scholarly journals State-of-the-Art Drug Therapies of Obesity

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
M.B. Antsiferov ◽  
◽  
T.N. Markova ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Keywords Obesity ◽  
Reduce Body Weight ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
The Russian Federation

Objective of the Review: To discuss state-of-the-art drug therapies of obesity. Key Points. Obesity is a socially significant healthcare problem, because it is associated with major conditions limiting life expectancy. The problem of obesity dates back to the period of Hippocrates; however, efficient drugs appeared as late as in the ХХI century. The article is a review of the state-of-the-art drug therapies for body weight reduction approved in the Russian Federation. It describes the efficiency and side effects and a case of obesity management with Liraglutide 3mg. Conclusion. Obese and overweight patients should undergo a medical examination in order to verify associated conditions and prescribe treatment, including drug therapy to reduce body weight. Keywords: obesity, drug therapy, body mass index, Liraglutide.

scholarly journals Modern Approaches to the Management of Obesity in Children: Novelties

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Ya.V. Girsh ◽  
◽  
E.V. Verkhovykh ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Paediatric Obesity ◽  
Extended Action ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Peptide Product

Objective of the Review: To analyse scientific publications in non-drug and drug therapy of paediatric obesity. Key Points. The paramount challenge in obesity management is timely diagnosis of overweight by paediatricians and prompt initiation of efficient non-drug therapy. A tremendous advantage of the life style, nutrition and physical activity correction is their safety. Psychologist engagement boosts non-drug therapy efficiency. Where non-drug therapy is inefficient, medications can be prescribed to children over 12 years old in addition to lifestyle correction. Orlistat possesses an acceptable efficiency profile and is safe, but it is associated with a number of adverse reactions and does not modify the eating habits of the patient. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide product, has proven to be efficient in adolescents of 12 to 18 years old, including visceral adiposopathy management. An extended action with minor adverse enteric reactions makes Liraglutide a promising product for the management of adolescent obesity. Conclusion. Obesity management in children and adolescents is based on a set of non-drug measures possessing proven efficiency and safety. In Russia, Orlistat and Liraglutide are approved for the use in children. Metformin can be considered as an off-label medication. To prove the efficiency and safety of bariatric surgery, further studies are warranted. Keywords: obesity, children, non-drug therapy, drug therapy, Liraglutide.

scholarly journals A long journey to COVID-19 in obese patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Fatima Kh. Dzgoeva ◽  
◽  
Olga A. Radaeva ◽  
Madina I. Asadulaeva ◽  
Elizaveta M. Vardanyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Thromboembolic Complication ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The paper reports clinical cases of obese patients who have had severe coronavirus infection (COVID-19): one case of damage to the gastrointestinal tract, and one case of neurological manifestation worsening (possible cognitive impairment). Assessment and therapeutic treatment of obese patients is challenging in terms of high thromboembolic complication rate. When choosing comprehensive treatment, dietary care and drug therapy, the improvement was observed in the form of gradual regression of disorders and further body weight reduction, which had a potential to affect the risk of complications, and to improve the overall quality of life of the patients.

The Important Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Pathophysiology of Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1481-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radu Mihail Mirica ◽  
Mihai Ionescu ◽  
Alexandra Mirica ◽  
Octav Ginghina ◽  
Razvan Iosifescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
English Language ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Body Weight Reduction

Obesity involves the growth of adipose tissue cells (adipocytes and preadipocytes), as well as microvascular endothelial cells. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are relevant ezymes for the modulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and adipocyte and preadipocytes differentiation. They are elevated in obese patients, generating abnormal ECM metabolism.[1]. This article proposes a thorough study of literature with focus on the important roles of matrix metalloproteinases in the pathophysiology of obesity. The article represents a narrative review based on an English-language PubMed research of the medical literature regardind important aspects of the proposed aim. MMP-2 activity was signi�cantly higher than MMP-9, both activities were detectable. MMP-9 was strongly correlated with body weight parameters before surgery, as well as after significant body weight reduction as a result of bariatric surgery. Concerning MMP-2 and MMP-9 they are also involved in the turnover of basement membranes both those of adipose tissue and endothelial. MMP-9 levels were moderately correlated with HDL cholesterol levels. Taken together, the present data suggest that changes in ECM through MMP-mediated degradation might play a critical role in the adipocyte differentiation process. These findings are detected both in clinical trials and in laboratory animal experiments. It is then tempting to speculate that the adipocyte-derived MMPs might represent a new pharmacological target for the inhibition of adipose tissue growth by inhibiting adipose differentiation as well as angiogenic process.

Effectiveness of Dulaglutide in the Real World and in Special Populations of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. e2617-e2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Luca Morieri ◽  
Vera Frison ◽  
Mauro Rigato ◽  
Michele D’Ambrosio ◽  
Federica Tadiotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Real World ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Abstract Context In randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (GLP-RA) dulaglutide reduced HbA1c and body weight, but generalizability of such findings to real-world T2D patients is challenging. Objective We evaluated effectiveness of dulaglutide in routine clinical practice, especially in subgroups of patient that are underrepresented in RCTs. Design Retrospective multicenter study. Setting Diabetes outpatient clinics. Patients and intervention All consecutive patients who initiated dulaglutide between 2015 and 2018. Main outcome measures Changes in HbA1c and body weight were assessed up to 30 months after baseline. Effectiveness was analyzed in patient subgroups according to: prior use of GLP-1RA, persistence on treatment and dose, age, sex, disease duration, renal function, obesity, cardiovascular disease, or concomitant use of insulin or sulphonylurea. Results From a background population of 83,116 patients, 2084 initiated dulaglutide (15.3% switching from another GLP-1RA), 1307 of whom had at least 1 follow-up visit. Overall, dulaglutide reduced HbA1c by 1.0% and body weight by 2.9 kg at the end of observation. These effects were more pronounced in GLP-1RA-naïve patients and in those with shorter disease duration. Improvement in HbA1c was highly significant and consistent across all subgroups, including those aged ≥ 75 years, nonobese, or with chronic kidney disease. Body weight declined in all subgroups and significantly more with the 1.5-mg versus 0.75-mg dose. Conclusions In real-world T2D patients, effectiveness of dulaglutide on HbA1c and body weight reduction was highly consistent and significant even in subgroups of patients poorly represented in RCTs.

scholarly journals European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults with a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-245
Author(s):  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Marwan El Ghoch ◽  
Annamaria Colao ◽  
Maria Hassapidou ◽  
Volkan Yumuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has been recently proposed as an appealing nutritional strategy for obesity management. The VLCKD is characterized by a low carbohydrate content (&#x3c;50 g/day), 1–1.5 g of protein/kg of ideal body weight, 15–30 g of fat/day, and a daily intake of about 500–800 calories. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of the current document is to suggest a common protocol for VLCKD and to summarize the existing literature on its efficacy in weight management and weight-related comorbidities, as well as the possible side effects. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This document has been prepared in adherence with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature searches, study selection, methodology development, and quality appraisal were performed independently by 2 authors and the data were collated by means of a meta-analysis and narrative synthesis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 645 articles retrieved, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed, revealing 4 main findings. First, the VLCKD was shown to result in a significant weight loss in the short, intermediate, and long terms and improvement in body composition parameters as well as glycemic and lipid profiles. Second, when compared with other weight loss interventions of the same duration, the VLCKD showed a major effect on reduction of body weight, fat mass, waist circumference, total cholesterol and triglyceridemia as well as improved insulin resistance. Third, although the VLCKD also resulted in a significant reduction of glycemia, HbA1c, and LDL cholesterol, these changes were similar to those obtained with other weight loss interventions. Finally, the VLCKD can be considered a safe nutritional approach under a health professional’s supervision since the most common side effects are usually clinically mild and easily to manage and recovery is often spontaneous. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The VLCKD can be recommended as an effective dietary treatment for individuals with obesity after considering potential contra-indications and keeping in mind that any dietary treatment has to be personalized. <b><i>Prospero Registry:</i></b> The assessment of the efficacy of VLCKD on body weight, body composition, glycemic and lipid parameters in overweight and obese subjects: a meta-analysis (CRD42020205189).

scholarly journals GlycoLite™ and helps to reduce body weight: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006

EFSA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dominique Turck ◽  
Jacqueline Castenmiller ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
Karen Ildico Hirsch‐Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Health Claim ◽  
Reduce Body Weight

The Influence of Age, Sex and Body Mass Index on the Effectiveness of Brisk Walking for Obesity Management in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Mabire ◽  
Ramakrishnan Mani ◽  
Lizhou Liu ◽  
Hilda Mulligan ◽  
David Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Brisk Walking ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Fat Percentage

Background:Brisk walking is the most popular activity for obesity management for adults. We aimed to identify whether participant age, sex and body mass index (BMI) influenced the effectiveness of brisk walking.Methods:A search of 9 databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two investigators selected RCTs reporting on change in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, fat-free mass, and body fat percentage following a brisk walking intervention in obese adults.Results:Of the 5072 studies screened, 22 met the eligibility criteria. The pooled mean differences were: weight loss, –2.13 kg; BMI, –0.96 kg/m2; waist circumference, –2.83 cm; fat mass, –2.59 kg; fat-free mass, 0.29 kg; and body fat percentage, –1.38%. Meta-regression of baseline BMI showed no effect on changes.Conclusions:Brisk walking can create a clinically significant reduction in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and fat mass for obese men and women aged under 50 years. Obese women aged over 50 years can achieve modest losses, but gains in fat-free mass reduce overall change in body weight. Further research is required for men aged over 50 years and on the influence of BMI for all ages and sexes.

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