scholarly journals PSYCHOLINGUISTIC FEATURES OF EXPLICATION OF LINGUOCULTURAL MODEL “CLOTHING” IN ENGLISH AND UKRAINIAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Nataliia Mykhalchuk ◽  
Pavlo Levchuk ◽  
Nataliia Khupavtseva

To understand the linguocultural units of the thematic group “clothing” in the English language, it is important to master the principles of nomination of lexical units, such as the principle of nomination “a form”, the principle of nomination “a purpose of use of a thing (a purpose)” or “clothing as a material having been used”, the principle of nomination “social, national and professional affiliation”. For the understanding of linguocultural units of the thematic group “clothing” in the Ukrainian language the laws of organization of usual and actual communicative meanings, their interaction, movement, etc. are quite important, then for understanding linguocultural units of the thematic group “clothing” in the English language is sufficient superficial perception of lexical units that denote the nominations of clothing, understanding the features of their motivation, in particular, verbs, nouns and adjectives, as well as mastering the form of presentation of this or that lexical unit.  

Author(s):  
Olga Migorian ◽  
Tetiana Pavlovych

During the last century, the development of word-forming issues has been investigated so intensely that today it is possible to state the existance of a number of approaches and its versatile study both in synchrony and diachrony. Some linguists have studied the issues of word formation within etymology, while others have considered the problems of word formation in the context of grammar, focusing on structural analysis. Representatives of the lexical study described predominantly semantic relations between different structural units. Confirmation of the theory of interaction of different linguistic levels was the study of structural and semantic relations in oppositional pairs of "forming lexical unit – derivative". The main task of historical and onomasiological research, which is the basis of our research is to reveal the nature of the semantic structure of the concept; to trace the basic tendencies of the historical development of the prefixal way of word formation in English, the change of its semantic boundaries and the basic structures from epoch to epoch. The linguistic form of content is a word in general and a derivative in particular. The article presents an attempt to investigate the dynamics of efficiency of structural and semantic patterns of verbal prefixal derivatives within onomasiological categories during four periods of the English language development.


Author(s):  
Г.Р. Стрекалова ◽  
О.В. Газизова

Рассмотрены проблемы инженерного образования в российской практике новых вызовов, связанных с цифровизацией общества. На примере сравнительного анализа данных по количеству приема на бюджетные и внебюджетные места, среднему баллу ЕГЭ, стоимости обучения на платной основе по мониторингу 2020 года показано, что интерес абитуриентов, желающих получить высшее образование определяется не только бюджетными местами, но и реалиями современного развития общества, поэтому желание получить непрофильное образование в техническом вузе не ослабевает. По направлениям обучения инженерной направленности интерес определяется исключительно наличием бюджетных мест. Новые вызовы диктуют условия эффективного решения производственных проблем современным инженером, которому сегодня необходимы знания широкого профиля, включая менеджмент, экономику, интеллектуального права, английского языка. Это вызывает необходимость разработки синтетических программ, включающих требования работодателя с ориентацией на современное производство, имеющее сложную системную организационную и управленческую структуру. Новые вызовы сегодня способствуют росту престижа среднего профессионального образования, не надо сдавать ЕГ, и это, пожалуй, самый главный аргумент. Если интерес к колледжам будет подогреваться сегодняшние 80% выпускников школ выбравшие для продолжения обучение СПО, могут завтра оказаться 100%. В этой ситуации высшее образование может остаться без набора. Следует поднять престиж инженерного образования посредством его модернизации и синтеза ключевых образовательных знаний, умений и навыков инженера на основе новых вызовов, с которыми встречается общество, в целях сохранения его будущего. Взаимообусловленность задач инженерного образования с цифровизацией общества заключается не в объеме полученных знаний, умений и навыков, а в подготовке инженера, обладающего общей системной ориентацией в жизненном пространстве, осознанном отношении к своей профессиональной принадлежности, стремлении к постоянному совершенствованию и развитию своего интеллектуального потенциала, инженерного мышления, умения генерировать новые идеи и знания. The problems of engineering education in the Russian practice of new challenges associated with the digitalization of society are considered. Using the example of a comparative analysis of data on the number of admission, to budgetary and non-budgetary places, the average USE score, the cost of tuition on a paid basis according to the monitoring of 2020, it is shown that the interest of applicants wishing to get higher education is determined not only by budgetary places, but also by the realities of modern society development. Therefore, the desire to get a non-core education at a technical university is not weakening. In the areas of engineering education, interest is determined solely by the availability of budgetary places. New challenges dictate the conditions for the effective solution of production problems by a modern engineer, who today needs knowledge of a wide profile, including management, economics, intellectual law, and the English language. This necessitates the development of synthetic programs that include employer requirements with a focus on modern production, which has a complex systemic organizational and management structure. New challenges today contribute to the growth of the prestige of secondary vocational education, there is no need to pass the EG, and this is perhaps the most important argument. If interest in colleges is fueled by today's 80% of high school graduates who choose to continue their education in vocational education, there may be 100% tomorrow. In this situation, higher education may be left without enrollment. It is necessary to raise the prestige of engineering education through its modernization and synthesis of key educational knowledge, skills and abilities of an engineer on the basis of new challenges faced by society in order to preserve its future. The interdependence of the tasks of engineering education with the digitalization of society lies not in the amount of knowledge, skills and abilities acquired, but in the training of an engineer who has a general systemic orientation in the living space, a conscious attitude to his professional affiliation, the desire to constantly improve and develop his intellectual potential, engineering thinking, the ability to generate new ideas and knowledge.


Author(s):  
Adriana Y. Tsubera ◽  

The paper focuses on the results of cognitive research into the language conceptualization of CURRENT/PRESENT. The concept is represented by a cluster of English adjectives – current, operating, present, running – and Russian adjectives – настоящий, текущий. In the paper, we shall consider a complex research procedure based on hypothesis-deduction method, corpus-based experiment and the analysis of search engine results which is often referred to as triangulation. The author provides a cognitive model of a concept to reveal mechanisms responsible for the speaker’s choice of a particular lexical unit.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-237
Author(s):  
Nataliia Mykhalchuk ◽  
Pavlo Levchuk ◽  
Ernest Ivashkevych ◽  
Liudmyla Yasnohurska ◽  
Olena Cherniakova

The purpose of the article is: to show psycholinguistic peculiarities of understanding by Ukrainian students the principles of nomination of linguocultural models “clothing” in the English and Ukrainian languages. The methods of the research are: theoretical ones – categorical and structurally-functional analysis of the texts, the methods of systematization, modeling, generalization; empirical methods – the analysis of lexical units, the experiment. For the purpose of studying the motivation of linguocultural units we used “The methods of studying of motivation by linguocultural units of the thematic group “clothing” in the English and Ukrainian languages” (Mykhalchuk & Ivashkevych, 2020). The results of the research. For the understanding of linguocultural units of the thematic group “clothing” in the Ukrainian language the laws of organization of usualized (a priori) and actual (a posteriori) communicative meanings, their interaction, movement, etc. are quite important. For understanding linguocultural units of the thematic group “clothing” in the English language it is sufficient superficial perception of lexical units that denote the nominations of clothing, understanding the features of their motivation, in particular, verbs, nouns and adjectives, as well as mastering the form of presentation of this or that lexical unit. Conclusions. As a result of the research psycholinguistic features of students’ understanding of linguocultural units of the thematic group “clothing” in the English and Ukrainian languages were established. Productivity of students’ understanding of linguocultural units of the thematic group “clothing” in the Ukrainian language is determined by (a) the deep meaning of lexical units; (b) semantics and spatio-temporal meanings of linguocultural units; (c) syntactics of lexical units; (d) verb and noun basis of clothing nomination; (e) various connections between explicit concepts (metaphorical and metonymic transference); (f) assertive content of the nominative unit denoting “clothing”; (g) understanding of inferences, implications, intentions of the expressionж (h) explication of usualized (a priori) communicative meanings.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heini Utunen ◽  
Ngouille Ndiaye ◽  
Corentin Piroux ◽  
Richelle George ◽  
Melissa Attias ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND At the onset of the coronavirus outbreak, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Health Emergencies Learning and Capacity Development Unit, together with the WHO’s health technical lead on coronaviruses, developed a massive open online course within 3 weeks as part of the global response to the emergency. The introductory coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) course was launched on January 26, 2020, on the health emergencies learning platform OpenWHO.org. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to investigate the geographic reach of different language courses accessed by a worldwide audience seeking information on COVID-19. Users’ professional identities and backgrounds were explored to inform course owners on the use case. The course was developed and delivered via the open-access learning platform OpenWHO.org. The self-paced resources are available in a total of 13 languages and were produced between January 26 and March 25, 2020. METHODS Data were collected from the online courses’ statistical data and metrics reporting system on the OpenWHO platform. User patterns and locations were analyzed based on Google Analytics and the platform’s own statistics capabilities, and data sets were overlaid. This analysis was conducted based on user location, with the data disaggregated according to the six WHO regions, the top 10 countries, and the proportion of use for each language version. Data included affiliation, gender, age, and other parameters for 32.43% (52,214/161,007) of the users who indicated their background. RESULTS As of March 25, 2020, the introductory COVID-19 course totaled 232,890 enrollments across all languages. The Spanish language course was comprised of more than half (n=118,754, 50.99%) of all course enrollments, and the English language course was comprised of 38.21% (n=88,988) of enrollments. The WHO’s Region of the Americas accounted for most of the course enrollments, with more than 72.47% (138,503/191,130) enrollment across all languages. Other regions were more evenly distributed with less than 10% enrollment for each. A total of 32.43% (52,214/161,007) of users specified a professional affiliation by choosing from the 12 most common backgrounds in the OpenWHO user profiles. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, users were spread over the 11 distinct affiliations, with a small fraction of users identifying themselves as “Other.” With the COVID-19 introductory course, the largest number of users selected “Other” (16,527/52,214, 31.65%), suggesting a large number of users who were not health professionals or academics. The top 10 countries with the most users across all languages were Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, India, Mexico, Peru, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. CONCLUSIONS The online course has addressed a worldwide learning need by providing WHO’s technical guidance packaged in simple formats for access and use. The learning material development was expedited to meet the onset of the epidemic. Initial data suggest that the various language versions of the course, in particular Spanish, have reached new user groups, fulfilling the platform’s aim of providing learning everywhere to anyone that is interested. User surveys will be carried out to measure the real impact.


Author(s):  
O.B. BAGRINTSEVA ◽  

In the given paper the definite analysis of the lexical unit “student” is made. The data, taken from the analysis, allowed to define the basic characteristics of the image “student” in the conscious of the English language speakers. Further these characteristics will be put in the further construction of the image “student” in the different types of the English language discourse.


10.2196/19076 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. e19076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heini Utunen ◽  
Ngouille Ndiaye ◽  
Corentin Piroux ◽  
Richelle George ◽  
Melissa Attias ◽  
...  

Background At the onset of the coronavirus outbreak, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Health Emergencies Learning and Capacity Development Unit, together with the WHO’s health technical lead on coronaviruses, developed a massive open online course within 3 weeks as part of the global response to the emergency. The introductory coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) course was launched on January 26, 2020, on the health emergencies learning platform OpenWHO.org. Objective The aim of this paper is to investigate the geographic reach of different language courses accessed by a worldwide audience seeking information on COVID-19. Users’ professional identities and backgrounds were explored to inform course owners on the use case. The course was developed and delivered via the open-access learning platform OpenWHO.org. The self-paced resources are available in a total of 13 languages and were produced between January 26 and March 25, 2020. Methods Data were collected from the online courses’ statistical data and metrics reporting system on the OpenWHO platform. User patterns and locations were analyzed based on Google Analytics and the platform’s own statistics capabilities, and data sets were overlaid. This analysis was conducted based on user location, with the data disaggregated according to the six WHO regions, the top 10 countries, and the proportion of use for each language version. Data included affiliation, gender, age, and other parameters for 32.43% (52,214/161,007) of the users who indicated their background. Results As of March 25, 2020, the introductory COVID-19 course totaled 232,890 enrollments across all languages. The Spanish language course was comprised of more than half (n=118,754, 50.99%) of all course enrollments, and the English language course was comprised of 38.21% (n=88,988) of enrollments. The WHO’s Region of the Americas accounted for most of the course enrollments, with more than 72.47% (138,503/191,130) enrollment across all languages. Other regions were more evenly distributed with less than 10% enrollment for each. A total of 32.43% (52,214/161,007) of users specified a professional affiliation by choosing from the 12 most common backgrounds in the OpenWHO user profiles. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, users were spread over the 11 distinct affiliations, with a small fraction of users identifying themselves as “Other.” With the COVID-19 introductory course, the largest number of users selected “Other” (16,527/52,214, 31.65%), suggesting a large number of users who were not health professionals or academics. The top 10 countries with the most users across all languages were Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, India, Mexico, Peru, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Conclusions The online course has addressed a worldwide learning need by providing WHO’s technical guidance packaged in simple formats for access and use. The learning material development was expedited to meet the onset of the epidemic. Initial data suggest that the various language versions of the course, in particular Spanish, have reached new user groups, fulfilling the platform’s aim of providing learning everywhere to anyone that is interested. User surveys will be carried out to measure the real impact.


Author(s):  
Vitaliy Klochikhin

We discuss the use of the linguistic corpus as a means for the development of collocational competence of students. We reveal the contents of the concepts of “lexis” and “lexical skill”. Lexical skills are divided into receptive (word perception) and productive (word use). We distin-guish the operations that underlie the lexical skill and the stages of the formation of the lexical skill. We define the skills for attaining mastery of language competence in high school students, according to the main general education program in the “English language” profile. In accordance with the modern trends of education computarization, the skill of working with corpus technology is worth to notice. In connection with the rapid development of a foreign language, there are doubts about the relevance of lexical data of educational literature, since its creation takes more than a year. Therefore, the electronic linguistic corpus is seen as the most effective means in solv-ing the problems of learning foreign language vocabulary. We review and analyze the definitions of the linguistic corpus and concordance given by previous researchers. Based on the analysis of previous works on this topic, the following didactic features of the electronic linguistic corpus are highlighted and described: a) multilingualism; b) the ability to search for specific information; c) contextual search results; d) the diversity of functional text types; e) sorting the search results; f) the relevance of the text data; g) accessibility on the Internet. In addition to the didactic features above, we add multi-level resources feature. The methodological functions of the linguistic corpus that determine its use in foreign language vocabulary teaching are identified. Collocation is singled out as a lexical unit, which plays the most significant role in the construction of the speaker's speech. Paper reveals the meaning of the terms “collocation” and “collocational competence”. After analyzing the scientific literature, we establish that knowledge of collocations increases the fluency and diversity of speech, which are necessary requirements in the modern communicative approach in teaching foreign language. The need to study collocations determines the development of collocational competence.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
O.B. BAGRINTSEVA ◽  
◽  
A.A. PUSTOKHAYLOVA ◽  

The paper refers to the definitional analysis of the lexical unit “pupil”. The analysis allows to define the main characteristics in the conscious of the language carriers. The defined characteristics allow to construct the image of the pupil in the English carriers conscious.


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