scholarly journals ЗМІНИ ХОЛЕЦИСТОКІНІНУ-ПАНКРЕОЗИМІНУ У ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНИЙ НЕКАМЕНЕВИЙ ХОЛЕЦИСТИТ У ПОЄДНАННІ З НЕАЛКОГОЛЬНОЮ ЖИРОВОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ ПЕЧІНКИ І СТАБІЛЬНОЮ ІШЕМІЧНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ СЕРЦЯ

World Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohdana Vatseba ◽  
Nataliya Virstyuk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Acalculous Cholecystitis ◽  
Sphincter Of Oddi ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Neurohumoral Regulation ◽  
Chronic Acalculous Cholecystitis ◽  
Lipid Spectrum ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Disorders in the system of neurohumoral regulation, gastrointestinal peptide hormones, such as cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ), which also acts as a neurotransmitter, are of great importance in the development of the biliary tract pathology. The influence of CCK-PZ on the gallbladder function in patients with chronic acalculous cholecystitis in combination with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD) remains unexplored.We have examined 60 patients with chronic acalculous cholecystitis, among which patients with concomitant NAFLD and SIHD or without comorbidity were distinguished. The lipid spectrum of the blood was determined for all patients, the level of CCK-PZ in the blood serum was determined by the enzyme immunoassay using reagents made by Peninsula Laboratories Inc (USA). A polypositional ultrasound examination of the gallbladder was performed, as well as a fractional multiple moment duodenal intubation. It was found that the combination of chronic acalculous cholecystitis with NAFLD and SIHD is manifested by a significant violation of lipid metabolism, dyslipidemia, an increase in cholesterol of proatherogenic lipoprotein fractions and a deficiency of high density lipoproteins. A decrease in the level of cholecystokinin-pancreosimin in patients with chronic acalculous cholecystitis leads to a decrease in the contractility of the gallbladder and an increase in the tone of the sphincter of Oddi. An increase in the level of triacylglycerols and total cholesterol leads to an increase in the flow of lipids into the wall of the gallbladder, which is manifested by its thickening and hypotension of the gallbladder.

scholarly journals The Mutual Influence of the State of the Lipid Spectrum of Blood and Content of Adipokines on the Clinical Course of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Presence of Comorbid Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
A. A. Antoniv ◽  
◽  
O. S. Khukhlina ◽  
Z. Ya. Kotsiubiychuk ◽  
V. V. Vivsyannuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Lipid Spectrum ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The purpose of the study was to find out the probable mutual influence of the state of the lipid spectrum of blood and content of adipokines in blood: leptin, adiponectin on the clinical course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease against the background of obesity depending on its form and the presence of comorbid chronic kidney disease. Materials and methods. 444 patients were examined: of which 84 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with grade I obesity (group 1), which contained 2 subgroups: 32 patients with non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis and 52 patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; 270 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with comorbid obesity of the I degree and chronic kidney disease of the I-III stage (group 2), including 110 patients with non-alcoholic steatosis of the liver and 160 patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The control group consisted of 90 patients with chronic kidney disease stage I-III with normal body weight (group 3). The mean age of patients was (45.8±3.81) years. Results and discussion. The study showed that patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and obesity without concomitant chronic kidney disease are characterized by the following changes in the blood lipid spectrum: maximum increase in blood triacylglycerols (by 2.1 times, p <0.05), a probable increase in total cholesterol (by 1.4 times, p <0.05) and proatherogenic low-density lipoproteins (by 1.6 times, p <0.05), a probable decrease in anti-atherogenic high-density lipoproteins (by 1.6 times, p <0.05), which with the addition of comorbid chronic kidney disease are likely to deepen (within 1.5-1.8 times, p <0.05), in addition to hyper triacylglycerol. According to the results of the study, the content of leptin in the blood was significantly increased by 1.4 times (p <0.05) compared with almost healthy individuals, which differed significantly from patients with non-alcoholic steatosis of the liver with chronic kidney disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with chronic kidney disease (p <0.05). The content of adiponectin in the blood was significantly reduced by 1.4 times compared with almost healthy individuals (p <0.05) and also differed significantly from patients with non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis with chronic kidney disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with chronic kidney disease (p <0.05). Conclusion. Based on the results, it was found that significant metabolic prerequisites for the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis against the background of obesity and chronic kidney disease are probable postprandial hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, increased glycosylation of hemoglobin. Hyperleptinemia and hypoadiponectinemia are also factors in the burden of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and obesity due to the progression of mesenchymal inflammation and cytolysis of hepatocytes

scholarly journals Impact of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on the Course of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-200
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mitsinskaya ◽  
Victor Kaschenko ◽  
Mikhail Fishman ◽  
Alexey C. Sokolov ◽  
V. S. Samoilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Introduction. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common pathologies in obesity, at the same time the impact of bariatric operations on the course of NAFLD remains unresolved and debatable, the issue determining the relevance of this work.The aim of the study was to assess the effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on the course of NAFLD and determine the criteria that affect the dynamics of NAFLD after a performed bariatric intervention.Materials and methods. The study included clinical outcomes of 64 patients who underwent LSG between 2014 and 2017. Intraoperative liver biopsy, laboratory and instrumental investigations, the calculation of FibroTest in dynamics were performed to all patients. The frequency of postoperative complications was assessed. Follow up examinations including 58 (90.6%) patients were carried out during 2 years.Results. Initially, 29 (45,3%) patients manifested signs of fibrosis according to METAVIR, and 19 (29,7%) patients manifested signs of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Elevated transaminases were registered in 14 (21,9%) patients, elevated levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) were registered in 47 (73,4%) patients, increased total bilirubin were registered in 12 (18,8%) patients, increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were registered in 21 (32,8%) patients. There was an increased level of trygliceride (TG) and decreased level of high density lipoproteins (HDL) in 54 (84,4%) patients. Ultrasound investigation of the liver revealed an increased liver size in 46 (71,9%) patients, diffuse heterogeneity of the liver in 61 (95,3%), hyperechogenicity in 60 (93,8%) patients. Manifestations of liver cirrhosis were registered in 1 (1,6%) patient.There was a significant decrease in the excess body weight in the postoperative period, and hereat, the % EBMIL (Excess Body Mass Index Loss, percentage of overweight loss) in 1 year after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy achieved satisfactory values and amounted to 68,30 [58,67-78,77] %. ALT, AST findings were normal in 79,7% of operated patients, cholestasis parameters - in 76,5% of operated patients, FibroTest findings - in 42,2% of cases. In 6 months after surgery there was a deterioration of the clinical and biochemical properties of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which was transient and regressed in one year after surgery. The mortality rate during the entire follow-up period was 0%. The effect of the surgery on the signs of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease persisted for 2 years after surgery.Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy demonstrated high effectiveness in patients under 45 years old compared to the patients over 45 years old, and in patients with initial stages of fibrosis F0-F2 by METAVIR compared to patients with stages F3-F4 by METAVIR. In addition, patients with BMI higher than 40 kg/m2 achieved higher FibroTest findings after 6 months compared to subjects with BMI lower than 40 kg/m2, and in fewer cases FibroTest findings normalized in 1 year after surgery, respectively.Conclusions. Therefore, it was noted the efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in patients with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; at the same time, it was revealed a transient worsening of the course of the disease in 6 months after surgery.

Drug for contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination: new dimension in early diagnosis of angionephrosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease background

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (30) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
A. V. Borsukov ◽  
O. A. Gorbatenko ◽  
D. Yu. Venidiktova ◽  
I. Z. Pulatova
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective. To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the contrast-enhanced third-generation agent in the detection of angionephrosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease background.Materials and methods. 26 patients (9 men and 17 women; mean age 61.5 ± 4.3 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and NAFLD were examined. All patients underwent complex diagnostics, including: quantitative ultrasound steatometry of the liver in the framework of combined elastography with visual and quantitative assessment of the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic wave; ultrasound examination of the kidneys in B-mode with vascular diagnostics in the Doppler mapping mode. Also, all patients underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of the kidneys with the contrast agent for the diagnosis of angionephrosclerosis.Results. The method of CEUS of the kidneys with patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD has sensitivity of 92.7 %, and accuracy of 90.4 %. Color Doppler mode has sensitivity of 66.5–81.4 %, and accuracy of 58.4–73.6 %.Conclusion. The ultrasound contrast agent may be used in the early diagnosis of angionephrosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD as a non-alternative imaging method with no radiation exposure and no nephrotoxicity.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Experimental Animals with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Under Conditions of Hypobaric Hypoxia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 822-826
Author(s):  
Nurgul Toktogulova ◽  
Rustam Tukhvatshin ◽  
Elmira Mainazarova
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hypobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Lipid Spectrum ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AIM: The aim of the study was to study the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 4 (IL-4), on a model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in experimental animals under conditions of low mountains and hypobaric hypoxia. METHODS: The study was carried out on 180 male Wistar rats, which were divided into control and experimental groups. The rats of the control group were on a standard diet. NAFLD was modeled by keeping animals on a diet (Ackermann et al., 2005) rich in fructose and fat in conditions of low mountains and hypobaric hypoxia (in a pressure chamber 6000 m above sea level) for 35 and 70 days. Total cholesterol (TC) and lipid spectrum, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined in all groups of animals. RESULTS: The activity of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the main group during the rise of animals in the pressure chamber increased statistically significantly on the 35th day in comparison with the low-altitude group by more than 2 times, and on the 70th day of staying at the high-altitude did not have convincing differences from the low-altitude group. The cytokine index (TNF-α/IL-4) of animals in conditions of hypobaric hypoxia on a fructose enriched diet increased by more than 1.5 times after 5 weeks, staying at an altitude for 10 weeks led to a decrease of TNF-α/IL-4 in relation to the low-mountain group, in which the opposite picture was observed - a tendency towards an increase in TNF-α/IL-4. IL-4 and TNF-α _levels were statistically significantly correlated with lipid metabolism disorders. CONCLUSION: NAFLD in animals on a special diet enriched with fructose under conditions of hypobaric hypoxia leads to deeper disturbances in the system of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the lipid spectrum.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ZONULIN IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIVER FIBROSIS IN OBESE ADOLESCENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Liudmyla K. Parkhomenko ◽  
Larysa A. Strashok ◽  
Margaryta A. Khomenko
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The aim: To study the relationship between zonulin level and PNFI (pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis index) in obese adolescents. Material and methods: A total of fifty-nine obese subjects aged 12-17 years and thirteen healthy subjects were included in the study. Clinical, biochemical parameters, including serum zonulin, were examined and abdominal ultrasound examination was performed. For the assessment of liver fibrosis PNFI was calculated. Results: According to ultrasound examination 71,2% of obese adolescents had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Calculation of PNFI showed that 25,4% of obese subjects had fibrotic processes in the liver. Obese adolescents had significantly higher zonulin levels compared to normal weight peers – 91,8±3,1 vs 15,9±5,1 respectively (р<0,01). A significant positive correlation was established between zonulin levels and such parameters as body mass index, waist circumference / height ratio, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, PNFI (p<0,05). Conclusions: The level of zonulin increases with an increase of the index for evaluating liver fibrosis (PNFI) in obese adolescents. This may indicate the effect of the state of the intestinal barrier on the development and progression of obesity-related liver pathology, namely NAFLD, in obese adolescents.

Vitamin D levels are not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity in a Brazilian population

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jeniffer Danielle M. Dutra ◽  
Quelson Coelho Lisboa ◽  
Silvia Marinho Ferolla ◽  
Carolina Martinelli M. L. Carvalho ◽  
Camila Costa M. Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract. Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight Children and its Relationship with Retinol Serum Levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suano de Souza ◽  
Silverio Amancio ◽  
Saccardo Sarni ◽  
Sacchi Pitta ◽  
Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the retinol serum levels, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children. To relate these biochemical variables with the risk of this disease in the population studied. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and prospective, with 46 overweight/obese school children (28 female, 18 male; mean age 8.6 years). The control group consisted of 45 children, paired by age and gender. Hepatic steatosis, evaluated by ultrasound, was classified as normal, mild, moderate, or severe. Also evaluated were serum retinol levels; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; lipid profile; and fasting glucose and serum insulin levels, used for the calculation of the Homeostasis Model Assessment. Results: Hepatic ultrasound alterations were found in 56.5% and 48,9% of the overweight/obese and control group children, respectively. Presence of obesity was associated with high levels of triglycerides (OR = 4.6; P = 0.002). In the studied children, the risk of steatosis was related to a trend to a higher percentage of retinol inadequacy (OR = 2.8; p = 0.051); there was no association with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid profile, or insulin resistance. Conclusions: The high frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in both groups, evaluated by hepatic ultrasound, in low-socioeconomic level children, independent of nutritional condition and without significant association with insulin resistance, emphasizes that especially in developing countries, other risk factors such as micronutrient deficiencies (e.g. vitamin A) are involved.

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