Growth and Branching Responses of Portulaca grandiflora to Foliar Applications of Chemical Growth Regulators

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 447c-447
Author(s):  
T.J. Banko ◽  
M.A. Stefani
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Portulaca Grandiflora ◽  
Prostrate Growth ◽  
Secondary Shoot

During container production of portulaca, growth of long, prostrate, sparsely branched stems makes handling of plants difficult, and reduces their commercial appeal. Growers prefer to minimize shoot elongation while increasing branching to provide a full, compact plant. The objectives of this study were to evaluate growth regulators for promotion of branching and inhibition of stem elongation. Container-grown plants ≈21 cm in diameter were treated with sprays of ProShear (benzylaminopurine) at 62.4, 125, and 250 ppm; Promalin (benzyaminopurine + gibberellins 4+7) at 125, 250, and 500 ppm; Atrimmec (dikegulac) at 250, 500, and 750 ppm; and Florel (ethephon) at 250, 500, and 750 ppm. These treatments were compared with untreated controls in a randomized complete-block design. Main shoot lengths were measured at 16, 31, and 51 days after treatment (DAT). Numbers of new shoot breaks were counted 16 DAT. The growth habit, that is, tendency to grow upright or prostrate, was also evaluated 16 DAT. The most-effective material for retarding primary shoot elongation and for stimulating secondary shoot development was ProShear. At 16 DAT, 250 ppm ProShear reduced shoot elongation by 25% compared to control plants. This treatment also increased the number of secondary shoot breaks by 143%. Promalin increased the number of new shoot breaks, but it also increased the lengths of all shoots. High rates of Florel and Promalin caused shoots to grow predominantly upright rather then prostrate. ProShear, however, caused more prostrate growth as rate increased.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TRINEXAPAC-ETHYL ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUGARCANE

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
A. T. FARIA ◽  
E. A. FERREIRA ◽  
P. R. R. ROCHA ◽  
D. V. SILVA ◽  
A. A. SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Sugarcane Yield

ABSTRACT Growth regulators can be used to further retard or inhibit vegetative growth. In this sense, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of age and number of trinexapac-ethyl applications on the growth and yield of sugarcane. The experiment was in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were in a 3 x 2 + 2 factorial arrangement, where factor A corresponded to the application times of the plant growth regulator (120, 200 and 240 days after bud burst (DAB) of sugarcane) and factor B to the number of applications (one or two applications). In addition, two controls (one with three applications and another application without the regulator) were added. The application of trinexapac-ethyl decreased the number and the distance between buds, height, root volume and sugarcane yield. The sequential application (2 or 3 times) induced an increase in stem diameter and three applications of the product increased the number of plant tillers. The use of growth regulators applied at 240 DAB has reduced plant height, however without changing the number of buds. It can be concluded that trinexapac-ethyl changes sugarcane growth and yield, regardless of season and number of applications.

scholarly journals Diversity Assessment of Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica L. Beauv) Accessions Collected from Different Locations of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-488
Author(s):  
Manoj Sapkota ◽  
Madhav Prasad Pandey ◽  
Dhruba Bahadur Thapa ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Sapana Ghimire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Underutilized Crop ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv) categorized as an underutilized crop in Nepal persist a large diversity among different germplasms and accessions found in the country. Ten foxtail millet accessions were collected from different parts of Nepal and were evaluated for assessing the diversity in different characters at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur, Chitwan. The accessions were experimented in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Observations were taken for qualitative traits i.e. tip of first leaf, anthocyanin at leaf base, lobe compactness, length of bristles, anthocyanin presence, leaf blade altitude, flag leaf color, lobe in panicles, panicle lodging, inflorescence compactness, overall color, panicle anthocyanin, panicle shape and growth habit. Shannon Weiner index and Evenness were calculated to assess the diversity in the accessions under study. The maximum number of diversity in traits of lobe compactness of panicle (1.3624) followed by panicle lodging (1.1595), inflorescence compactness (1.1235) and length of bristles (1.0681). Least diversity was observed in trait of growth habit (0.3926) followed by panicle anthocyanin coloration (0.4505) and lobes in panicles (0.5799). The finding of existence of wide diversity in the studied accessions could be a pivotal information for further study of genetic variation of foxtail millet germplasms.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 483-488

Juvenile Performance of Exotic Larches in Central Wisconsin1

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Chen H. Lee ◽  
Hans G. Schabel
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Japanese Larch ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Bark Damage ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract A permanent test plantation consisting of a single provenance of Japanese larch and six provenances of European larch was established in central Wisconsin in the spring of 1982 by hand planting 2-0 stock grown from seed originating in Europe. A randomized complete block design with seven replications was used. Altogether 294 trees (6 trees/plot X *** plots/block x 7 replications) were installed in the test. After five growing seasons in the field, plantation survival was 98%. Nineteen percent of the trees had suffered bark damage by deer, and 22% had terminals clipped by grasshoppers. The damages were not related to seed source origin, and they were of short duration. The between-seedlot differences in annual shoot elongation were statistically significant in each of three consecutive growing seasons. Mean annual height growth for both exotic larches combined was 53 cm. Mean total height reached 3.73 m after seven growing seasons (two in the nursery, five in the plantation). Early growth potential of both larches was more than three times that of native red pine planted adjacent to the larch study site. Although the single Japanese larch provenance was slowest growing, sensitive to late frost, and possessed the lowest percentage of straight stems, it still outperformed red pine. European larch of Polish provenances, combining good growth with straightness characteristics, is recommended for general planting purposes on suitable sites in central Wisconsin. North. J. Appl. For. 6(1):31-33, March 1989.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Alami terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Kopi

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Isna Tustiyani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Onion Extract ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan unggulan nasional. Pembibitan kopi umumnya melalui biji, padahal kopi dapat dibudidayakan melalui cara vegetative yaitu stek asal diberi perlakuan at pengatur tumbuh. Tujuan penelitian  ini adalah untuk  mempelajari pengaruh pemberian berbagai zat pengatur tumbuh alami pada stek kopi. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan  Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Garut pada Oktober – November 2016 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan tanpa pemberian ZPT, growtone, ekstrak bawang merah, dan air kelapa. Hasil percobaan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak bawang merah dapat menumbuhkan sebesar 50% dan penggunaan growtone sebesar 55% stek kopi hidup.KATA KUNCI: auksin, air kelapa, ekstrak bawang merah,  stek kopi  THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS NATURAL PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR ON GROWTH CUTTINGS OF COFFEEABSTRACTThe Coffee is one of national excellent commodities. The Nurseries of coffee generally through the beans, but it can be grown through vegetative through by cuttings treated with growth regulators. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of various naturally plant growth regulators in coffee cuttings. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Garut in October-November, 2016 using Randomized Complete Block Design with treatment  without giving plant growth regulator, growtone, onion extract, and coconut water. The result showed  that the extract of onion can grow at 50% and the growtone treatments  can grow 55% of the coffee cuttings. 

scholarly journals Sulu Şartlar İçin Geliştirilen Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerine Optik Sensor ile Azotlu Gübre Tavsiyesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1882-1891
Author(s):  
Erdinc Savasli
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

This study was conducted at Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute in Eskisehir, in 2017-2019 growing seasons. In the study, responses of four winter wheat cultivars (Atay85, Hat 31, Yunus and Nacibey) to nitrogen fertilization under irrigation conditions were compared with vegetation indices based on spectral reflection and In- Season Estimates of Yield calculated from these indices. GreenSeekerTM (NTech Industries, Inc., Ukiah,CA) hand-held sensor was used for this purpose. The experimental layout were used 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg N/da nitrogen rates 2 factor factorial in randomized complete block design in the experiment. Vegetation indices (NDVI) were obtained at growth stages Zadoks2,4, Zadoks3,0, Zadoks3,1 and Zadoks3,2. Zadoks3,0 (stem elongation) was found to be the most realistic reading time. A comparison of the system with traditional farmer applications, based on the average of 3 experiment fields, the new system was shown to give similar yields with 2,8 kg/da less N in the spring (ZD3,0), showing its economically promising value. The sensor application is determined to be 2% more economically effective than farmer application. Economic nitrogen dose respectively Atay85, Hat 31, Yunus and Nacibey was determined as the nitrogen dose 12,6 kgN/da, 14,1 kgN/ da, 14,4 kg N/da and 17,9 kgN/da.

scholarly journals Effect of Growth Retardants on Production of Containerized `Barbara Karst' Bougainvillea

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 679b-679
Author(s):  
James H. Aldrich ◽  
Jeffrey G. Norcini
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Maleic Hydrazide ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soilless Substrate ◽  
Bougainvillea Glabra

The effect of four PGRs on production of `Barbara Karst' bougainvillea [Bougainvillea × buttiana (Bougainvillea glabra Choicy × Bougainvillea peruviana Humb. & Bonpl.) was determined. Liners were transplanted into 3.8-L containers with a soilless substrate on 6 Apr. 1995 and were pruned on 15 May (mean height and width 23.6 and 34.5 cm, respectively). Uniconazole (10 ppm), maleic hydrazide (2808 ppm), daminozide (5000 ppm), and paclobutrazol (50, 100, or 200 ppm) were applied as a foliar spray (to wet) by a compressed air backpack sprayer on 16 May (0 weeks after treatment [WAT]). Daminozide (5000 ppm) was reapplied 31 May and 13 June as described above. Soil drenches of 5, 10, or 20 ppm paclobutrazol were additional treatments. Two nonPGR-treated controls were included: pruned at 0 WAT, and pruned at 0 and 4 WAT. There were eight replications per treatment placed in a randomized complete block design on a container bed under full sun and drip irrigation. At 6, 9, and 12 WAT, growth, flowering, growth habit, number of structural branches (>15 cm long), and level of bacterial spot infection by Pseudomonas andropogonis were recorded. Marketability was recorded 12 WAT and phytotoxicity noted 1, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 12 WAT. No PGR treatment effectively suppressed growth, or enhanced quality or marketability of `Barbara Karst' bougainvillea grown in 3.8-L containers. Furthermore, daminozide reduced the number of structural branches and maleic hydrazide was phytotoxic.

scholarly journals Adapting sweetpotato production to changing climate in Mozambique

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill S. Makunde ◽  
Maria I. Andrade ◽  
Joana Menomussanga ◽  
Wolfgang Grüneberg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Sprout Length ◽  
Sprouting Ability ◽  
Dry Spells ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract Vines are the major source of planting material in sweetpotato. Extended dry spells hinder conservation of vines and in turn affect the availability of planting material at the onset of rains in southern Africa. In some cases, improved sweetpotato germplasm has been lost by smallholder farmers in Mozambique due to prolonged dry spells. Small to medium roots provide an opportunity to conserve germplasm and get planting material at the beginning of the rainy season. The objectives of the study were to (i) measure sprouting ability of diverse germplasm of sweetpotato - farmer varieties, improved clones and released varieties and (ii) estimate their ability to provide planting material for the next crop in southern Mozambique. Trials with 29 genotypes were established in a randomized complete block design with two replications at Umbeluzi Research Station and Nwalate Farm in 2015, 2016 and 2017. At harvest, 14 small to medium roots were selected and stored in small plastic dishes filled with dry sand at Nwalate Farm. After four months in storage, 10 similar roots were taken and planted in 1 m row plots arranged in a randomized complete block design with two replications. The trials were irrigated to initiate sprouting and support plant growth during the first four weeks. Data collected were analysed using SAS 1996. All the tested genotypes sprouted after sowing. The number of sprouts per root were significantly affected by the genotype, location and genotype x location x year interactions. Caelan had the most sprouts per root. Sprout length measured at six weeks after sprouting was also significantly affected by genotype, location, year and genotype x location x year interactions. Caelan had vines each long enough to provide 10 cuttings of 10 cm length for rapid multiplication. The number of cuttings depended on the growth habit of the variety. Irene, a popular variety in Mozambique, is erect and bushy and could only provide four cuttings over the same period. Growth habit especially under a changing climate should be considered in breeding programs as an option of facilitating a sustainable and easy seed system.

PENGARUH LAMA PERENDAMAN GA3 DAN BEBERAPA MACAM TSS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Happy Kharisma Sudjarwo ◽  
Ida Retno Moeljani ◽  
Didik Utomo Pribadi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seed Type ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Main Variable ◽  
Plant Length

[THE EFFECT OF IMMERSION IN GA3 AND SOME KINDS OF TSS ON THE GROWTH OF SHALLOTS (Allium ascalonicum L.)]. Shallots (Allium ascolonicum L.) are very much needed by the community and have become one of the high-value commodities in Indonesia. TSS or True Shallot Seed is an elective that can be created as a wellspring of seeds and is an answer for address the issue for quality shallot seeds. In the utilization of TSS seeds, there are still a few deterrents in low development strength. In the use of TSS seeds, there are still some obstacles in low growth strength. Dormancy can be solved by treatment with growth regulators that can encourage, inhibit or qualitatively alter plant development and advancement. One of the PGRs that is regularly utilized is Gibberellins (GA3). This review meant to get the connection between splashing time with a few TSS seeds on the development of shallots, which included germination, development simultaneously, development speed, germination life, plant length, and the quantity of leaves. This examination was led in Ketindan Town, Lawang Area, Malang Regime, East Java, from February to April 2021. This review was a factorial investigation organized dependent on a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) comprising of 2 factors: the length of inundation and the kind of TSS seeds that were rehashed as much as multiple times. The main variable was the inundation time in a GA3 arrangement with a centralization of 40 ppm comprising of no dousing, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes of inundation. The seed factor of shallot TSS consists of TSS Sanren, TSS Lokananta, and TSS Bauji. The outcomes showed that the mix of splashing time and TSS seed type fundamentally impacted development speed simultaneously and the quantity of leaves 7 dap.

scholarly journals Influence of water deficit on morphological, physiological and growth of Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale)

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 2148-2155
Author(s):  
PETER VERA ◽  
◽  
MARCIA ASTORGA-ELÓ ◽  
ROLORD SEVERE ◽  
LAURA MORANTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Tropical Tree Species ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Main Factors

Water is one of the main factors that influence the growth and development of plants. Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) is a fast-growing tropical tree species with a great demand in the international market. The influence of soil, water deficit on morphological, physiological, and the growth of Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) with and without irrigation was investigated. For this study, four random repetitions were carried out in a randomized complete block design. The plants were irrigated regularly with furrow irrigation. The timing of irrigation was based on the soil, water potential, according to treatment criteria. All pots were irrigated at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days. Genomic DNA of O. Pyramidale was identified by ERIC-PCR and RAPD, while phylogenetic tree was determined using the UPGMA method. The results showed that leave number, shoot number, stem elongation and stem diameter were affected significantly (P 0.05) were observed, while stomata length remained high (> 20 µm) and stomata diameter was decreased during evaluation days in plants without irrigation compared to control. DNA of eight plants isolated showed different band profiles. In conclusion, the parameters evaluated can be used as a measure of water stress, growers should be careful when using O. Pyramidale in both nursery and orchards where water scarcity is present.

scholarly journals Seed Yield and Quality of Late Season Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) Seed as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulators

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
M A F Mollah ◽  
M H K Rubel ◽  
I M Hasan ◽  
A Sultana ◽  
M Z Tareq
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

An experiment was conducted at Jute Research Regional Station (JRRS) of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI), Kishoreganj during August 2009 to January 2010 to determine the effect of different plant growth regulators on seed yield and quality of olitorius jute using late jute seed production technique. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Seven growth regulators with different brand names such as Bionik, Litosen, Okozim, Mirakulan, Planovit, Flora and Yield were used in the experiment. All the yield contributing characters increased due to the application of growth regulators over the control. The highest seed yield (2.91g/plant) was obtained with Bionik which was followed by Mirakulan> Okozim> Litosen> Planovit> Yield> Flora> control. The highest of 33.49% seed yield was found in Bionik over control.  In terms of quality of seeds, the plant growth regulator `Bionik’ performed the best.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(2) 115-121

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