scholarly journals Review on Macronutrient in Agronomy Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Isreal Zewide ◽  
Melash W
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Crop Quality ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Macronutrients play a very important role in plant growth and development. Three main elements are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N, P, K) and are required in abundance. They must be readily available through soil medium or fertilizer. The secondary elements are sulfur, calcium, and magnesium (S, Ca, Mg). The problem of low soil fertility and poor plant nutrition does not only affect crop yields but also crop quality. Various nutrient elements influence biochemical processes and eventually affect the overall quality of various crops and their products. Depending on the amount that is available for plant uptake, these nutrients influence crop yields and quality and plants treated with absence of nutrients in the nutrient solution showed that N and Ca were the most limiting nutrients to biomass production The crop quality characteristics mostly reported to be affected by plant nutrition include: proteins, carbohydrate, sucrose and fructose content in grains, root crops, tuber crops and fruits; vitamins like beta-carotene content in fruits and tubers; moisture content at storage in cereal grains, potato tuber density; and frying colours, and fruit weight. It has been noted that essential and beneficial nutrient elements contribute to crop quality through functioning as raw materials for the synthesis of various plant components that have food value to humans and animals.

scholarly journals Effect of NPK Fertilizer on Nutrient Uptake, Growth, Yield and Beta-carotene of Cutleaf Groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) of Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.S.D. Yamika ◽  
G.P. Simbolon ◽  
B. Waluyo ◽  
N. Aini
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Physalis Angulata

Background: Cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) has vitamins that are good for health. There were several genotypes of cutleaf groundcherry that have the potential to be widely cultivation, but information of doses of NPK fertilizer for those genotypes was still limited. The objective of this experiment was to determine the response of cutleaf groundcherry to different rates of NPK fertilizer. Methods: The experiment was conducted May - September 2019 in dry land field. The experiment used a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was genotypes cutleaf groundcherry (PA 01, PA 02 and PA 03) and the second factor was doses of NPK fertilizer (75, 150 and 225 kg ha-1 NPK). Conclusion: The increased in doses of NPK fertilizer to 225 kg ha-1 NPK increased nutrient uptake, plant growth and fresh fruit weight for each genotype of cutleaf groundcherry. Meanwhile ascorbic acid content increased with a dose of 150 kg ha-1 NPK, but decreased with increased NPK fertilizer rates. The beta-carotene content with 75 kg ha-1 NPK fertilizer was higher than with 150 and 225 kg ha-1 doses. The increase of NPK fertilizer doses otherwise decreases the beta-carotene content for each genotype. Shoot dry weight, fresh fruits weight and ascorbic acid in PA 03 genotype higher than PA 01 and PA 02 genotypes.

scholarly journals Efforts to increase production sweet potato as raw materials Kaya Beta Karoten flour by using compost baglog mushroom waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Rosmayati ◽  
Darma Bakti ◽  
Nini Rahmawati ◽  
Ridwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Potato Flour ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Sweet Potato Flour ◽  
High Beta

Research-based community partnership program activities involve two partners, namely the Murti Lestari Farmer Group and Agrina Creation UKM in Helvetia Village, XI Gang Sawit Hamlet, Labuhan Deli District Deli Serdang Regency. This dedication activity is the application of the results of research that had been carried out two years earlier which was USU's Talent Grants in 2017 and 2018. The problem faced was the lack of understanding of oyster mushroom baglog waste management techniques that have the potential to pollute the environment, on the other hand the farmer group Murti Lestari also experienced difficulties in increasing the quantity and quality of sweet potato production which is also widely cultivated in this village. The low interest of farmers is also encouraged because of the low price of sweet potato products and a relatively limited shelf life. The method implemented for training and discussion, accompanied by the practice of making compost from mushroom baglog waste, the practice of preparing planting material in the form of local sweet potato clones with high beta carotene content, compost application in sweet potato cultivation, maintenance to harvesting and post-harvest process using processing equipment into sweet potato flour rich in beta carotene and various other processed food products. Activities that have been carried out are training on composting of baglog mushroom waste using compost counting machines and bioactivators introduced in this activity so that the composting process goes faster, training on technical culture of orange sweet potato cultivation by applying mushroom baglog compost, training on mushroom making mushrooms and composting Oyster mushroom cultivation using shelves made of mild steel and fogging using a sprayer. Production and quality of yields of sweet potatoes that were given compost baglog oyster mushroom waste increased compared without the provision of compost. The next crop is processed into sweet potato flour with high beta carotene content and various food products using an introduced machine, which is a sweet potato slicing machine, flour machine, macaroni making machine and equipment for making sweet potato flour based food processing products.

Retinol and beta carotene content of indigenous raw and home-prepared foods in Northeast Thailand

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pongtorn Sungpuag ◽  
Sommai Tangchitpianvit ◽  
Uraiporn Chittchang ◽  
Emorn Wasantwisut
Keyword(s):  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Carotene Content

Vitamins A, C, and E and beta-Carotene Content in Seeds of Seven Species of Vicia L.

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet SAHIN ◽  
Yasar KIRAN ◽  
Fikret KARATAS ◽  
Senem SONMEZ
Keyword(s):  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Carotene Content

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN ANALISIS FINANSIAL USAHATANI HORTIKULTURA MENGGUNAKAN PUPUK BIOCOCOTIN DAN PUPUK KANDANG PADA LAHAN PASIR DI PROVINSI BENGKULU

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Ridha Rizki Novanda ◽  
Anandyawati Anandyawati ◽  
Merlian Zikri ◽  
Eko Sumartono
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Sandy Land ◽  
Human Feces ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
June July

ABSTRACT Biococotin is a fertilizer made from human feces and dried cocopit. The use of dried human feces and cocopit can be carried out on sandy land. This is because human feces are one of the feces that have good soil nutrient ability. Can be used as fertilizer on sandy land. Good plant nutrition will correlate with crop yields and farmer's income. Biococotin with manure has been used by farmers. Research carried out on sand farm farmers in Bengkulu Province discussed Lempuing Village, Bengkulu. The study was conducted for one month, June-July 2018. The process of collecting data was obtained from experimental results and interviews. Financial amount of funds needed to build and then carry out business activities. The results obtained from the costs incurred by biococtin are greater than those with manure. The entire competition meets eligibility, but nothing is feasible. This is due to high operational costs. The biggest outpouring of costs is the purchase of dry cocopit. This is because there is no dry cocopit in Bengkulu. The purchase of cocopit is carried out beyond the Bengkulu area at high prices.Keywords:  Biococotin, Finansial; Bengkulu. ABSTRAK Biococotin salah satu pupuk yang terbuat dari tinja manusia dan cocopit kering. Pemanfaatan tinja manusia kering dan cocopit dapat dilakukan di lahan berpasir. Hal ini dikarenakan tinja manusia merupakan salah satu kotoran yang memiliki kemampuan nutrisi tanah yang baik. Sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk pada lahan berpasir. Nutrisi tanaman yang baik akan berkorelasi dengan hasil tanaman dan pendapatan petani. Sehingga perlu dianalisis bagaimana perbandingan pendapatan pupuk biococotin dengan pupuk kandang yang selama ini digunakan oleh petani. Penelitian dilakukan pada petani lahan pasir di Provisi Bengkulu tepatnya Desa Lempuing, Bengkulu. Penelitian dilakukan selama satu bulan yaitu bulan juni-juli 2018. Proses pengumpulan data di dapatkan dari hasil eksperimaental dan wawancara. analisiss data aspek finansial (keuangan), jumlah dana yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun dan kemudian mengoperasikan kegiatan bisnis. Hasil yang di dapatkan yaitu biaya yang dikeluarkan biococtin lebih besar dibanding dengan pupuk kandang. Keseluruhan komoditas memenuhi kelayakan, akan tetapi komoditas kangkung perlakuan biococotin tidak layak. Hal ini disebabkan karna biaya operasional yang tingi.  Curahan biaya paling besar yaitu dalam pembelian cocopit kering. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak tersedianya cocopit kering didaerah Bengkulu. Sehingga pembelian cocopit dilakukan diluar daerah Bengkulu dengan harga mahal.Kata kunci:  Biococotin, Finansial, Bengkulu.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN ASAP CAIR ALANG-ALANG (Imperata cylindrica) SEBAGAI PENGAWET TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BUAH PISANG MAKAU (Musa spp.)

AGROINTEK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Dian Fitriarni ◽  
Rafika Ayuni
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Liquid Smoke

<em>Research on the utilization of liquid smoke especially for preservation of fruit has been done and become one of alternative methods that can be used to maintain fruit shelf life. Liquid smoke raw materials can come from a variety of sources one of which comes from the Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica). This study aims to determine the ability of liquid smoke made from  alang-alang as a preservative of bananas and to know the effect on the characteristics of bananas. The sample used in this research is a local banana known as Pisang Makau (Musa spp). This research uses experimental method with 7 days of storage time. Initial stages of the research are cleaning the fruit, dyeing, drying, and storage at room temperature. This research uses liquid smoke from alang-alang by using 2 various concentrations 50% and 100%. The next stage is the analysis of the characteristics of bananas such as color, fruit texture, fruit weight, sugar content, and vitamin C levels. Based on the analysis results obtained by Pisang Makau with the treatment of liquid has a longer shelf life than the control. Based on the results of the analysis of the shelf life of fruit treated with liquid smoke decreased levels of sugar and vitamin C levels. Percentage decrease levels of sugar and vitamin C between the fruit with the treatment and control not much different. This shows that liquid smoke from alang-alang has the ability to retain the shelf life of bananas without affecting sugar and vitamin C levels in bananas in this case for Pisang Makau. Levels of sugar and vitamin C in bananas decreased during the process of storage and bunding of fruit</em>

scholarly journals Apple Orchard Productivity and Fruit Quality under Organic, Conventional, and Integrated Management

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Peck ◽  
Preston K. Andrews ◽  
John P. Reganold ◽  
John K. Fellman
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Flesh Firmness

Located on a 20-ha commercial apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard in the Yakima Valley, Washington, a 1.7-ha study area was planted with apple trees in 1994 in a randomized complete block design with four replications of three treatments: organic (ORG), conventional (CON), and integrated (INT). Soil classification, rootstock, cultivar, plant age, and all other conditions except management were the same on all plots. In years 9 (2002) and 10 (2003) of this study, we compared the orchard productivity and fruit quality of `Galaxy Gala' apples. Measurements of crop yield, yield efficiency, crop load, average fruit weight, tree growth, color grades, and weight distributions of marketable fruit, percentages of unmarketable fruit, classifications of unmarketable fruit, as well as leaf, fruit, and soil mineral concentrations, were used to evaluate orchard productivity. Apple fruit quality was assessed at harvest and after refrigerated (0 to 1 °C) storage for three months in regular atmosphere (ambient oxygen levels) and for three and six months in controlled atmosphere (1.5% to 2% oxygen). Fruit internal ethylene concentrations and evolution, fruit respiration, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), purgeable volatile production, sensory panels, and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were used to evaluate fruit quality. ORG crop yields were two-thirds of the CON and about half of the INT yields in 2002, but about one-third greater than either system in 2003. High ORG yields in 2003 resulted in smaller ORG fruit. Inconsistent ORG yields were probably the result of several factors, including unsatisfactory crop load management, higher pest and weed pressures, lower leaf and fruit tissue nitrogen, and deficient leaf tissue zinc concentrations. Despite production difficulties, ORG apples had 6 to 10 N higher flesh firmness than CON, and 4 to 7 N higher than INT apples, for similar-sized fruit. Consumer panels tended to rate ORG and INT apples to have equal or better overall acceptability, firmness, and texture than CON apples. Neither laboratory measurements nor sensory evaluations detected differences in SSC, TA, or the SSC to TA ratio. Consumers were unable to discern the higher concentrations of flavor volatiles found in CON apples. For a 200 g fruit, ORG apples contained 10% to 15% more TAA than CON apples and 8% to 25% more TAA than INT apples. Across most parameters measured in this study, the CON and INT farm management systems were more similar to each other than either was to the ORG system. The production challenges associated with low-input organic apple farming systems are discussed. Despite limited technologies and products for organic apple production, the ORG apples in our study showed improvements in some fruit quality attributes that could aid their marketability.

scholarly journals Changes in biologically active substances of stone fruits under the influence of low temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 06017
Author(s):  
Irina Sobol ◽  
Ludmila Rodionova ◽  
Ludmila Donchenko ◽  
Artem Stepovoy
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Acid Reduction ◽  
Pectin Substances

Sufficient consumption of natural biologically active substances (BAS) – vitamins, dietary fiber, mineral compounds – reduces the risk of developing diseases associated with negative external factors. A large number of BAS are contained in the cherry plum fruits. Cherry plum is characterized by storage short term, during which quality changes are possible. Studies have been conducted on the low temperatures effect the change of BAS in cherry plum fruits. Studied objects were five cherry plum varieties grown in the Russian southern regions – Dinnaya, Zhemchuzhina, Obilnaya, Puteshestvennitsa, Neberdzhayskaya ranyaya. It was found that during storage, the physical and chemical parameters change slightly, the dry substances content decreases (within 1.3-3.2 %), sugars (5.5-7.0 %), the total acids content increases (2.8 3.3 %). The BAS content slight decrease during storage does not significantly affect the nutritional value of cherry plum fruits. The ascorbic acid reduction is 9.8-17.3 %, the anthocyanins content decreases on average from 16.9 to 19.7 %, the beta-carotene content decreases by 8.7-14.8 %, the reduction level of pectin substances is 15.75-22.2 %. Thus, the freezing method application allows to preserve valuable BAS in cherry plum fruits and use them in the future as a basis for the production of functional food products.

scholarly journals Polyphenolic composition and invitro evaluation of radical scavenging and anti diabetic properties of Canthium parviflorum

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1056-1061
Author(s):  
Azhagu Saravana Babu P ◽  
Vajiha Aafrin B ◽  
Renuka V ◽  
Shalini Priyanga C ◽  
Pooja D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Nutritional Compounds ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties

The main objective of the present study was to investigate the nutraceutical properties of the bioactive components from the extracts of Canthium parviflorum seeds (CPS). The anti-oxidant property of CPS extracts was carried out by estimating the total phenolic, flavonoid contents, flavonols, flavonols and radical scavenging properties. The results of these findings show that the aqueous extract of CPS rich in polyphenols (87.5 ± 0.2 mg GAE /g) and flavonoids (50.1 ± 0.2 mg QE/g) compounds than organic extracts. The effective inhibitory activity of CPS against α- amylase and α- glucosidases enzyme related to type- 2 diabetes was evaluated and compared. The aqueous extract was exhibited the maximum α-amylase and β-glucosidase inhibition of 91.1 ± 0.4 and 90.5 ± 0.1 % respectively. The seed extracts show a maximum of 25.5 % of protein and 6.4 mg/100g of zinc. The seed extract was exhibited maximum anti-oxidant property with beta carotene content of 5.4 mg/100 g of seed. The present work may be the platform to use to develop high-value nutritional compounds by unutilized plant materials. The natural anti-oxidant and polyphenols present in the extracts were showed great nutraceutical value, and it may be used to develop nutraceutical to enhance a healthy diet.

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