scholarly journals ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ СФЕРЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ НА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СТРАНЫ

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Ахмедова Эсмира М.
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development

This article indicates the results a comparative analysis the financing of the advanced countries of the world and similar indicators of Azerbaijan during the period active development of education and modernization of the economy. The methodology work is the fundamental works of foreign scientists, such as reports of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), human development index indicators in the field of determining and assessing the dependence of socio-economic development on public investment in education. It is displayed that Azerbaijan has resources and potential for growth of human capital, for social and economic development of the country. On the basis of the research, some conclusions and proposals are presented that contribute to improving the prospects for the economic development of Azerbaijan.

Inequalities in socio-economic development in the world

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Witold Rakowski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Human Development Report ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Based on the Human Development Report 2013 the author presents classification of the countries taking into account HDI value in 2012, non-income HDI and the IHDI (Inequality – Adjusted Human Development Index). IHDI reflects disparities in the income distribution. 187 states of the report are divided into 12 groups by the HDI total value.

scholarly journals THE NATION’S HUMAN CAPITAL IS A MAJOR RESOURCE OF THE STATE’S INNOVATION POTENTIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Aleksander Bogashko
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
National Human ◽  
The World

The problem is important and relevant because in the process of formation of the world economy and economic science, the goals and objectives, means and criteria of modern socio-economic development of countries have been rethought. Studies of competitiveness, priority factors of economic growth, and criteria for the effectiveness of economic activity in a market environment have become relevant. The state of the economy, intensification, progress of economic development depend on innovative potential and human capital, which affect the system of economic relations at the micro, macro and mega levels. The aim of the article is to study the evolution of the scientific concept of human capital and determine the socio-economic nature of national human capital. The article also determines the value of human capital in the system of factors of innovative development of the economy of countries. The article used general scientific and special research methods: analysis and synthesis, morphological analysis, logical generalization and comparison, graphical method.The study presents approaches to determining the socio-economic category of “human capital”. An analysis of the scientific literature indicates that the category of “human capital” most fully reflects the role and place of people in the economic system.The article notes that different countries of the world use different indicators of human capital: the Human Development Index, the Quality of Life Index and the Index of Human Happiness. The most common indicator of human capital development is the Human Development Index. The article presents the author's classification of human capital, which includes the levels and structure of capital. This will help government agencies better regulate the development of national human capital. 

ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL LEVEL USING THE UPGRADED HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (198) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
R.P. Yakunina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Graphical Method ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Method Of Evaluation ◽  
Illustrative Material

This article discusses the measurement of human capital using an indirect method of evaluation – the Human Development Index (HDI). Each year, UNDP experts present the HDI in Human development reports. The problem of improving the human development index is presented and solved by introducing new components in its structure – the unemployment index and the wage index. The aim of the study is to test the results of the modernized human development index on the example of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The key research methods are synthesis and comparative analysis, with the help of which the structure of the index is analyzed in detail; the method of selecting and processing a statistical database is applied; the graphical method is used to construct illustrative material, as well as the empirical method of research. The article presents the rating of Russian regions, compiled on the basis of the improved human development index. A comparative analysis of two methods of calculating the index is carried out – the UNDP method and the author's method. Two methods of calculating the human development index are also analyzed in detail, their method is analyzed. It is clearly shown what changes occurred in the formulas for calculating the main indicators included in the structure of the human development index.

scholarly journals Sensitivity analysis as a tool to optimise Human Development Index

Equilibrium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kuc-Czarnecka
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Composite Indicators ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Research background: Composite indicators are commonly used as an approximation tool to measure economic development, the standard of living, competitiveness, fairness, effectiveness, and many others being willingly implemented into many different research disciplines. However, it seems that in most cases, the variable weighting procedure is avoided or erroneous since, in most cases, the so-called ‘weights by belief’ are applied. As research show, it can be frequently observed that weights do not equal importance in composite indicators. As a result, biased rankings or grouping of objects are obtained. Purpose of the article: The primary purpose of this article is to optimise and improve the Human Development Index, which is the most commonly used composite indicator to rank countries in terms of their socio-economic development. The optimisation will be done by re-scaling the current weights, so they will express the real impact of every single component taken into consideration during HDI’s calculation process. Methods: In order to achieve the purpose mentioned above, the sensitivity analysis tools (mainly the first-order sensitivity index) were used to determine the appropriate weights in the Human Development Index. In the HDI’s resilience evaluation process, the Monte Carlo simulations and full-Bayesian Gaussian processes were applied. Based on the adjusted weights, a new ranking of countries was established and compiled with the initial ranking using, among others, Kendall tau correlation coefficient. Findings & Value added: Based on the data published by UNDP for 2017, it has been shown that the Human Development Index is built incorrectly by putting equal weights for all of its components. The weights proposed by the sensitivity analysis better reflect the actual contribution of individual factors to HDI variability. Re-scaled Human Development Index constructed based on proposed weights allow for better differentiation of countries due to their socio-economic development.

scholarly journals The Socio-Economic Development and Its Relationship with the Indicators of Empowerment, Economic Freedoms and Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (520) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Т. V. Matiuk ◽  
◽  
O. V. Poluiaktova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The article analyzes the key aspects and factors of the socio-economic development of society. On the basis of the studied theoretical approaches, the essence of the concept of «economic development» is specified. The most important components of the new quality of growth are defined. Both the need to and possibility of supplementing the indicator of the country’s success in socio-economic development (HDI), which is annually calculated by UNDP and reflects the relationship between the assessment of longevity in the country, the level of literacy and education of the population and the standard of living, indicators of empowerment, economic freedoms and opportunities, is substantiated. Based on the correlation analysis of indicators of the human development index, on the one hand, and the human development index, taking into account indicators of empowerment, economic freedoms and opportunities, as well as the index of life satisfaction, political and economic freedom, on the other hand, it has been proved that there is a direct strong connection between these indicators. This testifies the direct impact of the extent of life satisfaction, economic independence and political participation on the socio-economic development of society. A comparison of the composition of the resulting clusters with the rating of countries by the level of human development within the traditional HDI showed that there are certain differences. Thus, the largest number of countries with a very high level of human development when applying indicators of empowerment have lost their status. Similar results are observed for many other countries that, according to the HDI rating, taking into account empowerment, found themselves in a lower level of human development in a group of countries. The research showed that none of the countries moved in the ranking to a higher group. The obtained results confirmed the hypothesis that there is a fairly strong relationship between the levels of overall satisfaction with life, democracy and economic freedom and socio-economic development.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development: A Quantitative Analysis Regarding the Impact of Resource Rents on State Welfare from 2002 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Marcel Biewendt
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Resource Rents ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Economic Nature ◽  
Insight Into

This paper uses a quantitative analysis to examine the interdependence and impact of resource rents on socio-economic development from 2002 to 2017. Nigeria and Norway have been chosen as reference countries due to their abundance of natural resources by similar economic performance, while the ranking in the Human Development Index differs dramatically. As the Human Development Index provides insight into a country’s cultural and socio-economic characteristics and development in addition to economic indicators, it allows a comparison of the two countries. The hypothesis presented and discussed in this paper was researched before. A qualitative research approach was used in the author’s master’s thesis “The Human Development Index (HDI) as a Reflection of Resource Abundance (using Nigeria and Norway as a case study)” in 2018. The management of scarce resources is an important aspect in the development of modern countries and those on the threshold of becoming industrialised nations. The effects of a mistaken resource management are not only of a purely economic nature but also of a social and socio-economic nature. In order to present a partial aspect of these dependencies and influences this paper uses a quantitative analysis to examine the interdependence and impact of resource rents on socio-economic development from 2002 to 2017. Nigeria and Norway have been chosen as reference countries due to their abundance of natural resources by similar economic performance, while the ranking in the Human Development Index differs significantly. As the Human Development Index provides insight into a country’s cultural and socio-economic characteristics and development in addition to economic indicators, it allows a comparison of the two countries. This paper found out in a holistic perspective that (not or poorly managed) resource wealth in itself has a negative impact on socio-economic development and significantly reduces the productivity of the citizens of a state. This is expressed in particular for the years 2002 till 2017 in a negative correlation of GDP per capita and HDI value with the share respectively the size of resources in the GDP of a country. Keywords: Human Development Index, sustainability, resource abundance, socio-economic welfare.

scholarly journals СТРАТЕГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ІНВЕСТУВАННЯ В ЛЮДСЬКИЙ КАПІТАЛ ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РОЗВИТКУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Inna Khomenko ◽  
Lyudmyla Volynets ◽  
Anna Chubyckina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Development Index ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Assessment ◽  
World Ranking

The article identifies the essence of human capital, which is characterized by the UNDP Human Development Index (HDI) and reflects the development of mankind, combining in one indicator information about health, education and income. This indicator has long been an impeccable tool for comparison and a basis for national priorities. Outlines the importance of investing in human capital at all levels in modern conditions. The importance of human capital revealed, the importance of human development assessment for the national economy outlined. The index of human development and Ukraine's position in the world ranking analyzed. The growing relevance of investing in human capital is a key value of modern society, as well as one of the basic factors of economic growth. That is why there is a need to study issues related to the formation and development of human capital, its impact on economic growth of the national economy, the importance of investing in human capital becomes especially relevant. The effect of COVID-19 virus on the human development index was assessed.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA AND EUROPE: RECIPROCAL COMPARISONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-37
Author(s):  
Stephen Broadberry ◽  
Leigh Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Development Index ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Per Capita

ABSTRACTRecent advances in historical national accounting have allowed for global comparisons of GDPper capitaacross space and time. Critics have argued that GDPper capitafails to capture adequately the multi-dimensional nature of welfare, and have developed alternative measures such as the human development index. Whilst recognising that these wider indicators provide an appropriate way of assessing levels of welfare, we argue that GDPper capitaremains a more appropriate measure for assessing development potential, focussing on production possibilities and the sustainability of consumption. Twentieth-century Africa and pre-industrial Europe are used to show how such data can guide reciprocal comparisons to provide insights into the process of development on both continents.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Human Development Index in Central Asian Countries

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Öngel ◽  
İlyas Sözen ◽  
Ahmet Alkan Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Political Preference ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Economic Development And Growth

Economic development and growth had been the most important target among all goverments throughout the history. In this respect, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan in Middle Asian Region had chosen development as primary target in 20 years time after their independence. Human capital is the leading factor to maintain economic development and growth. Development and growth terms over which different meanings and concepts were imposed in time, necessitated several political economic alterations. Before 1970’s, increase in income had been sufficient criterion for the development of a government. But nowadays economic development incorporates factors such as life expectancy at birth, school enrolment ratio, literancy rate, gender discrimination, poverty alleviation, equal distribution of income beyond economic growth. Herewith this change political preference and priorities has started to differentiate. The aim of this study is to discuss human development index (HDI) data of 5 Middle Asian countries in 2010 and changes in HDI in years after their independence. Comparisan between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and HDI rates are also performed within this analysis. This study consists of data of 5 Middle Asian countries between years 1990-2010. Basic, retrospective, illustrative library method is used as the study method. In conclusion, we find that increase in GDP did not reflect over HDI in Middle Asian Countries within 20-years period.

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