scholarly journals SISTEM PERINGATAN KETINGGIAN AIR DAN KENDALI TEMUKU (PINTU AIR) UNTUK IRIGASI SAWAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
I Gusti Made Ngurah Desnanjaya ◽  
I Gede Pandy Sastrawan ◽  
I Wayan Dani Pranata
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Water Gate ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Level Information ◽  
And Control

The irrigation system in rainfed lowland is done through a water gate (Temuku). Farmers should always control the height of the water and wetland gates during the dry and rainy seasons. This is due to delays in control which can cause the fields to dry or flooded. In this research, water warning system and Temuku control (water gate) for irrigation of paddy field. This tool can provide water level information and can also close or open the irrigation water gate through an SMS. Components used in the manufacture of water alert warning systems and the control of Temuku (sluice gates) for irrigation rice fields are arduino UNO, ultrasonic sensors, SIM 900 and servo motors. From the results of tests that have been done, it can be concluded that the system of water warning and control of Temuku (sluice gate) for irrigation of paddy field has been able to provide water level information to farmers and also the system has been able to control the irrigation water gate according to the input given by SMS.

Nutrient balance in a paddy field with a recycling irrigation system

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.W. Feng ◽  
I. Yoshinaga ◽  
E. Shiratani ◽  
T. Hitomi ◽  
H. Hasebe
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Irrigation Period ◽  
Main Input

We studied nutrient balance in a paddy field that had a recycling irrigation system and evaluated the effect of the irrigation system on nutrient balance during the irrigation period, from April to August 2002. Chemical fertilizer was the main input of phosphorus; the soil absorbed about 56% of it. The amount of nitrogen supplied by the irrigation system was higher than in a representative paddy field, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used was decreased because the irrigation water was partly reused. About 20% of applied nitrogen was lost by denitrification. The net outflows of phosphorus and nitrogen were −0.37 and −3.98 kg ha−1, respectively. These results indicate that our study paddy field performed well in removing phosphorus and nitrogen compounds from runoff water. A recycling irrigation system can be considered an effective way of reducing the amounts of water and fertilizer used and reducing the outflow nutrients.

scholarly journals Prototype Pintu Air Berbasis Android dan Mikrokontroller Menggunakan Bluetooth

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irmansyah ◽  
Junaldi Junaldi ◽  
Arya Bima Surya
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Human Power ◽  
Water Gate ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Limit Position ◽  
And Control

Generally, in existing dams facilitated by sluice are used to control the amount of water on that dam. This sluice is controlled by a human that has a duty to maintain the stability of the water on that dams or not to be more than existing limitation. Therefore the doorman clerk must be ready at all times and it is impossible for him to do it over time.  The water gate drain human energy when open and then close it again. This tool is using as a replacement for human power. By the statement improved advanced technology development taht combines Android with Bluetooth-based Atmega 328 microcontroller instruments. This remote sluice control works automatically. The Ping sensor measures the level of the water and sluice, after that the recorded data will be processed by microcontroller and send it into the Android through Bluetooth. Besides that, the Android data that consist of water level and sluice will be captured on the LCD screen. On the other hand, the Beeb voice that getting from a buzzer will active when the level of the water sign exceeds 3 cm. In this research, Android is used as a  monitoring tool and control system remotely. Furthermore,  this tool also uses a DC motor in order to open and close sluice, so it makes the water gate capable to be closed and opened based on expected distance. This system hopefully can automatically open the water gate if the water level higher than a limit position by using an android control system based on operator expectation. That way there is no human power needed to open the water gate. In other words, effectiveness and efficiency will occur.

Nitrogen removal function of recycling irrigation system

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hitomi ◽  
I. Yoshinaga ◽  
Y.W. Feng ◽  
E. Shiratani
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Irrigation Period ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Irrigation Drainage

The purpose of this study was to clarify the nitrogen (N) purification capacity of a paddy field in a recycling irrigation system. Irrigation water was sampled at 12-h intervals during the irrigation period from April to September 2003. In addition, ponded water in a paddy field was collected at three points (inlet, centre and outlet). Total amounts of N were 30.7 kg ha−1 in inflow and 27.8 kg ha−1 in outflow. Thus, the net outflow load was −2.9 kg ha−1. The N removal rate constant when N removal is expressed as a 1st-order kinetic was 0.017–0.024 m d−1. This value is close to values of wetlands and paddy fields in the literature. We found a good correlation between recycling ratio and N removal effect. These results indicate that the recycling irrigation system accumulates N in the irrigation/drainage system, and thus the paddy field does a good job of water purification by removing N.

scholarly journals Threshold Definition for Monitoring Gapa Landslide under Large Variations in Reservoir Level Using GNSS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4977
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Wu ◽  
Xinli Hu ◽  
Wenbo Zheng ◽  
Matteo Berti ◽  
Zhitian Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Velocity Threshold ◽  
Landslide Deformation

The triggering threshold is one of the most important parameters for landslide early warning systems (EWSs) at the slope scale. In the present work, a velocity threshold is recommended for an early warning system of the Gapa landslide in Southwest China, which was reactivated by the impoundment of a large reservoir behind Jinping’s first dam. Based on GNSS monitoring data over the last five years, the velocity threshold is defined by a novel method, which is implemented by the forward and reverse double moving average of time series. As the landslide deformation is strongly related to the fluctuations in reservoir water levels, a crucial water level is also defined to reduce false warnings from the velocity threshold alone. In recognition of the importance of geological evolution, the evolution process of the Gapa landslide from topping to sliding is described in this study to help to understand its behavior and predict its potential trends. Moreover, based on the improved Saito’s three-stage deformation model, the warning level is set as “attention level”, because the current deformation stage of the landslide is considered to be between the initial and constant stages. At present, the early warning system mainly consists of six surface displacement monitoring sites and one water level observation site. If the daily recorded velocity in each monitoring site exceeds 4 mm/d and, meanwhile, the water level is below 1820 m above sea level (asl), a warning of likely landslide deformation accelerations will be released by relevant monitoring sites. The thresholds are always discretely exceeded on about 3% of annual monitoring days, and they are most frequently exceeded in June (especially in mid-June). The thresholds provide an efficient and effective way for judging accelerations of this landslide and are verified by the current application. The work presented provides critical insights into the development of early warning systems for reservoir-induced large-scale landslides.

scholarly journals Temporary Water Markets in Oman

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slim Zekri ◽  
Hemesiri Kotagama ◽  
Houcine Boughanmi
Keyword(s):  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Water Markets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Irrigation Water Management ◽  
Management Institutions ◽  
And Control

Market vis-à-vis command and control approaches have been widely adopted in natural resource and environmental management since the 1980s. Adoption of markets in managing irrigation water resources is also emerging. It has been argued that markets are ineffective in managing the demand for irrigation water due to very low price elasticity. Most studies have been based on mathematical models simulating water markets and not on observed prices and quantities in real water markets since such data are rarely available. In Oman, perhaps in response to the extreme scarcity of water, elaborate water demand management institutions emulating markets have evolved and have been used for centuries. Water entitlements are leased based on prices through a community auction. The traded quantities of water and related prices have been recorded. This study uses this unique data set to estimate the elasticity of irrigation water. A log function on quantity and price of irrigation water is used with dummy variables on time and type of irrigation system. The price elasticity varies from -0.10 to -0.28, depending on the specifications of the econometric model. These estimates are higher than most estimates reported in past studies, indicating the efficacy of the indigenous market-based irrigation water management institution adopted in Oman. 

scholarly journals Integration of Disaster Detection and Warning System for a Smart Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 140351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Chieh Wang ◽  
Shao-Fan Lien ◽  
Yi-Chun Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Monitoring And Control System ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Programming Software ◽  
And Control ◽  
Electronic Compass ◽  
Smart Vehicle

For firefighters and rescuers, the disaster relief works are difficulty performed in the tunnels because of their constricted space. To reduce the losses of accident, the safety of tunnels and factories should be ordinarily kept under surveillance. Hence, a multisensor based smart tracked vehicle is designed for the application of autonomous detection and surveillance in this paper. Besides, multisensors, communication modules, wireless cameras, an electronic compass, and a GPS module are installed in the vehicle. The key feature is the integration of disaster detection and warning systems so that the vehicle can move autonomously. Furthermore, a LabVIEW graphical programming software is applied to design a human machine interface (HMI) and integrate all systems such that the vehicle can be guided by High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSHPA) based remote control. Moreover, basic stamp microcontrollers are utilized as its control kernel such that the remote monitoring and control system (RMCS) can be constructed successfully.

To the issue of water treatment by hydrocyclone on the systems of the combined irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Nikolay Dubenok ◽  
Andrey Novikov ◽  
Sergei Borodychev ◽  
Maria Lamskova
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Cylindrical Part ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Drain Pipe ◽  
Irrigation Network

At the stage of water treatment for irrigation systems, the efficiency capture coarse and fine mechanical impurities, as well as oil products and organic compounds affects the reliability of the equipment of the irrigation network and the safety of energy exchange processes in irrigated agricultural landscapes. The violation of work irrigation system can cause disruptions in irrigation schedules of agricultural crops, crop shortages, degradation phenomena on the soil and ecological tension. For the combined irrigation system, a water treatment unit has been developed, representing a hydrocyclone apparatus with a pipe filter in the case. For the capacity of 250 m3/h the main geometrical dimensions of hydrocyclone have been calculated. To organize the capture petroleum products and organic compounds, it has been proposed a modernization of a hydrocyclone unit, consisting in dividing the cylindrical part of the apparatus into two section. The first is section is for input irrigation water, the second one is for additional drainage of clarified irrigation water after sorption purification by the filter, placed on the disk and installed coaxially with the drain pipe and the pipe filter.

scholarly journals Using ADAS to Future-Proof Roads—Comparison of Fog Line Detection from an In-Vehicle Camera and Mobile Retroreflectometer

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1737
Author(s):  
Ane Dalsnes Storsæter ◽  
Kelly Pitera ◽  
Edward McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Warning System ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Lane Departure Warning ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Pavement Markings ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Lane Marking ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Pavement Marking

Pavement markings are used to convey positioning information to both humans and automated driving systems. As automated driving is increasingly being adopted to support safety, it is important to understand how successfully sensor systems can interpret these markings. In this effort, an in-vehicle lane departure warning system was compared to data collected simultaneously from an externally mounted mobile retroreflectometer. The test, performed over 200 km of driving on three different routes in variable lighting conditions and road classes found that, depending on conditions, the retroreflectometer could predict whether the car’s lane departure systems would detect markings in 92% to 98% of cases. The test demonstrated that automated driving systems can be used to monitor the state of pavement markings and can provide input on how to design and maintain road infrastructure to support automated driving features. Since data about the condition of lane marking from multiple lane departure warning systems (crowd-sourced data) can provide input into the pavement marking management systems operated by many road owners, these findings also indicate that these automated driving sensors have an important role in enhancing the maintenance of pavement markings.

scholarly journals An Augmented Warning System for Pedestrians: User Interface Design and Algorithm Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7197
Author(s):  
Yourui Tong ◽  
Bochen Jia ◽  
Shan Bao
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Warning System ◽  
User Interface Design ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Projection Algorithms ◽  
Time Projection ◽  
Timely Warning

Warning pedestrians of oncoming vehicles is critical to improving pedestrian safety. Due to the limitations of a pedestrian’s carrying capacity, it is crucial to find an effective solution to provide warnings to pedestrians in real-time. Limited numbers of studies focused on warning pedestrians of oncoming vehicles. Few studies focused on developing visual warning systems for pedestrians through wearable devices. In this study, various real-time projection algorithms were developed to provide accurate warning information in a timely way. A pilot study was completed to test the algorithm and the user interface design. The projection algorithms can update the warning information and correctly fit it into an easy-to-understand interface. By using this system, timely warning information can be sent to those pedestrians who have lower situational awareness or obstructed view to protect them from potential collisions. It can work well when the sightline is blocked by obstructions.

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