scholarly journals Consumer Acceptability and Physicochemical Properties of Haitian Peanut Butter-Type Products (Mambas) Compared with U.S. Peanut Butter

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Hinds ◽  
C. M. Jolly ◽  
R. G. Nelson ◽  
Y. Donis ◽  
E. Prophete
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Consumer Acceptability ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
L Value ◽  
Random Codes ◽  
Mouth Feel ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Small-scale food processors in Haiti manufacture peanut butter-type products, locally called mambas. Mambas are prepared from ground, roasted peanuts, and may be flavored with sugar or pimiento peppers, but contain no stabilizers. This study compared acceptability by Haitian consumers and some physicochemical properties of mambas and U.S. peanut butter. Three types of mambas—Plain (no sugar or salt added), Sucre (with sugar and salt), and Pimente (with crushed pimiento peppers and salt)—and U.S. Crystal® smooth peanut butter were evaluated by 199 panelists ranging in age from 14 to 77 yr, and from three urban districts in Haiti. A randomized complete block design was used for the study. Samples in souffle cups were labeled with three-digit random codes. Panelists indicated their feelings about intensity levels of color, oily appearance, peanut flavor, sweetness, spiciness, and smooth mouth feel of the samples on five-point Just-About-Right scales. Color of the U.S. peanut butter (U.S., h° = 73.1 ± 0.70, L value = 58.9 ± 0.60) and mamba sucre (MS, h° = 74.0 ± 0.72, L value = 57.6 ± 0.74) was considered Just-Right (JR) by 67 and 57% of panelists, respectively, but the mamba pimente (MP, h° = 78.0 ± 1.27, L value = 60.4 ± 2.21) was too pale (63%). Oily appearance of all products was acceptable to 51-59% of the participants. The peanut flavor of U.S., MS, and MP was JR for 77, 80, and 74% of panelists, respectively, whereas it was too low in the plain mamba (M) for 41% of the panelists. Sixty-six and 67%, respectively, of panelists liked the sweetness of U.S. and MS, but M and MP were not sweet enough for 72 and 68%, respectively, of the panelists. Products U.S., MS, M, and MP contained 9.4 ± 0.29, 11.6 ± 0.30, 4.7 ± 0.08, and 3.7 ± 0.34% sugar, respectively. Fifty-five percent of panelists indicated that the spiciness of MP was JR, whereas 82-92% felt that the other products were not spicy enough. Panelists (63-75%) felt that the products had an acceptable mouth feel, but MS and MP were liked the most (75%). Results indicate that Haitian consumers prefer mambas that have sweet and pimiento flavors to unflavored products.

scholarly journals Effect of Blending Ratio of Mango Juice on Physicochemical and Sensory Acceptability of Soya Yoghurt, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Wasihun Wale ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sensory Acceptability ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Mango Juice ◽  
Mouth Feel

This study was conducted on effect of blending ratio of mango juice on physicochemical and sensory acceptability of soya yoghurt. To evaluate physicchemical (PH, TSS and titrateble acid) and sensory acceptability (color, taste, flavor, mouth feel and overall acceptability), four formulations of soya yoghurt samples were prepared from blending ratio of 100:0% (S1 ), 90:10% (S2 ), 80:20%(S3 ), 70:30% (S4 ) soya yoghurt and mango juice, respectively. Designs of the study were Completely Randomized for physicochemical properties and randomized complete block design for sensory acceptability with four treatments and three replications. Physicochemical properties (PH and TSS) of soya yoghurt samples had shown significant difference (p< 0.05) in mean scores, but titrateble acid of soya yoghurt samples had not shown significant difference (p<0.05) in mean scores when the amount of mango juice were increased in blending ratio. Sensory acceptability of soya yoghurt samples were increased as increase the amount of mango juice in blending ratio except color when panelists were evaluated. Soya yoghurt sample four (S4 ) had highest mean scores of sensory acceptability (flavor = 4.65, taste = 4.53, mouth feel = 4.37 and overall acceptability = 4.93) as compared to other soya yoghurt samples. Control (S1 ) soya yoghurt sample had highest mean score (4.67) of color than other soya yoghurt samples. Based on result of this study, soya yoghurt sample four (S4 =70% soya yoghurt: 30% mango juice) was recommended to increase sensory acceptability of soya yoghurt that is important for milk intolerance children. Further study will be needed on nutritional composition of soya yoghurt samples blended with mango juice.

scholarly journals Recurrent selection in inbred popcorn families

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máskio Daros ◽  
Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Jr. ◽  
Messias Gonzaga Pereira ◽  
Fabrício Santana Santos ◽  
Ana Paula Cândido Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Superior Genotypes

Although much appreciated in Brazil, commercial popcorn is currently cropped on a fairly small scale. A number of problems need to be solved to increase production, notably the obtaintion of seeds with good agronomic traits and good culinary characteristics. With the objective of developing superior genotypes in popcorn, a second cycle of intrapopulation recurrent selection based on inbred S1 families was carried out. From the first cycle of selection over the UNB-2U population, 222 S1 families were obtained, which were then divided into six sets and evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications within the sets. Experiments were carried out in two Brazilian localities. The analysis of variance revealed environmental effects for all evaluated traits, except popping and stand, showing that, for most traits, these environments affected genotype behavior in different ways. In addition, the set as source of variation was significant for most of the evaluated traits, indicating that dividing the families into sets was an efficient strategy. Genotype-by-environment interaction was detected for most traits, except popping expansion and stand. Differences among genotypes were also detected (1% F-test), making viable the proposition of using the genetic variability in the popcorn population as a basis for future recurrent selection cycles. Superior families were selected using the Smith and Hazel classic index, with predicted genetic gains of 17.8% for popping expansion and 26.95% for yield.

scholarly journals Changes in Acidity, TSS, and Sugar Content at Different Storage Periods of the Postharvest Mango (Mangifera indicaL.) Influenced by Bavistin DF

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Khairul Islam ◽  
M. Z. H. Khan ◽  
M. A. R. Sarkar ◽  
Nurul Absar ◽  
S. K. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Single Effect ◽  
Different Levels

A detailed study was carried out with the postharvest mangoes (namely, the Langra and the Khirshapat) treated with different levels of Bavistin DF (BDF) solution (namely, 250, 500, and 750 ppm) for obtaining results on biochemical changes as well as storability of postharvest mango. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results of the experiments exhibited that only the single effect of varieties was found to be significant in most of the parameters studied. The Langra enriched a greater quantity of titratable acidity and total soluble solid (TSS) at 3rd day, over the Khirshapat. On the other hand, Khirshapat showed increased pulp pH and TSS at all the storage duration. The results explored that some physicochemical properties, namely, pulp pH, TSS, sugar (total, reducing, and nonreducing), and titratable acidity along with shelf life drastically decreased from untreated mangoes. Bavistin DF with the doses of 750 ppm showed better results in delaying the changes in physicochemical properties and extended shelf life.

scholarly journals Comparison of physicochemical properties, grain quality, and ultrastructure of rice cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Zubair Noori ◽  
Abdul Ghani Qarluq ◽  
Kifayatullah Kakar ◽  
Saidajan Abdiani ◽  
Noor Agha Nawakht
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Air Gaps ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Polyhedral Shape

Genetic background, environmental conditions, and agronomical practices could influence yield components, grain quality, and physicochemical properties of rice. The study aim was to investigate the variations in yield potential, quality traits, and morphological observation among Akitakomachi (japonica), IR-28 (indica), and NERICA-4 (hybrid) varieties under the same environmental and agronomical conditions. For this, the cultivars were compared in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the paddy field of Tsukuba International Center, JICA, Tsukuba, Japan in 2017. All cultivars were transplanted at a spacing of 15×30 cm using three seedlings per hill. The results exhibited that Akitakomachi had a higher number of panicles per m2 (344.3), and the ripening ratio (94.3%) across all cultivars. In addition, IR-28 and Akitakomachi achieved significantly higher rough rice yield (6.9 t/h & 6.1 t/h), respectively, compared to NERICA-4 (4.9 t/h). However, NERICA-4 was associated with the significantly higher amylose and protein contents, which resulted in the reduction of the taste point than other cultivars. Furthermore, the lowest grain transparent (34.2%) and highest chalky grain (47.7%) were obtained in NERICA-4, which leads to lower grain quality. IR-28 and NERICA-4 were classified as long and slender grain types, whereas, Akitakomachi as a short and medium grain, respectively. The micrographs observation displayed that regular starch granules with polyhedral shape were arranged without air gaps in transparent grains of all cultivars. In contrast, the endosperm of chalky grains in NERICA-4 and IR-28 revealed that irregular starch granules with round shape were loosely packed. Thus, each cultivar should be considered based on growing regions and the cultivated aims.

scholarly journals Yield and morpho physical characters of some modern aus rice varieties at Khagrachari

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushan Chowhan ◽  
Md. Khan Jahan Ali ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Md. Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Md. Ibrahim Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Significant Comparison ◽  
Short Time

Aus, aman and boro are three rice cultivating seasons in Bangladesh. Among these aus is the least cultivated and grown in comparatively small scale due to prevailing drought and less availability of surface water for irrigation. Modern varieties of aus rice cover a significant area of the country conversely local cultivars cover a small area. Aus rice requires much fewer inputs than aman and boro. Due to continuous declination of groundwater level, nowadays more emphasis is given on the extension of aus cultivation throughout the country. The present field study tested yield and morphological attributes of six developed aus rice varieties viz. Binadhan-14, Binadhan-19, BRRI dhan43, BRRI dhan48, BRRI dhan55 and BRRI dhan65 to characterize yield, maturity and phenological properties. The field trial was set at Satvaiyapara of Khagrachari during 2018 following Randomized Complete Block design with dispersed plots. All data were collected at harvest and analysed statistically by Statistix 10. Findings revealed that statistically highest grain yield was produced from BRRI dhan55 (4.49 t/ha) and BRRI dhan48 (4.48 t/ha); the lowest by BRRI dhan65 (3.06 t/ ha). The yield of Binadhan-19 (4.37 t/ha) and Binadhan-14 (3.87 t/ha) was intermediate. In case of maturity, Binadhan-19 (99.33 days) had the shortest life duration and BRRI dhan48 (113.67 days), the longest. The greater portion of the farmers was keen to grow Binadhan-19 and Binadhan-14 instead of BRRI dhan43 and BRRI dhan48 mainly for its short duration, optimal yield, long and slender quality grain. Binadhan-19 might be a promising aus variety in the Khagrachari hill tracts for gaining favourable yield within a short time. Therefore, further studies are needed in jhum cultivation with local cultivars for more significant comparison and acceptability to the rice farming community.

DISTRIBUSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI POPULASI SINTRONG (Crossocephalum crepidiodes.Benth) RESISTEN PARAKUAT PADA LAHAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) DI KABUPATEN DAIRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Berton Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Populations

Crassocephalum crepidioides on Cornfields in Dairi Regency had been reported tobecome more difficult to control using paraquat. The objective of the research was todetermine the characteristics and the distribution of C.crepidioides resistant to paraquatin cornfields. The experiment was carried out in two steps, the first step was screeningthe population of C. crepidioides with paraquat at the recommended dose, and the secondstep, dose-response experiment for the resistance level of C. crepidioides population withdose 0, 76, 152, 304,5, 609, 1218, and 2436 g.ai /ha. In the first step experiment, paraquatdichloride was applied at 280 g.ai/ha. The treatments were arranged in a randomized blockdesign with 3 replication. The second step experiment was that the resistant populationsconfirmed in the first experiment were sprayed for their dose-response. The treatmentswere arranged in a randomized complete block design (CRBD). The results showed thatof 30 populations of C. crepidiodes, 19 populations (63.3%) were categorized to beresistant with the mortality ranging from 10.84% to 52.08%, and 11 populations (36.7%),was categorized as high resistance with mortality of 0% to 9.21%. The level ofresistance (R/S) of R-C25, R-C27, and R-C30 populations of C. crepidioides were 12,3,14,86, and 24,83 times consecutively, compared with the susceptible population. Thenumber of C. crepidioides chlorophyl leaves in susceptible populations was significantlylower than that of a resistant populations.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Pumpkin's (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leave Content of N, P, and K

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Ammar Hameed Madi ◽  
Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacterial bio-fertilization A. chroococcum and P. putide and four levels of compost (0, 1, 2, 3) tons.h-1 on the leaves content of N.P.K elements. The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Qadisiyah during fall season 2018-2019. It designed in accordance with the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates in sandy loam soil. The means of treatments were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) at (5)% probability level. The results present that the treatments of A. chroococcum, P. putide and compost at (3) tons.kg-1 significantly increases the leaves content of K.P.K compared to all other treatments in the flowering stage (4.970, 0.5000, and 4.930) mg.kg-1, respectively. This treatment was followed by the effect of the treatment of A. chroococcum and compost at (3) tons.kg-1, which increases the values of all traits except the leaf content of (P). Bio-fertilizer with P. putide + A. chroococcum significantly increases the leaves' content of P.

Growth and Branching Responses of Portulaca grandiflora to Foliar Applications of Chemical Growth Regulators

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 447c-447
Author(s):  
T.J. Banko ◽  
M.A. Stefani
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Portulaca Grandiflora ◽  
Prostrate Growth ◽  
Secondary Shoot

During container production of portulaca, growth of long, prostrate, sparsely branched stems makes handling of plants difficult, and reduces their commercial appeal. Growers prefer to minimize shoot elongation while increasing branching to provide a full, compact plant. The objectives of this study were to evaluate growth regulators for promotion of branching and inhibition of stem elongation. Container-grown plants ≈21 cm in diameter were treated with sprays of ProShear (benzylaminopurine) at 62.4, 125, and 250 ppm; Promalin (benzyaminopurine + gibberellins 4+7) at 125, 250, and 500 ppm; Atrimmec (dikegulac) at 250, 500, and 750 ppm; and Florel (ethephon) at 250, 500, and 750 ppm. These treatments were compared with untreated controls in a randomized complete-block design. Main shoot lengths were measured at 16, 31, and 51 days after treatment (DAT). Numbers of new shoot breaks were counted 16 DAT. The growth habit, that is, tendency to grow upright or prostrate, was also evaluated 16 DAT. The most-effective material for retarding primary shoot elongation and for stimulating secondary shoot development was ProShear. At 16 DAT, 250 ppm ProShear reduced shoot elongation by 25% compared to control plants. This treatment also increased the number of secondary shoot breaks by 143%. Promalin increased the number of new shoot breaks, but it also increased the lengths of all shoots. High rates of Florel and Promalin caused shoots to grow predominantly upright rather then prostrate. ProShear, however, caused more prostrate growth as rate increased.

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