scholarly journals Rhythm of seasonal development of woody vines of the Vitaceae Juss. family in the conditions of introduction in the Right-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Makovskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Woody Vines ◽  
The Family ◽  
National Botanic Garden ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree

To investigate the phenorhythmics of introduced woody vines of the family Vitaceae of the genus Ampelopsis Michx. and Parthenocissus Planch., to determine the possibilities of their use in cultural phytocenoses of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Phenological observations were conducted during 2012–2014. Plants of the investigated taxa belong to the collection fund of the exposition-collection area “Climbing plants” of the M. M. Hryshko National Botanic Garden of the NAS of Ukraine. The distribution by phenogroups of the investigated plants and the construction of the phenospectrum of seasonal development were performed using appropriate methods. Results.The end of the vegetation of the representatives of the genus Parthenocissus occurred before the end of the growing season 16.X ±6,13 (P. inserta)–23.X ±7,41(P. tricuspidata Veitchii’), and in plants of the genus Ampelopsis coincided with this date 4.XI ±7,36 (A. aconitifolia f. glabra)–13.XI ±7,85(A. brevipedunculata). Flowering of the representatives of the genus Parthenocissus lasted 22,3 ±4,1 (P. tricuspidata Veitchii’)–81,7±2,1 (P. quinquefolia f. engelmannii) days, and plants of the genus Ampelopsis – 98,3±7,7 (A. aconitifolia)–107,0 ±7,3 (A. brevipedunculata) days. The period from tying to ripening of fruits in representatives of the genus Parthenocissus was 47,0 ±5,66 (P. quinquefolia)–59,0 ±3,74 (P. tricuspidata Veitchii’) days, and plants of the genus Ampelopsis – 35,7 ±3,77 (A. aconitifolia f. glabra)–41,3±5,79 (A. brevipedunculata) days. Conclusions. It was found that members of the genus Parthenocissus are characterized by timely entry into the period of winter dormancy, shorter flowering period and longer fruit ripening compared with plants of the genus Ampelopsis. Given the native areals of plants of the studied species, which cover dry with low rainfall and cold wet regions, we can conclude that they are all characterized by high plasticity and resistance to environmental conditions, as phenological observations noted their annual flowering and fruiting. This indicates a high degree of compliance of their genetically fixed phenorhythmics with the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Comprehensive evaluation of winter resistance and potential frost resistance of woody vines of the Vitaceae juss. family in the conditions of introduction in the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Makovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Woody Vines ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
Harmful Effects

The purpose of the study was to investigate the winter and frost resistance of introduced woody vines of the Vitaceae family of the genus Ampelopsis Michx. and Parthenocissus Planch. in the conditions of introduction in the city of Kyiv, located in the Right-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. The actual winter resistance in the field was determined by establishing the degree of freezing of shoots after the winter, which was calculated by the percentage of the damaged part of its total length. The dependence of the degree of winter resistance on phenological features of seasonal development was defined as the ratio of the duration of vegetation to the duration of shoot growth. Potential frost resistance was determined by setting the biological limit of frost resistance of individual tissues of the medial part of annual shoots by determining the level of their damage as a result of direct freezing at a given temperature. According to the results of the research, we provided comprehensive estimation of winter and frost resistance of the investigated representatives. Research has shown that woody vines of the genus Parthenocissus are characterized by a sufficient level of winter hardiness and potential frost resistance, and members of the genus Ampelopsis – medium and low. Thus, in modern climate change, introduced woody vines of the genus Parthenocissus manifest themselves as plants with a higher degree of winter- and potential frost-resistance than the representatives of the genus Ampelopsis, because after the winter their shoots freeze less, and the tissues of shoots and buds are less exposed to the harmful effects of lowering the temperature. This indicates a high correspondence of the phenorhythmics of their seasonal development to the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, timely entry into the dormant period.

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

scholarly journals Influence of technological methods of growing on the anatomy-morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat in conditions of the right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

1970 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
V.A. Mazur ◽  
H.V. Pantsyreva ◽  
Y.M. Kopytchuk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Wheat Hybrids ◽  
The Right

Purpose. Study of the anatomical and morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat hybrids depending on fertilization backgrounds and seeding rates in agrocenoses of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe natural zone of Ukraine. Methods. Observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, forecast, field experiment. Results. The study of the dynamics of formation and functioning of the anatomical and morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat plants was carried out. The influence of the background without fertilizers and against the background of their increased level of application on the length of internodes (1-3) of stems in winter wheat agrocenoses was studied. It has been proven that seeding rates significantly influenced the length of the internodes. The influence of the background of mineral nutrition and seeding rates on the main anatomical and morphological parameters of winter wheat stems, in particular, the thickness of the stem and ring of mechanical tissue, the number and diameter of vascular-fibrous bundles was studied. It was found that the strength of the straw is largely determined by the number of vascular-fibrous bundles, as well as their diameter. It was the biggest on the variants with the increased fertilization background. It is noted that anatomical and morphological studies are needed in order to ensure the development of a more durable straw, which determines high resistance to lodging at a seeding rate of 3 and 1.5 million seeds/ha. Conclusions. On the basis of the conducted studies, it was found that the soil and climatic conditions of the years of the study and the factors that were studied have a direct influence on the anatomical and morphological parameters of wheet. At the same time, the best conditions for the maximum realization of the potential of the Patros hybrid of winter wheat plants were created in the experimental variants with a seeding rate of 3 and 1.5 million seeds/ha, ensuring the development of a more durable straw, which led to a high resistance to lodging.

scholarly journals Potato productivity depending on variety specialties under cultivating in the right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
M. Ostrenko ◽  
L. Pravdyva ◽  
Yu. Fedoruk ◽  
M. Grabovskiy ◽  
S. Pravdyvyi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mass Increase

In terms of geographical distribution and consumption, potatoes occupy one of the leading positions in the structure of food production in Ukraine. It is also used extensively as animal feed. The versatility of use in diff erent sectors of the economy with potatoes cannot be compared to any crop. Potato is of great importance as a raw material for the production of starch, sugar, molasses, alcohol, glucose and etc. A signifi cant reduction in the commodity production of food potatoe in farms is related to the solution a whole complex of important issues, in particular seed production, agro-technology of cultivation, application of highly eff ective pesticides, availability of agricultural machinery and material-technical support. The difficult ecological and energy situation in modern agriculture proves that it is possible to obtain high and stable yields of all crops only if there are varieties in production adapted to diff erent soil and climatic conditions. Variety is one of the important factors of yield stability and fi xed assets of agricultural production. A variety, as a genotype or a set of very close genotypes, exists in a specific environment and, moreover, interacts with it, encountering complex communication, intensity and time of manifestation, abiotic and biotic factors. At the same time, a connection is established between a variety and an environment that infl uences the formation and manifestation of morphological, economic and biological characters. The aim of the research was to study the growth, development and yield of early ripe potato varieties in the rightbank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The article presents the results of studies on the cultivation of early ripe varieties of potatoes. Namely, the germination and survival of potato plants was studied, which amounted to 89.5 and 87.3 % in the Skarbnytsa variety, 90.2 and 88.7 % in the Shchedryk variety, and 88.6 and 86.5 % in the Dnipryanka variety; the number of formed stems per plant is calculated, which is 3.3 in the Skarbnytsa variety, 3.6 in the Shchedryk variety and 2.7 in the Dniprianka variety. The dynamics of the mass increase and the fractional composition of potato tubers are shown. On average, during the research, the average weight of tubers from the bush was high for the Shchedryk variety and amounted to 616.2 g, somewhat less than those for the Skarbnytsa (484,5 g) and Dniprianka (397,8 g) varieties. It was established that the Shchedryk variety had the highest potato productivity in the experiment – 250.3 c/ha, in the Skarbnytsa and Dnipryanka varieties, the yield was 210.0 and 201.2 c/ha, respectively. Key words: potato, varieties, plant survival, tubers weight, productivity.

scholarly journals Morphobiochemical features of plant adaptation in the Northern forest-steppe of Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
O. O. Vronskaya ◽  
O. L. Zandekova
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Phenological Phases

The article presents the results of long-term research on the adaptive potential of plants of the genus Iris of the family Iridaceae in the Northern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. An assessment of the morphobiological features of irises was carried out, the timing of flowering and the amount of positive temperatures necessary for the onset of such phenological phases of development as regrowth, budding, flowering and fruiting were determined. The indicator role of phenolic compounds and peroxidase in iris leaves during seasonal development was revealed. The studied indicators can be used as an informative parameter for evaluating the state of plants for phyto-indication and introduction.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL APPROVALS OF SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Mihaylo Polishuk ◽  
Ruslan Antko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
The Right

The article presents the effectiveness of the influence of certain agrotechnical components of the technology of growing wheat wheat in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The positive influence of application of foliar fertilization of crops is shown. The prospects of using the complex application of intensification elements are determined. It has been established that the optimization of the mode of power provides a more complete disclosure of the resource potential of plants, which increases yields. Reindeer nutrition should be considered as an element of supplementation to the soil nutrition system, primarily due to the fact that plants are able to absorb nutrients through the leaf surface only in limited quantities, with excess concentration of which possible burns or intoxication of plants. The use of foliar feeding on the background of the main fertilizer has been found to have a positive effect on productivity and quality. The role of the plant nutrition system, which allows to control the formation of grain productivity of spring wheat crops, is substantiated. It has been found that the optimization of the nutrition regime provides a fuller disclosure of the resource potential of the plants, thereby increasing the yield. Nutrition optimization provides more complete disclosure of plant resource potential, thereby increasing yields. It is determined that under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the level of spring wheat yield is largely determined by the amount of rainfall that has fallen during the growing season. By optimizing the wheat's nutritional conditions, its productivity increases substantially, regardless of weather and climatic conditions. The use of mineral fertilizers, especially nitrogen in combination with phosphorus and potassium, can significantly improve the nutritional regime of the soil. The available nutrients of the plant are provided as a result of the mineralization of organic compounds by soil microorganisms and the transition of soluble mineral substances into solubility. This creates a more favorable environment for the growth and development of plants and for maintaining high soil fertility. At the end of the spring wheat vegetation, there was a redistribution of nitric and ammoniacal forms of nitrogen. It is advisable to continue research in this area and to deepen in connection with the emergence of new varieties, preparations and changes in climatic and soil conditions. Key words: spring wheat, yield, variety, sowing dates, seeding rate.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity of parsnip varieties in the conditions of the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
O. O. Komar ◽  
◽  
O. V. Shemetun ◽  
V. O. Komar ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
High Area ◽  
The Right

Due to the intensification of production of parsnip, the question arises to clarify the elements of cultivation technology that should ensure its high productivity. The use of varietal plant resources is one of the most important parts of agriculture - the basis of economic and social development of the state. The most efficient and cost-effective is the widespread introduction of new varieties and hybrids with a genetically determined level of adaptation to the conditions of soil and climatic zones of their cultivation. The indicator of the dynamics of the formation of photosynthetic productivity is the basis of the yield of each crop. The purpose of the research was to study the dynamics of leaf surface formation in varieties of parsnip in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The studied cultivars of parsnip sowing formed a high area of active assimilation surface, the dynamics of which depends on the stage of organogenesis, soil and climatic conditions of the year and varietal characteristics. With the highest average for the growing season leaf area (49.0-49.6 thousand m2 on ha), photosynthetic potential (1.79-1.83 million m2 per day on ha) and net productivity of photosynthesis - 5.56 g on m2 per day) were characterized by varieties Stymul and Pulse in terms of other varieties. It is established that in order to obtain stably high yield (44.4-45.4 t on ha) and marketability of root crops (85-93%) in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine it is necessary to sow highly productive varieties of parsnip sowing Stymul and Pulse.

scholarly journals Application of Introduced Representatives of Lonicera pileata Oliv. in Landscaping of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Varlashchenko ◽  
Anatolii Balabak ◽  
Valentyna Mamchur ◽  
Valentyn Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Evergreen Shrubs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Artistic Image ◽  
Ornamental Shrub ◽  
Landscape Gardening

This article deals with the possibilities to introduce the ornamental shrub Lonicera pileata Oliv. belonging to Caprifoliaceae Vent. family in the landscaping of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The representatives of Lonicera pileata Oliv. (Cultivars Рileata, form Variegata and form Lemon Beauty) endure winter well and adapt to new climatic conditions of the planting site. The plants were found tolerant to shade, cold, pruning, and urban ecological conditions with polluted air. It has been revealed that, depending on the purpose of the landscaping object, these shrubs can perform various functions: create architectural and artistic image of the object; promote biological land reclamation along with other plants; protect against dust and noise; regulate moisture and temperature. Simultaneously, to grow plants of Lonicera pileata Oliv. successfully, it is critical to use farming techniques developed by the author scientists. When the representatives of evergreen shrubs of Lonicera pileata Oliv. are introduced in the landscaping of residential areas, they can be used to decorate landscape-gardening objects with different functional use creating landscape compositions in gardens and parks, on the plots with different exposition and slopes, as anti-erosion plants, in alpine landscapes, as freestanding shrubs or in group plantations, at the background of lawns, in flowerbeds, in alpine screen gardens, in rockeries, in freely growing and trimmed hedges, and as ground-covering plants.

scholarly journals Optimization of the artificial phytocenoses structure of the National Dendrological Park “Sofiyivka” of NAS of Ukraine by introducing alien climbing honeysuckles plants of the genus Lonicera L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-217
Author(s):  
H. I. Muzyka ◽  
O. L. Porokhniava ◽  
N. O. Honchar
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
Climate Indicators ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

The results of 35-year research of the introduction of East Asian climbing honeysuckles of the subgenus Chamaecerasus Rehd. in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine and their role in optimizing the structure of phyto- cenoses of the The National Dendrological Park «Sofiyivka» of the NASU were presented. It was found that the climatic conditions of the introduction area have significant differences between climate indicators (thermal regime indicators and others) with the climatic conditions of natural habitats of climbing honeysuckles species of the subgenus Chamaecerasus, which negatively affect the rhythm of development and flowering and fruiting of introduced plants. It was determinated that the generative period of climbing honeysuckles of the subgenus Chamaecerasus in the arboretum occurs at 4–6 years of age. Most of the introduced honeysuckle was characterized by good (4 points) and satisfactory (3 points) flowering. Representatives of the subsection Breviflorae Rehd. were characterized by long and remontant flowering. It was found that the dynamics of daily fertility of honeysuckles pollen from different areas is closely related to the daily course of flower bloom- ing and daily flight activity of pollinating insects. The duration of the period of fruit formation of introduced honeysuckles depends on the time of the beginning of flowering of species and their geographical origin. Determined amount of positive temperatures above 0 °C required for mass ripening fruit honeysuckles different geographical origin. The plants bear fruit single fruits with empty seeds (ball bearing 1). The collection of climbing honeysuckles of the subgenus Chamaecerasus was created in the National Dendrological Park «Sofiyivka» of the NAS of Ukraine, it has significant scientific and informative value as collector' s stuff is valuable gene pool for further breeding work. The optimal forms of conservation and cultivation of biodiversity of round honeysuckle of the genus Lonicera L. in the one-species gardens and other artificially created phytocenoses have been determined.

scholarly journals Spring Ascomycetous fungi (Ascomycota) of the Nature Tract "Kholodnyi Yar"

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
A. Pluzhnyk ◽  
V. Dzhagan
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Red Lists ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Location

Information about spring ascomycetous fungi on the territory of the nature tract "Kholodnyi Yar" is presented. As the result of the study 33 species of the ascomycetous fungi were identified, 19 of which are actually spring species and 14 – found in the spring. 15 species are registered for the nature tract "Kholodnyi Yar" for the first time. The largest number of species is represented by the family Morchellaceae (5 species), as well as by the families Pezizazeae (4 species) and Sclerotiniaceae (4 species). The ecological-trophic structure is dominated by species with a saprotrophic feeding strategy, which belong to xylotrophs, humus saprotrophs and herbophilic fungi. The group of xylotrophs was the predominant group of saprotrophic fungi in terms of the number of species (10 species). Humus saprotrophs numbered 9 species of the order Pezizales. In addition, representatives of the group of herbophilic (6 species), which use last year's remnants of herbaceous plants as a substrate, were quite common. Dumontinia tuberosa was the most common species among biotrophic species which parasitizes on the rhizomes of plants of the genus Anemone and forms fruiting bodies at the same time as the flowering period of the host plant. Symbiotrophs were represented by 3 species that are also capable of the saprotrophic feeding strategy inherent to humus saprophytes. A new location for Gyromitra slonevskii, Morchella crassipes and M. steppicola – species which were listed in the third edition of the Red Book of Ukraine – has been registered. Species included in the local red lists were also identified, namely Gyromitra gigas and Verpa bohemica (Kyiv region), Helvella acetabulum (Kherson region). The finding of Phylloscypha phyllogena is the second in Ukraine and the first on the territory of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe.

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