scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF MORPHOGENESIS OF CHANGES IN THE PERIODONTIUM AT EXPERIMENTAL ACTION OF OPIOID DURING TWO WEEKS AND ITS SUBSEQUENT FOUR WEEKS CANCELLATION AND CORRECTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Fik V. B. ◽  
Mota O. M. ◽  
Halyuk U. M. ◽  
Palʹtov Ye. V.
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Opioid Withdrawal ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Morphological Organization ◽  
Optical Level

The aim of the study was to examine the periodontal tissues of white rats under two weeks of opioid exposure, after its abolition and drug correction for four weeks at the optical level. After two weeks of experimental action of the opioid analgesic and its subsequent four-week withdrawal, pronounced irreversible changes in the structural components of the periodontium of animals were not detected, however, and their complete recovery was not observed. The proposed drug correction with pentoxifylline and ceftriaxone with opioid withdrawal after two weeks of its administration, led to the restoration of microcirculation and trophic tissues of periodontal tissues of rats, their morphological organization was approaching normal.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF GINGIVAL MUCOUS MEMBRANE COMPONENTS OF RATS IN THE LATE TERMS OF CHRONIC OPIOID INFLUENCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fik V. B.
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
White Male ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Gingival Mucosa

The aim of this study was to examine the morphometric parameters of the thickness of the epithelial plate of the gingival mucosa, the height of the connective tissue papillae and the diameter of the lumen of hemomicrovascular white rats in the dynamics after eight, ten and twelve weeks of chronic opioid exposure. Experimental studies were performed on white male rats of reproductive age. For twelve weeks, rats were injected intramuscularly with the opioid analgesic nalbuphine at increasing average therapeutic doses of 0.212 to 0.3 mg/kg body weight. Fragments of rat jaws were used for histological and morphometric studies. Based on the analysis of the obtained morphometric parameters of the studied components of the gums, it was found that in the late stages of chronic opioid exposure there was a significant decrease in epithelial thickness and connective tissue papillae and a significant increase in the lumen diameter of hemomicrocirculatory progression of inflammatory-dystrophic changes in periodontal tissues.

scholarly journals УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ПАРОДОНТА ПРИ ЧОТИРЬОХТИЖНЕВІЙ ДІЇ ОПІОЇДНОГО АНАЛЬГЕТИКА

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Фік В. Б. ◽  
Пальтов Є. В. ◽  
Кривко Ю. Я.
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Cellular Components

This paper presents the results of an electron microscopic study of the cellular components of periodontal tissues with experimental exposure to opioids for 28 days. It has been established that degenerative-destructive changes in all structural components of the periodontium occur during the four-week action of the opioid analgesic. The researches carried out in the future can serve for the differential characterization of the destructive manifestations arising during the short and long-term action of opioid analgesics at the ultrastructural level.

scholarly journals Electronic microscopic research on periodont in experimental two-weight opioid action and after its over for four weeks

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
V.B. Fik ◽  
Ye.V. Paltov ◽  
Yu.Ya. Kryvko
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
The Mean

Due to the harmful effects of opioid agents in the uncontrolled use of them, it is impossible to ease the early manifestations of damage to the tissues and organs of the oral cavity, which is a pressing problem of today. The purpose of this work was to investigate the features of the sub-microscopic organization of the structural components of the periodontium under the action of an opioid analgesic for two weeks and its four-week withdrawal in the experiment. The study was conducted on 22 adult rats-males of the Wistar line, weighing 160 g, 4.5-6 months of age. Animals were administered intramuscularly daily, once a single opioid analgesic nalbuphine for the first two weeks, in terms of the mean therapeutic dose for the rat, as well as for the mean weight of the test group (0.212 mg/kg), and subsequent four weeks. The fragments of soft periodontal tissue were used for electron microscopic examination. Submicroscopically expressed destructive changes in periodontal tissues were not observed. However, the positive dynamics of regeneration of periodontal components at the ultrastructural level were also not revealed. In the cytoplasm of cells of the epithelium of the free part of the gums, there is destruction of organelles, partially damaged mitochondrial cristae, poorly contoured tonofilaments, shallow karyolemma invaginations, thickened areas and damaged desmosomal contacts. In the surface areas of the periodontium, the collagen fibers are partially stratified, there is moderate swelling of the intercellular substance of the connective tissue, part of the fibrocytes invaginating the karyolemma of the nucleus and placement of heterochromatin in the periphery. Ultrastructurally in the cytoplasm of the macrophage, lysosomes are detected, phagosomes are scarce, indicating a slight damage to the structures. In the gaps of the blood capillaries, blood cells are formed, mainly erythrocytes, in the perinuclear part of the cytoplasm of organelles are few, mitochondria with electron-light matrix and small cristae, perivascular edema is insignificant, there are destructively altered mitochondria in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells of venules, the basement membrane is thickened, the perivascular spaces are enlarged. Thus, at the end of the sixth week of the experiment, no short-term irreversible changes in the ultrastructural organization of the periodontal components were detected in the short-term effect of the opioid for two weeks and its subsequent four-week cancellation. However, the complete restoration of the structural components of the periodontium is not observed, there are signs of reactive changes, reparative processes are slowed.

scholarly journals ЕЛЕКТРОННОМІКРОСКОПІЧНІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПАРОДОНТА ПРИ ДІЇ ОПІОЇДУ ВПРОДОВЖ ШЕСТИ ТИЖНІВ

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (8(38)) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Фік В. Б. ◽  
Савка І. І. ◽  
Пальтов Є. В. ◽  
Кривко Ю. Я.
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Microcirculatory Bed ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Morphological Basis ◽  
Experimental Effect ◽  
Cellular Components

The following work is aimed at studying the features of the restructuring of the structural components of periodontal tissues under the conditions of a six-week experimental effect of an opioid analgesic at the ultrastructural level. Destructive changes were found in all cellular components of the mucous membrane of the gums, the periodontium and in the links of the microcirculatory bed. The ultrastructural manifestations in periodontal tissues that occur with the action of an opioid analgesic for six weeks may serve as a morphological basis for further study of the dynamics of submicroscopic changes in the later stages of opioid exposure in the experiment.

scholarly journals The quantity of neutrofil and makrophage after the application of red ginger on white rats with chronic periodontitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridha Andayani ◽  
Santi Chismirina ◽  
Hessyi Amanda Pratiwi ◽  
Melati Hayatul Husni
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Red Ginger ◽  
To Receive ◽  
One Way Anova

Introduction: Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontitis. The major etiology of periodontitis is gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, Tannarela forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis which locally invade periodontal tissues and affect the immune system cells. Neutrophils and macrophage play central role in inflammation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantity of neutrophil and macrophage due to the application of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) extract of rat chronic periodontitis. Methods: The type of this research was experimental laboratoris post test only control group. In order to induce experimental periodontitis, the mandibular insisivus was assigned to receive wire 0,008 inch in marginal gingival. Then, red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) extract that has bioactive compounds was topically administered to the rats. Results: This study showed there were no neutrophils in histopathologic of rat’s periodontal tissue, bu there were amount of macrophage. Then macrophage analyzed by one way ANOVA showed significant differrences in each group (P<0,05) and continued with LSD. Conclusions: there was no effect of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) extract toward the quantity of neutrophils, but affected on the number of macrophage.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF CELLULAR TECHNOLOGIES FOR REGENERATION OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES IN EXPERIMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei P. Rubnikovich ◽  
Igor D. Volotovsky ◽  
Yulia L. Denisova ◽  
Тatiana E. Vladimirskaya ◽  
Vasilina A. Andreeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
White Rats

A promising scope of modern scientific research is the use of autologous and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells for regeneration of periodontal tissues. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nature of morphological changes in the pathologically altered periodontal tissues after injection of a biotransplant containing mesenchymal stem cells of the adipose tissue immobilized on a collagen carrier in an animal experiment. In the experiment, 60 randobbred females of white rats were used as a model, whose adipose tissue was taken to obtain allogenic mesenchymal stem cells. All animals were divided into 5 groups, depending on the planned method of treatment – 10 rats each. The control group consisted of 10 laboratory animals with healthy gingiva. The experimental gingival recession model was created by the V-shaped excision of periodontal tissues. The bioplastic collagen material “Collost” gel 7 % in isolated form determines the fibrosis intensification and serves as a “matrix” for the formation of a fibrous tissue, ensures the adhesion of stem cells and their transformation into pro- and fibroblasts. Injection of a cell transplant suspension into physiological saline activates the processes of cell proliferation and transformation of fibroblast differentiating cells. Suspension of the cell transplant on a sterile bioplastic collagen material “Collost” gel 7 % enhances the effects of gel and stem cells, promotes the leveling of atrophic and dystrophic changes in the gum, strengthening a mechanical component, reducing the recession of the gum and the depth of the gingival pocket.

QUERCETIN POTENTIATES ANTIRADICAL PROPERTIES OF EPIGALLOCATECHIN-3-GALLATE IN PERIODONTIUM OF RATS UNDER SYSTEMIC AND LOCAL ADMINISTRATION OF LIPOPOLISACCHARIDE OF SALMONELLA TYPHI

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1499-1503
Author(s):  
Alina M. Yelins’ka ◽  
Lilia I. Liashenko ◽  
Vitalii O. Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Systemic And Local Administration

Introduction: There has been demonstrated that pharmaceutical effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol, which is found in green tea (Camellia sinensis), is implemented through the activation of Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2).The importance of Keap1 / Nrf2 / antioxidant response element (ARE) system is determined by the fact that the state of NF-κB- and АР-1-associated pathways depends on its activity. Recent studies have demonstrated the property of quercetin to suppress ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of complex of NF-κB and its inhibitory protein IκB. All this provides preconditions to eliminate the potentiality of NF-κB-dependent expression of the number of genes of pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory proteins. However, co-effect produced by quercetin and EGCG on the oxidative nitrosative stress markers in the periodontal tissues is still unclear. The aim: To investigate the co-effect produced by quercetin and an inducer of the Keap1 / Nrf2 / ARE epigallocatechin-3-gallate on markers of oxidative-nitrosative stress in rats’ periodontium under the systemic and local administration of Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and methods: The studies were conducted on 30 white rats of the Wistar line, divided into 5 groups: the 1st included intact animals, the 2nd was made up of animals after their exposure to combined systemic and local LPS administration, the 3rd and 4th groups included animals, which were given injections with water-soluble form of quercetin (corvitin) and EGCG respectively, and the 5th group involved rats, which were injected with co-administered corvitin and EGCG. The formation of superoxide anion radical (.О-2 ) was evaluated by a test with nitro blue tetrazolium using spectrophotometry of the periodontal soft tissue homogenate. The total activity of NO-synthase and concentration of peroxynitrite in the homogenate of the soft components of periodontium were evaluated spectrophotometrically. Results: Co-effect produced by corvitin and EGCG under systemic and local LPS administration is accompanied with reduced О-2 production by NADPH-dependent electron transport chains (microsomal and NOS) by 20.0 % (p<0.05) compared with values for the animals received separate corvitin during the experiment. .О-2 generation by the mitochondrial respiratory chain yielded to comparable data of the 3rd and 4th groups by 27.6 % (p<0.01) and 23.8 % (p<0.05) respectively. No differences were found between the groups exposed to combined or separate action of the above mentioned agents in the experiment when assessing О-2 generation by leukocyte NADPH-oxidase. Combined effect of corvitin and EGCG during systemic and local LSP administration showed the decrease in NOS activity and peroxynitrite concentration in periodontal tissues by 53.3 % (p<0.001) and 27.0 % (p<0.02) compared with the findings in the 3rd group, and by 42.0 % (p<0.01) and 22.3 % (p<0.01) in the 4th group. Conclusions: the co-administration of water-soluble form of quercetin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate under systemic and local introducing of lipopolysaccharide Salmonella typhi has been proven to be more effective means for preventing and correcting oxidative-nitrosative stress in the periodontal tissues than this occurs at separate administration of each of the polyphenols.

Impact of Ondansetron on Withdrawal Signs, Fentanyl Requirement and Pain Relief in Opioid-addicted Patients under General Anesthesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-241
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Mahikhan ◽  
Morteza Hashemian ◽  
Tania Dehesh ◽  
Elham Jafari ◽  
Mandana Jafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Opioid Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Withdrawal Signs

Background: Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists such as ondansetron have been investigated to attenuate opioid withdrawal signs in studies. Objective: Therefore, we designed a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial to evaluate this effect on opioid-addicted patients who were admitted to the orthopedic department for surgery due to bone fractures. Methods: Male adults who were addicted to opioids, aged 18 to 79 years were enrolled (n=96) and randomized into intravenous doses (4 & 8 mg) of ondansetron (n=32) and placebo (n=32). The vital signs, withdrawal symptoms and the frequency requirement of fentanyl were recorded during anesthesia, and opioid (pethidine) analgesic was received during the recovery period. Outcome parameters were analyzed for reduction of withdrawal symptoms in addicted adults. Results: We indicated that ondansetron demonstrated significant differences with few vital outcomes including systolic blood pressure (SBP) 20 (SBP3) and 50 min (SBP4) after injection of ondansetron during the period of surgery. Ondansetron could also significantly reduce the frequency requirement of fentanyl at 20 min (dose 3) in general anesthesia. Furthermore, requirement for further administration of opioid analgesic drugs such as pethidine was significantly reduced in the ondansetron groups. Objective opioid withdrawal scale (OOWS) results indicated that few clinical parameters including tremor, hot and cold flushes and anxiety were significantly attenuated in addicted patients who received ondansetron. Conclusion: This study demonstrated supporting evidence for the beneficial treatment of ondansetron for the control of withdrawal symptoms and pain in addicted patients, and more clinical studies are suggested in this regard.

scholarly journals Electron microscopic changes in the skin of rats 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after thermal trauma on the background of the introduction for the first 7 days of 0.9% NaCl solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
O.Ye. Маievskyi ◽  
Ye.V. Mironov ◽  
G.М. Galunko ◽  
N.P. Ocheretna ◽  
I.V. Gunas
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Thermal Trauma ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Solution Studies

A burn wound occurs as a result of exposure to high-temperature skin or chemicals and is a serious injury with systemic effects. The problem of treatment of thermal trauma is urgent for modern medicine. Despite the fact that the overall mortality rate has dropped significantly in recent years, research about the development of new treatments and technologies for patients with skin burns is extremely important. The aim of the study is to research the features of electron microscopic changes in the skin of rats during the month after burns of II-III degree against the background of the introduction of the first 7 days of 0.9% NaCl solution. Studies were performed on 180 laboratory white rats-males weighing 155-160 g. In the course of the experiment, the animals were divided into 2 groups: 1 – rats without thermal injury, which were infused with 0.9% NaCl solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg; group 2 – rats which infused 0.9% NaCl solution at a dose of 10 ml/kg for 7 days after skin burns. Burning skin damage was caused by applying to the lateral surfaces of the trunk of rats for 10 seconds four copper plates, heated in water at a constant temperature of 100 C. The total area of skin lesion in rats was 21-23%. Shaving of the lateral surfaces of rats’ trunk, catheterization of veins, staging of skin burns, and decapitation of animals (after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days) were performed under intravenous propofol anesthesia (calculated at 60 mg/kg body weight). Preparations for electron microscopic examination were prepared according to the standard procedure. The data obtained were studied using a PEM-125K electron microscope. Electron microscopic studies of the skin of animals after thermal trauma under the conditions of application of 0.9% NaCl solution have found that in the early stages of the experiment – the stage of shock and early toxemia (1, 3, 7 days) compensatory and adaptive changes of its structural components are combined with signs of destructive disorders. In the epitheliocytes of the epidermis of the affected area of the skin is the destruction of nuclei and cytoplasm. Vascular disorders in the dermis are combined with changes in fibroblasts, an intercellular substance of fibrous connective tissue. In the late stages of the experiment – the stages of late toxemia and septicotoxemia (14, 21 and 30 days), there is a further development and deepening of destructive-dystrophic changes of all structural components of the affected skin, they become irreversible. The processes of granulation tissue formation, its transformation into connective tissue, as well as marginal epithelialization are slow. This morphological condition of the burn wound indicates the need for the use of corrective drugs to reduce destructive changes and the activation of regenerative processes in the area of skin lesions.

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