scholarly journals LAWS OF THINKING AS A SUBJECT OF RESEARCH IN THE HERITAGE OF PROFESSORS OF THEOLOGICAL-ACADEMIC PHILOSOPHY OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
N. G. Mozghova ◽  
◽  
E. M. Shushkevych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Central Problem ◽  
Academic Philosophy ◽  
Western European ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Xix Century

The article is devoted to studying the logical and epistemological issues, in particular the laws of thinking in the creative heritage of the representatives of Kyiv theological-academic philosophy of the XIX century, such as V. Karpov, J. Mikhnevych, O. Novytsky, P. Linytsky. The central problem of the article is the theoretical search for ideological origins of understanding the essence, place and significance of the laws of thinking in human cognitive activity. The authors of the article focus on studying the creative heritage only of those personalities who had their own textbooks on logic, although the lectures were delivered without exception by all professors of philosophy of the KTA. This approach to the problem is associated with a number of difficulties, because in the textbooks it was difficult to find the thinker's own position on a particular problem. Despite this, the positions of professors differ significantly from each other. And we tried to prove it. The aim of the study was to clarify the ideological coincidence and at the same time fundamental differences of the main statements on understanding the essence, place and significance of the laws of thinking in human cognitive activity in the creative heritage of professors of the Kyiv Theological Academy. This goal was realized in the following tasks. to analyze the main ideas of works on the logic by K. Karpov, J. Mikhnevych, O. Novytsky, P. Linytsky and to reveal their worldview preferences; find ideological coincidences among the main statements of their theoretical preferences; to substantiate the fact of the influence of the Western European philosophical tradition on the philosophers of the Kyiv school of theological-academic philosophy of the XIX – early XX centuries

Feral Hospitality: Thinking Outside the House With Kedi

Public ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (61) ◽  
pp. 90-173
Author(s):  
Sara Swain
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The People ◽  
Western European

Our current understandings of hospitality are largely informed by the Western European philosophical tradition. This tradition, however, restricts accommodation to the proprietary space of the human house, or to its equivalent, the nation state. Both can only offer a constrained, exclusive, and temporary welcome. This has significantly limited the possibilities for imagining and practicing hospitality. In order to challenge the perceived scarcity at the heart of hospitality’s spatial imaginary, this essay turns to Kedi, Ceyda Torun’s 2016 documentary about Turkish street cats. Using the film as a guide, it explores what hospitality can look like outside the house. By tending to the relationships between cats and the people of Istanbul, the film offers a glimpse of a more capacious, creaturely, and cosmopolitan alternative I call, “feral Hospitality.” This is an itinerant and performative hospitality that produces rather than consumes space.

scholarly journals Precious framing of the bestowed royal figures during the time of Peter the Great

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
Iuliia Igorevna Bykova
Keyword(s):  
Art Criticism ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
Xvii Century ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Western European ◽  
Xix Century

The goal of this research is the comprehensive examination of precious framing of the bestowed royal figures in Russia during the reign of Peter the Great. The author explores the circumstances of emergence of such awards in Russia and creation of precious frames of this time, possible “prototypes” of the diamond frame pattern that are similar to Western European awards, the masters who design these frames, etc. The article is based on the combination of art criticism and historical-cultural approaches. The object of this research was the award badges – royal figures of the first quarter of the XVIII century (enamel and graphic miniature portraits of Peter the Great, as well as minted medals). The research employs the written (unpublished archival documents) and visual sources (portraits of the grandees of the Petrine period with such awards; images of the royal figures on lithographs of the mid XIX century). It is established that precious frames of the bestowed royal figures of the first quarter of the XVIII century had the same pattern. Most likely, in design of the framing of award badges in Russia, the masters relied on the appearance of the royal figures brought by Peter I from England and Holland after the Great Embassy. These Western examples, in turn, had the “design” characteristic to similar royal awards of the XVII century. The article list the names of the jewelers who manufactured diamond frames of the bestowed royal figures in Russia of that time. These are the "foreigners" J. Westfahl, K. Boldan, I. Jasper. A significant part of such frames (over a hundred) was created by J. Westfahl. The design of precious frame for the royal figures of the Petrine period remained in similar awards of the Russian rulers and in XVIII – XIX centuries.

scholarly journals ANTHROPOLOGICAL VIEWS OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA THINKERS: RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCES

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Hanna Salo
Keyword(s):  
Human Existence ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
Western European ◽  
Philosophical Doctrine

The study examines theoretical sources of the Ukrainian diaspora thinkers that influenced ideas about the person. Through the prism of the diversity of their creative heritage, one can identify the peculiar directions of their religious and philosophical vision, which was based on spirit, mind, heart, transcendence, which correlate with the Divine principle of human existence. It is emphasized that the ideas about a person of the Ukrainian diaspora thinkers were influenced, firstly, by religious ideas (ethnic religion, Christian anthropology); secondly, anthropological problems in the works of ancient Rus' thinkers (the development of the idea of cordocentrism); concepts about a person Gregory Skovoroda, Pamfil Yurkevich (the doctrine of the "internal" person, the heart as the focus of spirituality and morality) thirdly, the Western European philosophical anthropological tradition (psychoanalysis, existentialism, personalism, dialogism, etc.). Due to the existing positions, it can be established that the anthropological trend in the religious views of the Ukrainian diaspora was expressed in such positions: the anthropological perspective was comprehended against the background of a religious worldview, which was reflected in the model of the "man-God-peace" relationship. Diaspora scholars have identified man as the highest value, reflected in its everyday orientations and priorities. Their anthropological teaching is based on the existential-anthropological dominant, which largely determines the content and basic structural and semantic aspects of their religious and philosophical heritage. In fact, the assertion and actualization of diaspora discourse took place on the basis of a synthesis of the domestic religious and philosophical tradition and pan-European anthropological ideas. Intertwining into a kind of mosaic, various influences formed the syncretic religious-philosophical doctrine of person, which is key to the writings of diaspora thinkers.

Buddhist Philosophy as Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Siderits
Keyword(s):  
Buddhist Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Philosophical Inquiry ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Buddhist Tradition ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Academic Philosophy ◽  
Buddhist Teaching ◽  
Philosophical Texts ◽  
Current Resistance

Is Buddhist philosophy properly thought of as philosophy? The work of Buddhist thinkers such as Vasubandhu, Nāgārjuna, and Dharmakīrti is widely recognized as deploying the same sorts of tools to investigate the same sorts of topics as what one finds in the practices of academic philosophers in the early 21st century. Still there is resistance to incorporating Buddhist philosophical texts into the philosophy canon, and this both from “mainstream” academic philosophers and from Buddhologists (scholars of the Buddhist tradition). Current resistance can be traced to concerns over the soteriological context of Buddhist philosophizing. Those who wish to maintain the present Eurocentric focus of the philosophy canon suspect that the soteriological ends to which philosophical inquiry is put by Buddhists must compromise philosophy’s commitment to rationality and Buddhism’s commitment to its goal of salvation. Resistance from both sides thus presupposes that a spiritual practice necessarily involves commitments that are not rationally assessable. And this presupposition may be incompatible with the core Buddhist teaching of non-self. If this clears the way to including the Buddhist philosophical tradition in the canon, one must ask how this may affect the two parties to the project of fusion. A brief look at some recent missteps reveals that only if there is greater teamwork between philologically trained Buddhologists and scholars trained in (what currently counts as) “mainstream” academic philosophy can there be real progress. But the potential benefits—for both sides—may well justify the effort.

scholarly journals Establishment and Development of Vocational School in Ukraine (the second half of the XIX century - 1919): Axiological and Historical-Pedagogical Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1013
Author(s):  
Myroslav Pahuta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Universal Access ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
The One ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The article reveals axiological and historical-pedagogical aspects of the formation and development of the vocational school in Ukraine from the second half of the XIX century until 1919. Conducted analysis of axiological and historical-pedagogical aspects of the formation and development of the vocational school in Ukraine in the second half of the nineteenth century - 1919 has proved that this period is characterized by significant axiological and structural transformations of the then educational sphere. On the one hand, this was manifested in the strict control and despotic imperial policy, which instructed imperial officials to ruthlessly destroy any manifestations of educational democracy and the development of national educational trends in Ukraine, and on the other hand, society's demands and time to develop a new, more democratic, education system which had to be based on preparing young people for life. The article reveals the main ideas and approaches that formed the basis for the development of a vocational school in the territory of Ukraine. It has been established that in the specified period, the ideas of free and vocational education of students became especially popular in Ukraine among the progressive segments of the population. The particular value of these ideas for Ukrainian teachers was that they were based on the principles of democratic and humanistic nature, which opened up significant opportunities for teachers in the way of democratization of the educational process, updating the content, forms and methods of teaching and educating students. These ideas and approaches, along with the requirement of universal access to education, formed the basis for the development of a single vocational school during the years of Ukrainian statehood, which provided for the development of the value-based educational ideas within the then national educational paradigm. It is concluded that, despite all the difficulties in the formation and development of the vocational school in Ukraine within the period under study, we can safely say that vocational school itself and the ideas underlying it were essential and valuable for the Ukrainian society at that time.

scholarly journals The Other Europe: Identity Problems of Central Europe

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6(57)) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Alvydas Jokubaitis
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Milan Kundera ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Czeslaw Milosz ◽  
European Tradition ◽  
Political Traditions ◽  
Western European ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Identity Problems

Philosophers in Central Europe are highly dependent on the Western European tradition of philosophy, while politicians in the region tend to use arguments that are often foreign to the ones used in Western Europe. The philosophical tradition of Central Europe is dependent on Western European tradition – it would be impossible to speak about any kind of distinct regional philosophical paradigm. The situation with political self‑understanding in the region is very different. The politicians in the region are aware of the various differences between the two cultural and political traditions. Today these differences have become especially clear in various disagreements between politicians from the Visegrád Group and their colleagues in Western Europe. Politicians from Central Europe propose their own understanding of the meaning of Western civilization. This phenomenon can be described as a new political Messianism. The old Messianims of the 19th century today are being replaced by new consciousness of the specific mission of the region. Conservative politicians propose an understanding of the region which is based on cultural differences from Western Europe. Various conceptions about the singular identity of the region that were developed in the ninth decade of the 20th century by Czesław Miłosz, Milan Kundera and György Konràd today are gaining a new political significance.

scholarly journals RESEÑA CRÍTICA DEL EMPRESARIO EN EL PENSAMIENTO ECONÓMICO NEOCLÁSICO, KEYNESIANO Y CONTEMPORÁNEO

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (49) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Beatriz Pérez Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Satisfactory Theory ◽  
Historical Origins

RESUMEN Objetivo: Abordar los antecedentes del estudio del empresario en la economía neoclásica, keynesiana y contemporánea. En una etapa histórica que nace con la Revolución Industrial, se define al empresario como el propietario del capital; no obstante con la evolución del sistema capitalista esta definición resulta insuficiente. Material y metodos: Los métodos que se utilizaron fueron el método histórico-crítico, y el método comparativo. El método histórico-crítico, da mayor peso al origen histórico y a las condiciones de surgimiento para establecer la configuración definitiva y las prácticas económicas en la economía neoclásica, keynesiana y contemporánea. Así mismo; el método comparativo nos permite realizar una taxonomía del empresario. Se realiza una investigación bibliográfica de 12 teóricos representantes de estas tres corrientes. Resultados: El concepto de empresario aparece íntimamente unido al concepto de empresa concebida como realidad socioeconómica. El empresario personaliza la actuación de la empresa siendo la figura representativa que persigue objetivos coherentes con los fines a conseguir por la empresa en un intervalo temporal. Conclusiones: Las aportaciones, más que brindar una teoría satisfactoria del empresario, se complementan mutuamente para configurar valores, atributos, comportamientos y habilidades que los empresarios requieren para ser catalogados como tales. Al revisar los aportes, principales ideas y planteamientos de los autores que escribieron sobre los empresarios se encontró que se interesaron por definir: a) quién es un empresario; b) qué hace, es decir cuál es su función. A fines del siglo XIX y con el crecimiento en dimensión de las grandes empresas, comienza en la economía una preocupación por la actividad empresarial como función distinta de la propiedad de la empresa. ABSTRACT Objetivo: Review the background to study the entrepreneur in the neoclassical, Keynesian, and Contemporary economics. In a historic stage that was born with the Industrial Revolution, the entrepreneur is defined as the owner of the capital; however, with the evolution of the capitalist system this definition is insufficient. Material and method:The historical-criticism and the comparative method were used. The first one focuses its attention to the historical origins and the conditions of the appearance to establish the definite configuration and the economical practices in the neoclassical, Keynesian and contemporary economics. On the other hand, the comparative method allows us to make the taxonomy of the entrepreneur. A bibliographic research of 12 theoreticians of these three thoughts was performed. Results: The concept of entrepreneur appears intimately linked to the concept of enterprise conceived as a socioeconomic reality. The entrepreneur personalizes the performance of the company being the representative character that pursues the coherent goals of the company in a temporary interval. Conclusions: The contributions, more than providing a satisfactory theory of the entrepreneur, are mutually complemented to configure values, attributes, behaviors and abilities that the entrepreneurs require to be catalogued as they are. After reviewing the contributions, main ideas, and approaches of the authors who wrote about the entrepreneurs, it was found that they were interested to define a)who an entrepreneur is; b) what an entrepreneur does, this is, what his/her function is. At the end of the XIX century and with the growth in dimension of the great enterprises, it starts in the economics a preoccupation for the entrepreneurial activity as a different function of the company property.

Style Paradigms of Western European Music in the Works of Sydir Vorobkevych

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Yuliya Kapliyenko-Iliuk
Keyword(s):  
Creative Thinking ◽  
World View ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Western European ◽  
Classical Traditions ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Source Of Information

"The study of the works of composers of different national schools, their creative connections, peculiarities of stylistic contaminations – an important aspect of forming a general “world view” in the field of music. Individual personalities, their works have become a source of information about steady models of musical art, which have become a model for most European cultures. Stylistic paradigms of Western European music were differently manifested in the works of representatives of different peoples and times. The work of a Bukovynian composer of the end of the XIX century – Sydir Vorobkevych – is an example of a combination of national, folklore and classical traditions. The formation of his creative thinking took place in a multinational environment, studying at the Vienna Conservatory, attending concerts, and getting acquainted with the creative and performing activities of his contemporaries. S. Vorobkevych's variety of genres was influenced by stylistic models of classical, romantic, and separate national schools – German, Italian, French, Spanish, Romanian, Czech etc. Thus, the study of stylistic basics of creative work of composers of different national schools, revealing intercultural correlations of the past will contribute to the expansion of the ideas about principles of forming stylistic paradigms of the world musical art. Keywords: music of Bukovyna, creative ties, stylistic contaminations, Western European traditions, musical romanticism."

scholarly journals Mori Arimasa’s Concept of Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
L. B. Karelova
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Second Person ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Collective Experience ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Epistemological Pluralism

The article introduces and reconstructs the main ideas of the book Experience and Thought by Mori Arimasa. Released in the form of journal publications in 1970–1972, it has never been translated into European languages. The Japanese philosopher who spent a large part of his life in France undertakes a comparative analysis of the socio-cultural and linguistic foundations of the experience of the Japanese and Europeans. The article examines the main aspects of Mori’s concept of experience: understanding experience as a reality and as a subject, separation of two forms of experience — universal and personal, the relationship between experience and language and between experience and thought, the theory of binary connections and second person world, designed to identify and explain the underlying prerequisites that determine the specific character of the experience of the Japanese. The author of the article shows that Mori confirms his own thesis that the primary experience of a person is conditioned by original cultural deep predisposition and linguistic affiliation. Notwithstanding his life abroad and passion for Western philosophy, Mori thinks in about the same way as his fellow philosophers who lived in Japan, sharing their empiricism, understanding the subject as a relatum, perceiving an individual subjective experience as a segment of the universal experience, interpreting a subject as a sum total of relations. In conclusion, Mori’s ideas are assessed in terms of ethno-epistemological approaches. Undoubtedly, Mori’s analysis of the experience provides arguments for epistemological pluralism. It allows us to talk about the variability of the perception of reality in different cultural and historical contexts and about the possibility of different ways and perspectives of its comprehension, the spatial and temporal dynamics of epistemological terminology, despite the apparent commonality. Mori Arimasa taking experience as the starting point and the main task of his analysis, by his own example, demonstrated the importance of the empirical form of acquiring knowledge for Japanese epistemic culture, along with its inherent specificity of understanding experience. His linguistic studies of the structures of the native language resulted in the creation of a memorable image of the second person world and outlined the field of joint collective experience without a clearly expressed single autonomous subject of cognitive activity. Mori demonstrated an approach to cognition, in which the knower feels oneself a part of the cognized reality, and is not alienated from it, as a result the cognition turns into self-cognition of reality.

scholarly journals The development of children’s literature in Ukraine in the XX-XXI centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
Uliana Baran
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Children And War ◽  
Second World ◽  
Ukrainian Society

After Ukraine’s independence in 1991 Ukrainian children got wider access to the translations of the works of prominent world writers for children. The classic literature of the world, aiming to mediate the children’s feelings for beauty and literary aesthetic, became an integral part of the Ukrainian educational system. Thanks to the increase of famous children’s books written in modern Ukraine, Ukraine is now experiencing the growth of a new generation of more intelligent and capable citizens free from communism ideology, able to integrate and positively contribute to the modern multicultural world. However “children and war” is now again among the painful topics in modern Ukrainian society but not new in history and literature. There are no wars, initiated by Ukrainians. The Famine of Ukrainians in the East of Ukraine by Russians, the Second World War, physical genocide of Ukrainian families and their children for the whole century even also just for the Ukrainian language saved Pain and Distrust in the generation memory of Ukrainians. But the aim of this survey of the Ukrainian literature for children and youth is to show the developing processes in the society on the basics of the main ideas, topics, directions and values during the XX-XXI centuries, beginning since the end of the XIX century by such prominent writer like Ivan Franko.

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