regulation ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Labor Exploitation ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
The World

Activists have exposed startling forms of labor exploitation and environmental degradation in global industries, leading many large retailers and brands to adopt standards for fairness and sustainability. This book is about the idea that transnational corporations can push these rules through their global supply chains, and in effect, pull factories, forests, and farms out of their local contexts and up to global best practices. For many scholars and practitioners, this kind of private regulation and global standard-setting can provide an alternative to regulation by territorially bound, gridlocked, or incapacitated nation states, potentially improving environments and working conditions around the world and protecting the rights of exploited workers, impoverished farmers, and marginalized communities. But can private, voluntary rules actually create meaningful forms of regulation? Are forests and factories around the world being made into sustainable ecosystems and decent workplaces? Can global norms remake local orders? This book provides striking new answers by comparing the private regulation of land and labor in democratic and authoritarian settings. Case studies of sustainable forestry and fair labor standards in Indonesia and China show not only how transnational standards are implemented “on the ground” but also how they are constrained and reconfigured by domestic governance. Combining rich multi-method analyses, a powerful comparative approach, and a new theory of private regulation, this book reveals the contours and contradictions of transnational governance.

scholarly journals CONCEPT AND ELEMENTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF THE PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Oleh Melnik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Office System

The relevance of the scientific article is due to the reform of the prosecutor's office. In the process of transforming the prosecutor's office system, it is necessary to introduce in its activity modern practices aimed at improving the effectiveness of the prosecutor's office. In this regard, there is a need for scientific study of the organizational support of the prosecutor's office. The purpose of the scientific article is to define the concept and elements of organizational support for the activities of the prosecutor's office. The basis for studying the organizational support of the prosecutor's office is theoretical studies of the organization of work and management in the prosecutor's office. Based on the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine, as well as scientific sources, organizational support is considered in broad and narrow meanings. Thus, in a wide meaning, this concept can be defined as a complex of all measures, means and resources that are necessary for the operation of the prosecutor's office. Elements of organizational support for the prosecutor's office in a broad sense are: personnel support, information support, financing, logistics, innovative and technological support. In a narrow sense, organizational support provides a set of techniques and means aimed at streamlining the work of the prosecutor's office, ensuring its controllability as a system and effective exercise by prosecutors. So organizational support includes the administration of the prosecutor's office and ensuring work in the prosecutor's office. It was concluded that it is necessary to improve the normative regulation of organizational support for the prosecutor's office in section X of the Law of Ukraine «On the prosecutor's office». At the same time, a systematic approach is important, involving formation of an integrated mechanism of organizational support for the activities of the prosecutor's office and identification of the subjects responsible for this. Perspective directions for further scientific researches within the defined topic of the study are used to analyze individual elements of the prosecutor's office, as well as the study of the best practices of the organization of the prosecutor's office.

Understanding Requirement Engineering Practices

2013 ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saqib Saeed ◽  
Ashi Iram ◽  
Kiran Nazeer ◽  
Tayyaba Ayub
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Software Process ◽  
Requirement Engineering ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Main Task ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Engineering Practices

Requirement engineering is a main task in software process. In Software Engineering literature, many best practices and guidelines are present to construct quality software. However, adoption of such uniform guidelines is not in practice across the globe. In this chapter, the authors discuss requirement engineering practices followed in Pakistani small- and medium-scale enterprises. In order to understand work practices the authors conducted a survey and analyzed the responses. They found that cost and budgeting is one of the major issues of Pakistani industry: higher management is not willing to invest to adopt state-of-the-art standardized practices. This situation can be improved by enhancing public private partnerships to get desired quality software in the local IT industry.

scholarly journals Insects as Novel Food: A Consumer Attitude Analysis through the Dominance-Based Rough Set Approach

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Roma ◽  
Giovanni Ottomano Palmisano ◽  
Annalisa De Boni
Keyword(s):  
Rough Set ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Production Technologies

In Western societies, the unfamiliarity with insect-based food is a hindrance for consumption and market development. This may depend on neophobia and reactions of disgust, individual characteristics and socio-cultural background, and risk-perceptions for health and production technologies. In addition, in many European countries, the sale of insects for human consumption is still illegal, although European Union (EU) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) are developing regulatory frameworks and environmental and quality standards. This research aims to advance the knowledge on entomophagy, providing insights to improve consumer acceptance in Italy. This is done by carrying out the characterization of a sample of consumers according to their willingness to taste several types of insect-based food and taking into account the connections among the consumers’ features. Thus, the dominance-based rough set approach is applied using the data collected from 310 Italian consumers. This approach provided 206 certain decision rules characterizing the consumers into five groups, showing the consumers’ features determining their specific classification. Although many Italian consumers are willing to accept only insects in the form of feed stuffs or supplements, this choice is a first step towards entomophagy. Conversely, young Italian people are a niche market, but they can play a role in changing trends.

Educação no Cárcere: Análise Comparativa das Legislações Brasileira e Argentina / Education in Prison: a Comparative Analysis of the Brazilian and Argentine Legislation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elton Dias Xavier ◽  
Roberta Cardoso Silva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks

ResumoO artigo tem como objetivo analisar, comparativamente, os marcos normativos legais que regulam a oferta de educação no âmbito prisional, no Brasil e na Argentina. A princípio, discutem-se alguns pontos relacionados à educação nas prisões. Dando sequência, apresenta-se a legislação bem como algumas discussões existentes no Brasil sobre o tema “educação no cárcere”. Em seguida, faz-se uma análise desses mesmos aspectos – legislação e estudos sobre o tema proposto – no contexto argentino. Após isso, é realizada uma abordagem comparativa em torno dasespecificidades e (in)congruências percebidas no ordenamento jurídico de ambos os países no que tange à legislação sobre educação em presídios. Por fim, são feitas algumas considerações acerca dos pontos discutidos no decorrer deste trabalho. AbstractThe article aims to analyze, comparatively, the legal, regulatory frameworks that rule the provision of education in the prison context in Brazil and Argentina. At first, we discussed a few points related to education in prisons. Then, it presents the legislation and some current discussions in Brazil on "education in prison.” In the same way, it makes an analysis of those aspects - legislation and studies on the theme - in the Argentinian context. After that, we performed a comparative approach of the specifics and (in)congruencies perceived in the legal system of both countries regarding the legislation on education in prisons. Finally, we made some considerations on the main points discussed in the article.

scholarly journals LGBT discrimination, harassment and violence in Germany, Portugal and the UK: A quantitative comparative approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 001139212110392
Author(s):  
Sait Bayrakdar ◽  
Andrew King
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Socioeconomic Resources ◽  
Trans People ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Differential Categories ◽  
Cross National

This article examines the incidents of discrimination, harassment and violence experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) individuals in Germany, Portugal and the UK. Using a large cross-national survey and adopting an intra-categorical intersectional approach, it documents how the likelihood of experiencing discrimination, harassment and violence changes within LGBT communities across three national contexts. Moreover, it explores how individual characteristics are associated with the likelihood of experiencing such incidents. The results show that trans people are more at risk compared to cisgender gay, lesbian and bisexual individuals to experience discrimination, harassment and violence. However, other factors, such as socioeconomic resources, also affect the likelihood of individuals experiencing such incidents. The three countries in our study show some nuanced differences in likelihood levels of experiencing discrimination, harassment and violence with regard to differential categories of sexual orientation and gender identity.

scholarly journals What Drives the Employment of Public-private Partnerships in Kazakhstan and Russia: Value for Money?

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Mouraviev
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Partnership Development ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Transitional Countries ◽  
Total Social Cost

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are employed in many countries as an alternative method of public service provision in which partners from the public and private sectors share their resources, responsibilities, and risks.  Some well-justified factors that drive the partnership development are value for money and lack of budget funding.  As PPP drivers may be unique, thepaper surveys the reasons for PPP expansion in two transitional countries, Kazakhstan and Russia.  Based on detailed discussion of the commonly employed reasons for partnering (such as greater value for money, or lower total social cost associated with a PPP as opposed to contracting out a service), internal and external PPP drivers in Kazakhstan and Russia have been categorized and examined.  Among internal drivers, the need to attract private initiative and funding for upgrading the utilities and housing infrastructure is most influential because of enormity of the task for which governments lack resources.  The countries’ intention to align themselves with the requirements of perceived international best practices is yet additional influential driver of external nature.  The paper concludes that public policy in the two countries is the major driving force for PPP development although the value for money concept and transaction cost economics appear to be neglected.  The emerging PPP policy paradigm in Kazakhstan and Russia has facilitated PPP development in recent years, since 2005.  However, lack of reliable solutions and instruments for PPP formation and implementation significantly slows down PPP expansion.  

scholarly journals Collaboration Reinforces Public Private Partnerships, a Benefit to Cancer Services

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 193s-193s ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Walters
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Basic Care ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
Corporate Funding ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Collaboration within the Health sector in South Africa is becoming pivotal in respect of cancer, HIV-AIDS, tuberculosis and NCD's screening and treatment to communities living in South Africa. Collaboration with the private sector has been the key driver as government cannot provide funding and as part of CSI initiatives, private sector has to have a quick win. This is how NGOs receive funding from the private sector to deliver cancer services to communities within rural areas in South Africa. Our collaboration is built on Public Private Partnerships (PPP) platform. Our collaboration continues within an alliance structure that allows PinkDrive to build footprint as well as create greater platforms and networks for funding, strategic opportunities and building a greater recognized service orientated base. Objective: The primary objective of the introduction of collaboration for PinkDrive-MBTM is to create a 1-roof testing where communities/society can receive cancer and other related services from corporate funding and sponsored health/social services. The other objective is to collaborate on best practices, successful processes delivered at many points creating awareness and informing the nation who are either infected or affected by cancer. Methods: 1. We work closely with corporates who are seeking effective health campaigns for their CSI/CSR initiatives or projects. 2. Once funding is confirmed and designated areas are identified, PinkDrive/MBTM then collaborates with identified partners to take cancer and other services (health screening and testing) to the respective remote/rural area. 3. Remote areas with reduced access to specialized health and basic care services are specifically targeted especially HIV-AIDS. 4. Collaboration allows PinkDrive/MBTM and its partners to captured patient histories, identification, and treatment (pre- and postscreening) for effective screening services. Results: 1. In a collaborative structure, we have found that the patient is privy to understanding the level, importance and stage of cancer with other related illnesses. 2. Through collaborative structures, holistic healthcare services and medical treatments are monitored, measured and managed appropriately at the relevant healthcare institutions. 3. Due to the funding received by corporates for such cancer services, PinkDrive mobile trucks are on the road offering its cancer services with other partners. Conclusion: Collaborative initiatives are good success stories incorporating best practices and also benefitting the patients and medical professional. The PinkDrive-MBTM mobile truck is recognized and individuals will always elaborate on how they receive their results speedily and at their doorsteps.

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