scholarly journals STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS FOR INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4(77)) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
B.V. BURKYNSKYI ◽  
O.I. LAIKO ◽  
N.L SHLAFMAN
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Real ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Business Structures

Topicality. The growing urgency of the problem of productivity of entrepreneurial activity increasing today is substantiated by the fact that in the world due to the paradigm of sustainable development a new direction is formed - the use of innovative sources of economic growth, with full support for productive innovative entrepreneurial activity. According to the fact that Ukraine is also on the path of innovative economic development, in recent years a number of legal documents have been adopted in order to promote comprehensive employment, high labor costs, accumulation of human and social capital, development of entrepreneurial activity, strengthening middle class, raising social standards and guarantees. However, there is still no systematic view on how to solve the problem of the productivity increasing ofentrepreneurial activity, which is the basis for sustainable innovative development of any country. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine the strategic directions of business productivity in Ukraine within the state regulation of the business environment, which requires the following tasks: to explore trends and identify key issues of business productivity, which will identify strategic areas of business productivity, which should be considered as a means of solving existing problems. Research results. A comparative analysis of the economic productivity of the EU, the USA, Japan and Ukraine has shown that there is a common tendency for all countries of its reduction, which caused by the factor of deindustrialization. The study of business productivity in Ukraine that is expressed as gross value added at constant prices revealed that the indicator "sales per 1 employee" does not give an idea of the real productivity of enterprises, because this indicator is the result of activity of scope of enterprises, namely � of the company itself and its suppliers. In this case, the further the company in the technological chain, the greater sales volume is and the less this indicator reflects the real productivity of the enterprise. The relatively high productivity of domestic enterprises at value added is actually offset by the high costs of enterprises from other operating and other ordinary activities (especially under the COVID-19 pandemic influence and as a result from other emergencies) and, as a result, profitability from all activities of enterprises is low. It is revealed that the technological gap between Ukraine and developed countries is deepening every year, which requires formation of an innovative model of high-tech development. This, in turn, requires stimulating of the development of industrial sector, especially processing and manufacturing branches, as a basis for creating of high-tech jobs, increasing productivity and as the locomotive of growth for other sectors of the economy. It is proved that in order to increase the productivity of entrepreneurship, a comprehensive mutually agreed improvement of the state tax, credit-financial, scientific-technological, personnel, social policy and restoration of the state industrial policy is urgently needed. A system of strategic directions for increasing of the productivity of entrepreneurial activity has been developed, the criterion for the implementation of which is the growth of value added from its implementation at the level of not less than 5% per year. Conclusion. The article proves that achieving of productivity growth of entrepreneurial activity in our country is possible due to the formation of favorable conditions through the introduction of organizational and economic instruments of financial and credit, tax, scientific and technological, personnel, social, industrial policy for state support of business structures capable of producing knowledge-intensive products with a high content of added value, creating of an appropriate investment climate, ensuring the reduction of Ukraine's technological gap comparing with countries- technological leaders, which is necessary for its integration into the global economic space on a parity basis. Indicators of such a favorable environment can be the following: the formation of the optimal level of tax burden on business structures; formation of the optimal level of availability of borrowed funds for business structures; growth of the share of industrial business structures that implement technological innovations; growth in the number of introduced new technological processes and innovative products; reducing of share of the depreciated fixed assets on industrial enterprises.

Development of higher education in the modern economy

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Наталья Новикова ◽  
Natalya Novikova ◽  
Ирина Мухоморова ◽  
Irina Mukhomorova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
State Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
Professional Fields

Modernization in Russia is objectively dictated by the tightening of global competition between countries and the need for structural optimization of the domestic economy. In today´s environment the results of the modernization of the Russian economy influence directly on the welfare of the country in the future, elimination of the technological gap, improving efficiency in all sectors of the economy and professional fields. The process of modernization is aimed at solving a minimum of three tasks: to ensure structural balance of the national economy; technological innovation; the formation of an innovative model of economic development. Formation of such a model of the economy implies an increase in the economy of knowledge-intensive and high-tech industries. With two possible and mutually exclusive approaches to the state economy modernization and technological development, autocratic and democratic, the latter is the most effective, since upgrading cannot be achieved without direct participation of business, civil society and individual citizens with a high level of competence of the government. Federal authorities at the same time play the role of a facilitator, providing legal, organizational and financial support, and as well as a system of processes. Economic modernization and technological development will require training of skilled human capital, which may be provided by the proper functioning of the system of education in Russia. Development of education should be coordinated with social and economic development, and activities of educational institutions should be integrated into innovation processes at the national and regional levels. High importance in solving these problems is given to the development of mechanisms of interaction of educational institutions with the business environment, general public and to changing the format of relations with the state education authorities.

Digital Economy: New Opportunities and Threats for the Development of the World Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Strelkova
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Exchange ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Definition Of

The paper examines various approaches to the definition of the term «digital economy» in the scientific and business environment along with factors and forms of its development in different countries taking into account the specifics of the current stage of the Russian economy, which is a matter of particular importance in seeking new sources of the world economy growth. The subject of the research is opportunities and threats inherent in the process of digitalization of economies and their impact on the operation of international and national markets as well as the development of the world economy as a whole. The purpose of the paper was to analyze the practical experience in the formation and development of the digital economy in foreign countries and Russia and identify the changes it brings to the activities of state institutions and business structures, established rules of market exchange, the process of promotion and use of innovations. All the above made it possible to determine the country-level specifics of the digital economy evolution reveal the contradictory nature of its manifestations and justify the necessity for active participation of the state in stimulation and support of potentially promising digital innovations in various sectors of the economy. It is concluded that the level of the digital economy development depends on the real-sector performance, the maturity of markets, the state of the national economy. It is highlighted that the criteria for a comprehensive assessment of the results of the economy digitalization must be developed.

scholarly journals Enterprise As an Object of Industrial Policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Девяткин ◽  
O. Devyatkin ◽  
Игнатова ◽  
L. Ignatova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech

The content of the state industrial policy is considered, the basic objectives and principles of perfection of the mechanism of its implementation are formulated. The attention is paid to the need of developing high-tech industries.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship as a special type of agricultural activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (97) ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
S.A. Vlasyuk ◽  
◽  
O.V. Rolinskyi ◽  
Yu.A. Tsymbalyuk
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Business Structure

Today, in Ukraine and, of course, all over the world, the agricultural sector is an important component of the economy. As an agrarian country with huge natural resources, the agricultural sector in Ukraine is a potential branch of entrepreneurship that needs to be developed. Systematic review of the scientific sources of existing researches in the field of agriculture taking into account the current challenges concerning researches contextualizing on the nature of entrepreneurship and focusing on its role in the agricultural sector is important. The purpose of this article is to substantiate theoretically the essence, organizational-and-legal forms and other basic aspects of the functioning of business structures in the agricultural sector. It was found that entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine takes place in the context of reform and in constant conditions of complication of agricultural production, domestic economic environment and against the background of increasing globalization of the world economy. Intensive development of economic processes in the agricultural sector determined the objective need to adapt entrepreneurial activity to new business conditions due to the limited resource potential of each business entity. It was found that agriculture is a main factor in resource conservation, self-sufficiency, development of rural territories, social and cultural guarantees. However, there are problems that limit its development, such as employment mismatch, lack of effective entrepreneurial orientation and productive investment in the agricultural sector, inefficient credit policy, technological backwardness and underdeveloped infrastructure, imperfect support system, vulnerability of a significant part of the main beneficiaries in agriculture, inability of business structures in the agricultural sector to constructive competition in regional and international markets because of the lack of proper legal framework, etc. It was offered to consider the business structure as an organization that has specific features that allow forming alternative views on the future and combines several aspects of entrepreneurship and a flexible, mobile structure, specific decision-making mechanisms. Creating a business structure in the agricultural sector requires a balanced decision, because the relevant knowledge, innovative ideas, financial support, use of new technologies that are necessary for competitiveness at a global level play an important role in its further activities. Further development of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector requires the formation of a favorable business environment, effective government support, development of financial support system, improvement of crediting regimes, implementation of regional programs, development and realization of measures for information, consulting and staffing support, infrastructure development, etc.

The Use of Technology in Organizations

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-75
Author(s):  
Jorge Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Use Of Technology

Multinational Corporations (MNC) face the challenge of compete in the new interconnected business environment. In particular technology is recognized as a factor that boost productivity and competitiveness and drives the business connectivity which in turn involves cross-borders goods, services and financial flows. MNC is recognized as being possessed of high-tech assets, and also, resources including capital, management skills and R&D capabilities and subsidiaries can get them, from its holding company, and they transfer technology to local businesses. A knowledge transfer, running parallel to the technology transfer take place benefiting to the local economy. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is considered as the primary vehicle to facilitate technology transfer (and underlying knowledge flows) toward emerging countries. The ultimate goal of the MNC is related to leverage technology and knowledge transfer in order to maintain a competitive edge and move toward even higher value-added activities.

scholarly journals Latvian High-Tech Industry: Trends and Developments

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Menaker ◽  
Velga Ozoliņa
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Government Aid ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Industry Trends

Abstract The paper covers analysis of high-tech industry development in Latvia, as well as its facilitating and restricting factors. High-tech industries become more important in Latvia both in terms of export share and generated value added; also the number of enterprises and employees is increasing. A stable political system, enabling business environment, a relatively low corporate income tax rate, and government aid are considered as some of the most important facilitating factors. The paper emphasizes the government’s role in promoting and developing the high-tech manufacturing. The most significant limitations are the lack of skilled specialists and sophisticated real estate space, and the remote industrial supply companies and the service centres. Recommendations are given on the possible development directions, including improvements in manufacturing infrastructure, enhancements of the skill level of the labour force, and bringing up a new generation of entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals The Corporate Innovation in Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Costantiello ◽  
Lucio Laureti ◽  
Leogrande Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
High Tech Product ◽  
Firm Investments ◽  
Intellectual Assets ◽  
Education Design ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

Abstract In this article we investigate the political and industrial determinants of firm investment in Research and Development. We use data from the European Innovation Scoreboard of the European Commission for 36 countries in the period 2000-2019. We found that firm investments in Research and Development are positively associated with “Linkages”, “Innovation Index”, “International Co-publications”, “Medium and high-tech product exports”, “Non-R&D innovation expenditure”, “Turnover share large enterprises”, “Human Resources”, “Intellectual Assets”. Firm investments in Research and Development are negatively associated to “Foreign doctorate students”, “Knowledge-intensive services exports”, “Private co-funding of public R&D expenditures”, “Basic-school entrepreneurial education and training (SD)”, “New doctorate graduates”, “Trademark applications”, “Tertiary education” “Design applications”, “Lifelong Learning”, “Foreign-controlled enterprises – share of value added (SD)”, “Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) (SD)”.

scholarly journals On the issues of industrialization of economy in the context of Presidential «may decrees»

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
E. V. Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Material Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
New Industrialization

The article shows that the implementation of the new may presidential decree on Russia’s entry into the top five economies of the world and ensuring economic growth above the world requires a significant transformation of the state economic policy. Based on the assessment of the results of socio-economic development of the Russian Federationin 1991-2017 and based on the opinions of authoritative domestic and foreign scientists, the conclusion is made about the exhaustion of the existing export-raw material model. Its main limitations – high dependence on the external environment and the results of export-import activities, the narrowness of the domestic consumer and investment market-are systematized. To change the situation, it is proposed to adjust the state policy aimed at increasing the income of all economic entities (population, companies, state) by forming their own value chains that produce goods for final consumption. It is shown that the basis of these transformations should be the policy of a new industrialization of the economy, which will help to overcome the technological gap and create their own high-tech industrial capital. The key characteristics of the neoindustrial growth paradigm based on high labor productivity as a complex expression of intensification of all factors of production are briefly described.

Basics of sports marketing

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Nataliya Tanklevska ◽  
Vitaliy Vybranskyy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Sports Marketing ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
State Management ◽  
Competitive Relations ◽  
Business Structures

Today, the sports sphere is an important element of the state's market system and plays a significant role in shaping a healthy lifestyle. It requires innovative approaches to train highly qualified sports marketing personnel to promote the industry and develop it. Sports marketing is a kind of symbiosis of classic marketing and specific principles of entrepreneurial activity in the field of physical culture and sports. One of the main factors that have led to the possibility of developing marketing in the field of sports was the vector of changes in the priorities and methods of influence of the state management of sports sector in conditions of sustainable development of business structures. The development of sports marketing, as a field of science and practical tool, began to take shape at the beginning of the twentieth century, when the production and consumption of sports services began to expand rapidly and competitive relations and competition for customers and sales intensified. The paper determines that professional physical education has a significant influence on formation of economic thinking in the field of sports, where the sport itself acts as a customer of training services, and higher education institutions - a supplier to training highly qualified specialists in this field. The development of sports marketing by its division into phenomena is considered. There are three main phenomena of the sports sphere, namely: the social phenomenon, which denotes the real field of wide public influence, the economic phenomenon - keeping the mission of sport in balance with the sphere of business activity, and the political phenomenon - strengthening the image of the state among other countries through sports success. Physical education and sports marketing involves the use of various marketing tools, principles and functions. Effective application of marketing and skillful application of methods of marketing activity management will allow transforming the industry of sports into a powerful business structure.

scholarly journals CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY SYSTEM: TRANSFORMATION OF APPROACHES AND EVALUATION DIRECTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1(70)) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Y.Y. KYRYLOV ◽  
V.M. KRYKUNOVA ◽  
H.V. ZHOSAN
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Improvement Strategy ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Corporate Social

Topicality. Mutual determination of economic, political, scientific and technical, social, resource, ecological and other elements of the business environment, deepening of internal relations caused the development of the forms and content of firms� social activities of, as well as its conceptual substantiation and evaluation. Integration of Ukraine's economy into the international economic space and the effective interaction of domestic business structures with the actors of world markets should take into account a number of socio-economic conditions and challenges, among which the processes of socialization of entrepreneurship occupy a decisive place that determines the relevance of this paper. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the study is analyzing the current trends of the corporate social responsibility concept, the directions of the evaluation of its implementation and effectiveness in accordance to existing criteria and world practices. The results of the study have theoretical and applied value and can be used for research purposes and for the Ukrainian business sector improvement strategy development. Research results. The transformation of the CSR concept reflects the implementation of a more pragmatic approach to the relationship between social issues and business processes strategic management. The social activity is considered as a lever of employees� contradictions and conflicts managing, the human resources quality improving, regional and local development, environmental issues solving. Structurally, corporate social responsibility reflects the economic, legal, ecological, ethical and philanthropic demands of society to business. New trends in CSR have been institutionalized into corporate and industrial codes, multi-stakeholders� initiatives, and private companies� standards, with appropriate monitoring of requirements and outcomes. Conclusion. The concept and practice of corporate social responsibility is quite "broad", the manifestation of which is determined by the scale of activity, company size, society's expectations at a specific time, etc. Actually, new economic and social norms and indicators of the business structures' performance were developed. CSR in Ukraine is in the stage of formation, its new forms and manifestations are developing, the structure is getting complicated. In order to enhance the long-term business competitiveness through the practices of responsible attitude towards its employees, consumers and other stakeholders different measures are to be applied: informative activities about importance of companies� socially responsible behavior, promotion of best practices of its implementation and evaluation will provide systemic improvement of management processes.

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