LEGAL STATUS OF THE SOLE EXECUTIVE BODY OF A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY

Author(s):  
Yulia Fanilevna Aitova ◽  

The article analyzes the issue of determining the legal status of the individual management body of a limited liability company. The author begins his research with the concept of legal status existing in the general theory of law, and then proceeds to consider the issue from the point of view of philosophical categories. In addition, the work explores the diversity of points of view existing in the doctrine regarding the legal status of the individual management body of economic societies.

Author(s):  
Magdalena Stopiak

The consent of the general meeting of the shareholders of a joint stock company for the sale of assets of this companyThe aim of the article is to analyze the disputable issues regarding the requirement of consent passed by ownership entities the shareholders’ meeting and the general meeting of shareholders, respectively in a limited liability company and a joint-stock company. The author indicates results of infringement of article 393 and 288 Code of Commercial Companies, as well as the practical problems on the ground of those regulation of presented issues are considered on the basis of actual states, which are relevant from a practical point of view. Thorough analysis helps to identify a view which is better in the light of the binding legal status.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
LESTARI NINGRUM

Aviation business is a capital intensive and high risk in terms of safety. Legislation in force in Indonesia requires enterprises should cost in the form of a limited liability company that is obliged to deposit the basic capital of 500 billion rupiah. The capital cannot be made in working capital which is useful for the collateral to a third party. The regulations for a limited liability company are to be established by at least 2 people. The purpose of this research is to analyze the linkage of the board directors and the status of aviation industry licensing law. The position of the legal status of business entities where shareholder is only one person is to be studied in this descriptive study. The result shows that the airlines company should provide the capital risk and high insurance of the third party. UUPT also has given the authority of the shareholders (who owns 20 % of the share) to be decision makers in the company. However, without independent surveillance, it is possible that the shareholders do some mistakes in making decisions. Some mistakes are related to the policy, the using of authorized capital, and others. Aviation business is a capital intensive and high risk in terms of safety. Legislation in force in Indonesia requires enterprises should cost in the form of a limited liability company that is obliged to deposit the basic capital of 500 billion rupiah. The capital cannot be made in working capital which is useful for the collateral to a third party. The regulations for a limited liability company are to be established by at least 2 people. The position of the legal status of business entities where shareholder is only one person is to be studied in this descriptive study.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Moh Syaifur Rijal

The purpose of this study is to analyze the legal status and accountability of Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) as a financial institution in Indonesia, because so far BMT has two main functions,  the first, Baitul Maal as a non-profit institution that distributes zakat, infaq and alms, and the second, Baitul Tamwil is an institution whose function is to collect and to distribute commercial funds. This research uses normative research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the legal status of BMTs so far can only be established with the status of a cooperative or limited liability company. It refers to the characteristics possessed by BMT itself. The form of BMT accountability follows the form of liability that exists in the form of a BMT legal entity, if the loss is caused by the management or organs, the management or organs are jointly and severally responsible, but otherwise if the management or organs can prove then the management or organs are not jointly responsible for the losses incurred by BMT.


Author(s):  
Tomasz Pilikowski

Disclosure of the current method of representation of a limited liability company and liability for breach of the undertakingThe existence and participation of legal persons in the market makes it necessary to verify the persons representing them to perform actions on their behalf. Information about artificial persons — including the rules of representation and persons entitled to represent them — is available due to their disclosure in the National Court Register. However, it may happen that for whatever reason the register’s information may not correspond to the actual legal status. The provisions of the National Court Register Act provide for the possibility of such a situation, but the normative regulation does not settle all controversies in a satisfactory manner. The article tries to answer the question how the legal person can demonstrate the rightfulness of its representation when the composition of the relevant bodies does not coincide with the composition disclosed in the National Court Register. In the current legal situation, the problem is opened whether and how the legal person can demonstrate the correctness of the representation when the composition of the relevant bodies does not coincide with the composition disclosed in the National Court Register. The consequence of this problem is the issue of the assessment of liability for improper performance of the undertaking, if as a result of the said discrepancy, the obligation will be breached e.g. as a result of the failure to conclude a preliminary contract within the prescribed period.The author tries to solve these problems and settle the controversies arising, referring to the views of his own thoughts and views of doctrine and jurisprudence. The position presented in the article is the result of an analysis of the applicable legal provisions, especially the National Court Register Act, and the jurisprudence and doctrine resulting from it.


Author(s):  
Андрей Владимирович Кулаков ◽  
Ольга Рениславовна Родионова

Общей теорией права и отраслевыми науками достаточно давно исследуется структура правового статуса личности и место в данной структуре юридической обязанности. Доктринально обоснованной является позиция ученых, согласно которой структуру правового статуса личности, в том числе и осужденного к лишению свободы, составляют права, свободы и обязанности лица, закрепленные в нормативно-правовых актах. Несмотря на это, в отечественной науке время от времени появляются мнения ученых-правоведов, которые наряду с системой прав и обязанностей включают в состав правового статуса такие правовые явления, как «законные интересы», «гарантии прав», «юридическая ответственность» и т. д. Кроме того, подвергается сомнению и устоявшееся положение о структуре юридической обязанности как элементе правового статуса. Проведенный авторами анализ уголовно-исполнительных отношений дает основание утверждать, что, несмотря на особое правовое положение осужденных к лишению свободы, структура их правового статуса не изменяется, а юридические обязанности являются неотъемлемым ее элементом. При этом юридическая обязанность осужденного к лишению свободы, как и любого другого участника правовых отношений, всегда корреспондирует субъективному праву и состоит из четырех элементов: - необходимость совершения осужденным определенных (требуемых, должных) действий, предписанных нормативно-правовыми актами; - необходимость отреагировать на законные требования управомоченного лица; - необходимость (обязанность) претерпеть меры государственного принуждения в случае нарушения нормативно-правовых предписаний; - необходимость (обязанность) не мешать контрагенту пользоваться и/или реализовывать законное право. Только при таком подходе к юридической обязанности как элементу правового статуса осужденного ее можно считать не только средством установление границ дозволенного поведения, но и действенным регулятором общественных отношений. The legal status structure of an individual and the place of the legal obligation in it have been studied for a long time by the general theory of law and branch sciences. Doctrinally justified is the opinion of scientists, according to which the structure of the legal status of an individual including a person sentenced to imprisonment, consists of the rights, freedoms and duties of a person enshrined in normative legal acts. Despite this in Russian science from time to time there are points of view of legal scientists which along with the system of rights and obligations, include the legal status of such legal phenomena as «legitimate interests», «guarantees of rights», «legal responsibility», etc. In addition the well-established position on the legal obligation structure as an element of the legal status is also questioned. The author's analysis of penal relations gives grounds to assert that despite the special legal status of those sentenced to imprisonment the structure of their legal status does not change and legal obligations are an integral part of it. At the same time the legal obligation of a convicted person as well as any other participant in legal relations always corresponds to subjective law and consists of four elements: - the need for the convicted person to perform certain (required, due) actions prescribed by regulatory legal acts; - the need to respond to the legal requirements of the authorized person; - the need (obligation) to undergo measures of state coercion in case of violation of legal regulations; - the need (obligation) not to prevent the counterparty from using and / or exercising the legal right. Only with this approach to the legal obligation as an element of the legal status of the convicted person, it can be considered not only a means of establishing the boundaries of permissible behavior, but also an effective regulator of public relations.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2156
Author(s):  
Vitalii V. VOLYNETS ◽  
Volodymyr A. SICHEVLIUK ◽  
Ilona V. KAMINSKA

At the present stage of its development, the general theory of law is aimed at achieving, as far as possible, a greater degree of practical use. Legal theorists seek to answer questions that are devoid of scholastic nature and derive from the practice of real legal relations. The performance of this task involves the movement of fundamental science, which is the general theory of state and law, on the path of ascending from the array of abstract reflections of legal reality, already formed by it, to obtaining its more specific theoretical reproductions. The purpose of this study is to present the correlation of categories such as ‘legal person’ and ‘legal personality’. The relevance of the study lies in the inability to gain new knowledge without the dialectical application of the framework of categories and concepts and methodology of the theory of law to the study of special (e.g., branch) and single (implemented at the individual level) legal phenomena in their relation to the general regularities of the functioning of the state and law. The research presents the content, correlation and meaning of these categories in the theory of law, and demonstrates their diversified use in Ukrainian legislation. The content of the category ‘subject of law’ covers those persons to whom the rights, duties and responsibilities, which are enshrined in the rules of objective law, are addressed. The category of ‘legal personality’ emphasizes the key role of objective law in constituting legal personality.  


2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Adriána Palajová

Abstract This article deals with the transfer of stake in a general commercial company and the transfer of business share in a limited liability company especially according to Slovak legislation and also according to older and current Czech legislation. The attention is focused on the regulation of these transfers and the relations that are generated on the basis of author´s point of view and case law. The question of the admissibility and prohibition of the transfer of stake is presented in general commercial company. Analysis of the issue focuses mainly on the formal and material conditions of transfer of business share in limited liability company with differentiation on another member and on third party. Special attention is paid to the consent to that transfer granted by the general meeting or by other body of limited liability company and also is paid to the legal consequences that arise in the case of withholding of consent. The authoress seeks to point at the shortcomings of assessed legal arrangement and provides possible legislative solutions of transfer of stake or business share within the dispositive provisions of the Slovak Commercial Code.


1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366

AbstractThe Abu Dhabi Court of Cassation held that a company and the partners therein will be jointly liable even if the company was a limited liability company, if the partners or the manager of the company failed to register the company with the Commercial Register as a limited liability company and publish a Memorandum and Articles of Association of the company according to the Commercial Company Law. The Abu Dhabi Court of Cassation further held that if the company failed to declare the legal status of a limited liability company and to print the words "limited liability company" on its letterheads, and its office name plate, the partners therein will be jointly liable as a partnership.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document