scholarly journals Effect of the hydrochloric acid concentration on the surface-active and functional characteristics of linear alkylbenzenesulfonic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
S.A. Zabolotnykh ◽  
◽  
M.G. Shcherban ◽  
A.D. Solovyev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Micelle Formation ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Inorganic Acid ◽  
Monomolecular Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sudan I ◽  
Surface Active

The surface-active (surface tension, adsorption, molecule cross-sectional area in the adsorption monomolecular layer) and colloidal (viscosity, critical micelle concentration, solubilization) properties in aqueous and hydrochloric acid solutions of anionic surfactant alkylbenzenesulfonic acid (ABSA) were studied. Surface activity of ABSA increases in the presence of hydrochloric acid. Two inflections were established on adsorption isotherms with inorganic acid content of 5 and 10 wt. %, which are indicative of stepwise micelle formation. The ABSA dissociation is suppressed in the presence of hydrochloric acid, and therefore it behaves as a nonionic surfactant, forming micelles at lower concentrations. Mixed micelles, formed by dissociated and non-dissociated surfactant particles, are organized with an increase of ABSA content in mixture. The value of the surfactant limiting adsorption increases significantly at small hydrochloric acid amounts in comparison with an aqueous solution. The formed monomolecular layer is denser in the presence of inorganic acid than in an aqueous solution. The solubilization of Sudan I dye in alkylbenzenesulfonic acid increases with increasing in solution acidity. The extremum points on isotherms of solubilizing ability with 5 and 10 wt. % HCl content are observed at surfactant concentrations corresponding to the beginning and end of the formation of micelles containing alkylbenzenesulfonate ion.

scholarly journals Assessment of Energy Efficiency of High Entropy Metallic Glasses in Aqueous Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Metallic Glass ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Metallic Glasses ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Wide Range

A developed criterion of the energy efficiency of iron-boron-silicon, i.e., high entropy, metallic glasses was implemented in hydrochloric acid solutions. The criterion; lim (the conductivity of the metallic glass in aqueous solution to the conductivity of the metallic glass in air) =1 was applied to determine the energy efficiency of the metallic glass in the aqueous solution when the conductivity of a metallic glass in air became equal (decreased) to the steady conductivity of the metallic glass in aqueous solution as a function of time of the exposure of the metallic glass to the aqueous solution. This criterion was used to determine the energy efficiency of metallic glasses with a wide range of hydrochloric acid concentration. The values of the conductivities were determined by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In addition, the criterion can be applied under diverse test conditions with a predetermined period of the operational life of the metallic glasses as functional materials. Furthermore, variations of the energy efficiency of the metallic glasses as a function of the acid concentration and time were produced by fitting the experimental data to a numerical model using a nonlinear regression method. The profiles of the metallic glasses exhibit a less conservative behavior of energy efficiency than the applied analytical criterion.

Separation Copper Ions from Aqueous Solution by Emulsion Liquid Membrane Using Novel PAMAMG4-1,2-Octenoxid Dendrimer as Carrier

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 511-516
Author(s):  
Chang Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Internal Phase

PAMAMG4-1,2-octenoxid dendrimer was prepared and used as carrier in ELM to extract copper ions. The membrane was prepared by dissolving PAMAMG4-1,2-octenoxid dendrimer and Span 80 in chloroform. The internal phase is aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid. Effects of operating parameters such as carrier concentration, surfactant concentration, hydrochloric acid concentration in the internal phase, emulsification time and emulsification speed on the membrane stability were studied. In addition, the effect of carrier concentration, surfactant concentration and hydrochloric acid concentration in the internal phase on the extraction efficiency was also investigated. The results showed that PAMAMG4-1,2-octenoxid dendrimer is a suitable carrier for copper ions in ELM system.

Surface Adsorption and Micelle Formation of Surface Active Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solution

Langmuir ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 4178-4182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Dong ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Liqiang Zheng ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
Tohru Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Surface Adsorption ◽  
Micelle Formation ◽  
Surface Active

Studying dispersed and rheological properties of hydrocarbon-containing acid emulsions and their efficiency in removing asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Shumakher ◽  
V. V. Konovalov ◽  
A. P. Melnikov
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Hydrocarbon Solvents ◽  
Formation Zone ◽  
Effect Of The Composition

Currently, the treatment of the bottomhole formation zone with acidic compositions is one of the most common methods to intensify the oil inflow. The use of various modified acid compositions increases the efficiency of acid treatments on the bottomhole formation zone. Acid compositions, including those containing hydrocarbon solvents, which contribute to more efficient removal of organic colmatants, affect the reaction rate of the reagent with the rock and processing equipment, change the reservoir properties, etc.The article presents the results of experimental studies, which are aimed at establishing the effect of the composition of hydrocarbon-containing acidic emulsions consisting of an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, toluene and Neonol AF 9-10 on their dispersed and rheological properties, as well as their efficiency in removing paraffin deposits.

Surface Morphology and the Adsorptive Behavior of Coconut Active Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1029-1032
Author(s):  
Xiao Qiang Li ◽  
Li Juan Lan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Adsorption Experiment ◽  
Adsorptive Behavior ◽  
Scanning Electron

Active carbon modified by hydrochloric acid was prepared with impregnation method. The synthesized material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. It was proved that plenty of pores with diameter of about 5-10μm were exist on the surface of active carbon. The adsorption process with toluene was performed over the modified active carbon to investigate the adsorptive efficiency. For comparison, other porous materials were also performed the adsorption experiment. The results showed that active carbon modified by hydrochloric acid has high adsorptive efficiency for toluene. The results proved that adsorptive performance of active carbon increased with the hydrochloric acid concentration.

DETERMINATION OF TRACE AMOUNTS OF SILVER IN GALENA ORES

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1488-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Bounsall ◽  
W. A. E. McBryde
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Silver Content ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Aqueous Sodium

An analytical method is described for the determination of microgram amounts of silver in galena ores, based on the "reversion" of silver dithizonate. Silver is separated from relatively large amounts of lead by extraction as dithizonate into chloroform from an aqueous 1:99 nitric acid solution. Separation from mercury, which is also extracted under these conditions and would, if present, interfere in the analysis, is achieved by reverting the dithizonate solution with a 5% aqueous sodium chloride solution which is also 0.015 molar in hydrochloric acid. Following dilution of this aqueous solution and adjustment of pH, silver is again extracted into chloroform as the dithizonate, and determined absorptiometrically. Analyses of a number of galena ore samples showed a precision of within 3% for a silver content ranging from 0.03 to 0.4%.Some other methods for isolating silver from these samples, which were tried but found unsatisfactory, are discussed.

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