scholarly journals Changes in biologically active substances of stone fruits under the influence of low temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 06017
Author(s):  
Irina Sobol ◽  
Ludmila Rodionova ◽  
Ludmila Donchenko ◽  
Artem Stepovoy
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Acid Reduction ◽  
Pectin Substances

Sufficient consumption of natural biologically active substances (BAS) – vitamins, dietary fiber, mineral compounds – reduces the risk of developing diseases associated with negative external factors. A large number of BAS are contained in the cherry plum fruits. Cherry plum is characterized by storage short term, during which quality changes are possible. Studies have been conducted on the low temperatures effect the change of BAS in cherry plum fruits. Studied objects were five cherry plum varieties grown in the Russian southern regions – Dinnaya, Zhemchuzhina, Obilnaya, Puteshestvennitsa, Neberdzhayskaya ranyaya. It was found that during storage, the physical and chemical parameters change slightly, the dry substances content decreases (within 1.3-3.2 %), sugars (5.5-7.0 %), the total acids content increases (2.8 3.3 %). The BAS content slight decrease during storage does not significantly affect the nutritional value of cherry plum fruits. The ascorbic acid reduction is 9.8-17.3 %, the anthocyanins content decreases on average from 16.9 to 19.7 %, the beta-carotene content decreases by 8.7-14.8 %, the reduction level of pectin substances is 15.75-22.2 %. Thus, the freezing method application allows to preserve valuable BAS in cherry plum fruits and use them in the future as a basis for the production of functional food products.

scholarly journals Application of the Agrimonia eupatoria L. Extract for the Kvases Production

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Yuliya Miller ◽  
Olga Golub ◽  
Karina Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Active Substances

The article concerns the research of the herb Common Agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria L.) use in the kvass manufacture, because the plant has a high content of flavoring and biologically active substances (flavonoids, tannins, arbutin, etc.). Researchers used standard, adopted in the brewing and soft drinks industry test methods and methods of processing obtained results. To produce kvass with the best quality characteristics, a man has to use Agrimonia eupatoria L. extract. In order to obtain this extract with the maximum amount of flavoring and biologically active substances (polyphenolic substances, ascorbic acid) a man must macerate 3-5 mm cut grass using purified water as a solvent in a ratio of 1:10 at a temperature of 40 ± 3 °C for 5-6 hours. Agrimonia eupatoria L. extract is an opaque brown liquid with a weak greenish tint, weakly expressed sweet-apricot aroma and taste; the mass fraction of dry substances is 3.0 ± 0.1 %; acidity – 2.5 ± 0.2 units; the content of polyphenolic substances is not less than 13.5 mg / 100 cm3; the content of ascorbic acid – not less than 4.5 mg / 100 cm3 . The authors developed kvass technology, including the preparation of kvass wort and Agrimonia eupatoria L. extract separately, its blending, fermentation, cooling, clarification and bottling. Based on the organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters obtained during the study, the researchers recommended the optimal ratio of kvass wort and Agrimonia eupatoria L.: 90:10 – 80:20. They developed regulated quality indicators of the new kvass: appearance – a transparent foaming liquid with opalescence, without foreign inclusions; color – brown with greenish tones; aroma and taste – refreshing, sweet and sour, bread, with light tones of Agrimonia eupatoria L. extract. The use of an aqueous extract from the herb Agrimonia eupatoria L. in the kvass production enables to get products with original organoleptic characteristics

scholarly journals EDIBLE ONION FLOWERS (ALLIUM L.) AS A SOURCE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Ivanovna Fomina ◽  
Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

The results of comparative study of the content of biologically active substances in the flowers of 10 species of perennial onions Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. altaicum Pall., A. flavum L., A. microdictyon Prokh., A. nutans L., A. obliquum L., A. ramosum L., A. rosenbachianum Regel, A. schoenoprasum L., A. senescens L. var. glaucum Regel (A. senescens ssp. glaucum (Schrad.) N. Friesen) are presented. The freshly collected raw materials in the phase of mass flowering were analyzed. The dry matter content was determined by drying 1 g of raw material at 100–105 °C to a constant mass. The amount of phenolic compounds, pectin substances, total sugars, and carotenoids was determined spectrophotometrically using SF-56 (Russia) and SF "Agilent" 8453 (USA). For the first time, data on the quantitative content of the main groups of secondary metabolites in onion flowers were obtained. It has been established that in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, flowers of Allium species contain: 10.7-22.5% dry substances, 6.6-26.2% total sugars, 3.3–18.6% pectin substances, 3.6–10.6% phenolic compounds, 3.0–23.4  mg% carotenoids (per mass of absolutely dry materials) and 35.4–157.8 mg% ascorbic acid (per mass of raw materials). The highest values were found for A. rosenbachianum, A. flavum, and A. aflatunense. The high variability of the accumulation of biologically active substances is due to the species and the influence of weather conditions during the growing season. The study showed the prospects for using onion flowers as a source of various bioactive compounds, including when added to food.

scholarly journals The content of biologically active substances in the green biomass of perennial onions (Allium L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 207 (04) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Kukushkina ◽  
Tat'yana Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

Abstract. The aim of the study was to determine the content of the main groups of biologically active substances in the green mass of 8 species of perennial onions (Allium L.) during flowering. Methods. The freshly collected raw materials – leaves and flower scapes in A. altaicum Pall., A. flavum L., A. nutans L., A. obliquum L., A. ramosum L., A. schoenoprasum L., A. senescens L. var. glaucum Regel and A. strictum Schrader were analyzed. We used the generally accepted methods of phytochemical analysis. The dry matter content was determined by drying 1 g of raw materials at 100–105 °C to constant weight. The amount of phenolic compounds, pectin substances, total sugars, and carotenoids was determined spectrophotometrically. The amount of ascorbic acid was determined by the titrimetric method. All biochemical indicators, except for ascorbic acid, were calculated on the absolutely dry weight. Results. It has been established that the green mass of onions during flowering phase contains: dry matter – up to 28.3 %, flavonols – up to 1.8 %, tannins – up to 6.3 %, pectin substances – up to 14.7 %, total sugars – up to 42.9 %, ascorbic acid – up to 105.4 mg %, and carotenoids – up to 43.8 mg %. The content of catechins is 0.05–0.19 %. A. flavum and A. obliquum have the highest contents of main groups of biologically active substances, and the relatively low indicators are in A. ramosum and A. senescens var. glaucum. Scientific novelty. The quantitative content of catechins, tannins, pectin substances and carotenoids was studied in the onion species for the first time. The findings testify to the prospects of perennial onions as a source of various bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF TRIFOLIUM PANNONICUM JACQ. IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yelena Petrovna Khramova ◽  
Yelena Vasil'yevna Bogolyubova ◽  
Tat'yana Ablulhailovna Kukushkina ◽  
Tat'yana Mihajlovna Shaldaeva ◽  
Galina Kimovna Zvereva
Keyword(s):  
Total Activity ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

The article presents data on the content of biologically active compounds and the total activity of phenolic antioxidants in the leaves and inflorescences of the valuable forage plant Trifolium pannonicum Premier cultivar grown in different agroclimatic subareas of the Novosibirsk region – moderately warm, moist and moderately warm, not sufficiently moist. It is shown that, depending on the plant growth, biologically active substances are synthesized in differently: the content of flavonols, catechins, carotenoids and pectin substances is 1.1–1.6 times higher in plants from a more humid area. Tannins maximally (up to 17.43%) accumulate in the leaves of T. pannonicum, grown in an area with insufficient moisture. All samples of T. pannonicum variety Premier are characterized by high antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts from leaves and inflorescences (1.50–2.20 mg/g). The maximum of the total activity of antioxidants was found in the inflorescences of T. pannonicum from an area with insufficient moisture. Plant material T. pannonicum variety Premier is characterized by a fairly high content of biologically active substances.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE EXTRACTION METHOD OF INACTIVE FORMS OF PECTIN SUBSTANCES FROM FRUITS TO EASY-DIGESTIBLE ACTIVE FORM DURING THE OBTAINING OF NANOFOOD

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Pogarska ◽  
Raisa Pavlyuk ◽  
Roman David Tauber ◽  
Aleksey Pogarskiy ◽  
Adelina Berestova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Enzymatic Catalysis ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Complex Effect ◽  
Pectic Substances ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

The aim of the work is development of a unique method for deep processing of fruits and vegetables with a high content of sparingly soluble pectin substances, which makes it possible to remove pectic substances from inactive form and transform them into an easily digestible active form when obtaining natural semi-finished products and food products in nanosized form. To achieve the aim, a complex effect on the raw material of steam-thermal treatment or cryogenic shock freezing and fine-dispersed grinding is used as an innovation. A new method for obtaining finely dispersed additives and health products from fruits and vegetables with a high content of biologically active substances (BAS) and prebiotic substances is developed, which is based on a complex effect on raw materials of processes of steam-thermal or cryogenic treatment of raw materials and fine-dispersed grinding, which is accompanied by destruction, mechanochemistry, non-enzymatic catalysis. It is found that when these processes are activated, pectic substances are activated, more complete extraction from raw materials (4.5 ... 7.3 times) from a latent form and transformation into a soluble form. The mechanism of these processes is disclosed, recommendations for the creation of recreational nanoproducts are developed. It is shown that, in parallel, non-enzymatic catalysis (up to 70%) of hardly soluble pectic substances in individual monomers takes place, that is, transformation into a soluble, easily digestible form. The increase and seizures of latent forms of biologically active substances in finely dispersed frozen and heat-treated purees from fruit compared with fresh raw materials is established. The increase is respectively 1.5 ... 4.0 times and 1.5 ... 3.0 times. The quality of the obtained new types of fine mashed potatoes exceeds the known analogs for BAS content and technological characteristics. New types of purees are in a nanoscale, easily digestible form. With the use of new types of finely dispersed additives, a wide range of products for health-improving nutrition has been developed with a record content of natural BASs (new types of nano-lipids, nanosorb products, milk-vegetable cocktails, fillings for confectionery and extruded products, curd desserts, bakery products, snacks - falafel, creams, etc.).

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE ABOVEGROUND ORGANS OF ATRAPHAXIS FRUTESCENS AND A. PUNGENS (POLYGONACEAE), GROWING IN SIBERIA

2017 ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Вера (Vera) Андреевна (Andreevna) Костикова (Kostikova) ◽  
Евгений (Evgenij) Викторович (Viktorovich) Банаев (Banaev) ◽  
Дмитрий (Dmitrij) Константинович (Konstantinovich) Костиков (Kostikov) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'jana) Абдулхаиловна (Abdulhailovna) Кукушкина (Kukushkina)
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

The results of comparative study of the content of the biologically active substances in the aboveground organs of Atraphaxis frutescens (L.) C. Koch. and A. pungens (Bieb.) Jaub. et Spach. are presented. It is established that plants contain a rich complex of biologically active substances: flavonols, tannins, catechins, carotenoids, pectin substances. The leaves and the reproductive organs of the Atraphaxis differ in the highest content of all substances. Almost on all biochemical indices aboveground organs A. pungens surpass in A. frutescens. In leaves and reproductive organs of A. pungens the content of flavonols (up to 7.32% ‒ in reproductive organs and up to 10.10% ‒ in leaves), tannins (up to 34.30% and 27.27%, respectively) and protopectins (up to 11.29 and 7.96%), and also in leaves ‒ catechins (up to 3.92%) and in reproductive organs ‒ pectins (up to 2.63%) and carotenoids (up to 83.48 mg%) higher than at A. frutescens. The content of catechins in the reproductive organs (up to 3.78%) and in leaves ‒ carotenoids (up to 273.14 mg%) is higher in A. frutescens. Populations of Atraphaxis perspective for further pharmacological researches are allocated. Researches of biologically active substances A. frutescens and A. pungens growing in Siberia are spent for the first time.

scholarly journals CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE ABOVEGROUND PART OF SOME ONION SPE-CIES (ALLIUM L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Ivanovna Fomina ◽  
Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Aboveground Part ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

The results of comparative study of the content of biologically active substances in the aboveground part of 11 species of perennial onions Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. altaicum Pall., A. flavum L., A. microdictyon Prokh., A. nutans L., A obliquum L., A. ramosum L., A. rosenbachianum Regel, A. schoenoprasum L., A. senescens L. var. glaucum Regel (A. senescens ssp. glaucum (Schrad.) N. Friesen), A. strictum Schrad. are presented. The freshly collected raw materials in the phase of consumer ripeness were analyzed and all indicators, except for the amount of ascorbic acid, were calculated on the mass of absolutely dry raw materials. It was established in onions a high content of dry substances (up to 25.1%), flavonols (up to 3.4%), tannins (up to 14.6%), pectin substances (up to 25.8%), sugars (up to 34.8%), ascorbic acid (up to 222.5 mg% ), carotenoids (up to 131.9 mg%); the content of catechins was insignificant, at the level of 0.04–0.15%, only in A. rosenbachianum – up to 0.56%. The contents of catechins, tannins, pectin substances in onions were determined for the first time. A high interspecific and individual variability of accumulation of biologically active substances was revealed. A. rosenbachianum, A. aflatunense, A. flavum, A. microdictyon have the greatest contents and relatively low indicators are in A. senescens var. glaucum. The species are promising for cultivation in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia as early vitamin-bearing plants and as a source of various biologically active compounds.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES DASIPHORA FRUTICOSA AND СОMARUM SALESOVIANUM, GROWING IN ALTAI MOUNTAINS

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Elena Petrovna Khramova ◽  
Tatyana Ablulkhailovna Kukushkina ◽  
Tat'yana Mikhaylovna Shaldaeva ◽  
Serafima Yakovlevna Syeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Dasiphora Fruticosa ◽  
Pectin Substances

A comparative study of biochemical parameters of two closely related species of plants Dasiphora fruticosa and Соmarum salesovianum (shrub and subshrub), growing in the Altai Mountains, was carried out for the first time. It is established that plants contain a rich complex of biologically active substances: flavonols, tannins, catechins, carotenoids, saponins, pectin substances. In the leaves and flowers of D. fruticosa, the content of flavonols, tannins, saponins and pectin substances is 1.1–2.5 times higher than that of C. salesovianum. Particularly significant differences in the content of pectin substances and tannins, which are mainly synthesized in the leaves of plants. By contrast, saponins and flavonols accumulate in flowers more,than in leaves. Maximum content of carotenoids identified in the leaves of plants C. salesovianum (up to 70.4 mg%), but the yellow flowers of D. fruticosa contain carotenoids more 3.2 times than the white flowers of S. salesovianum. High antioxidant activity were found in water-ethanol extracts of leaves (up to 0.85 mg/g) and flowers (up to 0.98 mg/g) of D. fruticosa, which may be due to the increased content of phenolic compounds, in particular tannins compared with the S. salesovianum.

The content of biologically active substances in fruits of golden currant accessions breeding of research institute of horticulture of Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
V. S. Salykova ◽  
L. V. Shtil’
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances ◽  
Research Institute

Berries of golden currant have a nutritional value and a high content of biologically active substances (BAS). Variability and a high level of manifestation of accession parameters indicate the possibility of breeding for improving the biochemical composition of berries. The purpose of the work is to evaluate and select of golden currant accessions according to its high content of carotenoids, pectin and sum of pectin substances in fruits. The work was carried out at the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia, Department of Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies, in 2016- 2018. Weather conditions of 2016, 2017 were characterized as quite warm and quite moist, 2018 was dry and cool. Biochemical analysis was carried out in the laboratory of industrial technologies during the period of full ripeness of berries. Pectin substances were determined by the titrometric method (GOST 29059-91), carotenoids – according to I. K. Murray (GOST 8756.22-80 ST SEV 6519-88). The objects of the research were the varieties and selected forms of golden currant breeding of the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia. The control variety was Levushka. As a result of the work, varieties and selected forms were evaluated by the content of biologically active substances (carotenoids, pectin, pectin substances), promising forms with maximum biochemical parameters were identified. The content of carotenoids in the accessions varied widely 0.5 – 11.9 mg/100 g, on the average 3.5 mg/100 g. Levushka varieties (11.9 mg/100 g) as well as Podarok to Ariadne (7.7 mg/100 g), Ida (6.5 mg/100 g), selected forms 4198-06-9 (6.9 mg/100 g) and 4197-06-1 (5.5 mg/100 g were noted with high values. Varieties Valentina and Otrada showed stability over the years, the coefficient of variation was 5.8 and 12.0 %, respectively. The pectin content in berries varied from 0.5 to 1.5 %, on the average 1.0 %, in the accessions Valentina, Ida, Otrada, 4190-06-13 – 1.3%, in 4268-07-1 – 1.4 %, 4197-06-1 – 1.5 %. The total amount of pectin substances in berries amounted to 0.9 – 1.6 % on the average – 1.3 %, with an increased value Ida variety, forms 4190-06-13, 4197-06- 1, 4198-06-9, 4268-07-1 were highlighted. Over the years of the research, the stability in the content of the sum of pectin substances was shown by accessions 4197-06-1 (V = 8, 7 %), 4268-07-1 (V = 10.7 %), 4190-06-13 (V = 1.7 %)

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