scholarly journals Features of Microbiocenoses of Various Biotopes in Women as Potential Miscarriage Risk Factor

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
A. E. Goncharov ◽  
S. V. Rischuk ◽  
B. I. Aslanov ◽  
E. A. Lebedeva ◽  
D. V. Azarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Spontaneous Miscarriage

Relevance. Miscarriage is one of the most common obstetric pathologies that determine the spontaneous death of the fetus. The role of changes in the microbiome of various biotopes is considered as a risk factor of this disease.Aim of the research is to assess the microbiocenoses structure of the reproductive system and the intestine associated with the development of spontaneous miscarriages in early pregnancy.Materials and methods. A case-control study was conducted and organized. The group of «cases» included 23 women with spontaneous miscarriage at 5–14 weeks of pregnancy and the control group included 23 women with normal pregnancies Based on the data of metagenomic sequencing of V3–V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene, a comparative assessment of the structure of the vaginal and intestinal microbiome in these groups was carried out.Results. As a result of the study, a number of taxonomic groups of microorganisms in the vagina and intestines associated with miscarriage. It was found that the decrease in the proportion of Lactobacillus spp. in the structure of the vaginal microbiome, less than 90% of the total number of identified taxa is associated with this pathology (OR = 5.28 (95% CI = 1.2-23.2)). The gut microbiocenoses of women with spontaneous miscarriage are characterized by less taxonomic diversity than the gut microbiome of women with advanced pregnancy. At the same time, some representatives of the intestinal microbiome (Akkermansia sp., Faecalibacterium sp., Bifidobacterium sp., Methanobrevibacter sp., Lactococcus sp.) predominate in women with a normal pregnancy.Conclusion. The study demonstrated a significant role of changes in microbiocinosis of the reproductive tract and intestines in miscarriage. There is a potentially protective function of lactobacilli. The obtained data substantiates the need for active use of molecular genetic methods focused on the assessing the structure of the vaginal and intestinal microbiota in assessing the risks of reproductive failures.

scholarly journals Friendship quality as a moderator between perception of interparental conflicts and maladjustment in adolescence

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Larsen ◽  
Susan J. T. Branje ◽  
Inge van der Valk ◽  
Wim H. J. Meeus
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Interparental Conflict ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Moderating Role

The aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the moderating role of friendship quality in the association between adolescent perception of interparental conflicts and maladjustment. Participants were 1294 adolescents enrolled in the Dutch CONAMORE 2001—2006 study ( Mage = 13.6 years). AMOS multigroup analyses were utilized. Results show that low friendship quality is a risk factor for both boys and girls, aggravating the effect of interparental conflicts on anxiety, whereas for aggression this was only the case for boys. No convincing support was found for high friendship quality's protective function against the effect of perceived interparental conflict on maladjustment. These findings show the substantial importance of not being in a low quality friendship when adolescents perceive interparental conflicts.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Steroidogenesis in the Development of Severe Acne

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Rumyantsev ◽  
Olga M. Dеmina
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Genetic Diagnostics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severe Acne ◽  
High Throughput Dna Sequencing ◽  
Molecular Genetic Diagnostics ◽  
Gene 4

Background: Acne is a multifactorial disease, in the pathogenesis of which one of the leading factors is the excessive effect of androgens on the hair follicles (HFs) and sebaceous glands (SGs), along with hypersecretion of sebum, pathological follicular hyperkeratosis and an inflammatory response. The search for genotypic markers in patients with varying severity of acne is a difficult task due to the multifactorial pathogenesis and the role of trigger factors in the formation of acne. The aim of this study was to determine SNPs within 3 genes involved in steroidogenesis (MVK, ARPC1B, and CA2) in patients with severe acne. Methods and Results: The study included 70 patients (42 men and 28 women) aged between 15 and 46 years (the median age - 22.1 years). The main group (MG) included 50 patients (29 men and 21 women) with severe acne. The control group (CG) consisted of 20 apparently healthy individuals (13 men and 7 women). Molecular-genetic diagnostics was carried out by the method of high-throughput DNA sequencing (next-generation sequencing). Our study showed that severe acne is associated with 12 polymorphic loci of the MVK gene (4 SNPs in exons and 8 SNPs in introns), 7 SNPs of the ARPC1B gene (2 SNPs in exons and 5 SNPs in introns), and 9 SNPs of the CA2 gene (3 SNPs in exons and 6 SNPs in introns). Conclusion: The revealed features of the SNPs within the MVK, ARPC1B, and CA2 genes in patients with severe acne probably indicate a hereditary determination of steroidogenesis in acne.

Intestinal microbiota in patients with acute leukemia (AL) and allogeneic hematopoietics stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19518-e19518
Author(s):  
Brenda Lizeth Acosta-Maldonado ◽  
Fernando Vallejo-Leucona ◽  
Felipe Vaca-Paniagua ◽  
Liliana Rivera-Fong ◽  
Elizabeth Hernández-Urzúa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Multiple Drugs

e19518 Background: Microbiome is a challenging study area due to its influence on the multiple host functions. The majority of human-associated microbes reside within the colon. Our understanding about the complex interplay between host and environmental factors to shaping the microbiota is evolving rapidly AL is an unfavorable prognosis disease whose only cure possibility is the allo-HSCT. This procedure uses high doses of chemotherapy and multiple drugs such as antibiotics, antiviral, antifungals, and immunosuppressants that damage the mucous membranes and alter the intestinal microbiome balance. These events have been linked to bacterial resistance, relapse risk, Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD), and poor Overall Survival (OS). The present study’s objective was to identify the intestinal microbiome bacteria groups during allo-HSCT and to evaluate their impact on patients outcome. Methods: Observational and prospective study was performed. Eleven patients with acute leukemia under alloHSCT and 11 health control (relatives) were enrolled. Gut faecal samples were collected in both groups; three for patients (at income day (ID), neutropenic period (N) and 30 days after discharge (+30D) and one in healthy donor (HD) at income day of their relatives. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences were characterized by illumina and QUIIME 2. Biodiversity of microbiome was evaluated by OTUS, Shannon index and dominance. This proyect was supported by CONACyT. Results: We analyze 11 patients, 55% were male, with a median of 25 years-old at allo-HSCT. 7/10 received a HLA-identical and 4/10 an haploidentical HSCT. 82% had GVHD (I-IV), 1/11 died (two due to infections-GVHD and one of disease relapse). We analyzed 44 samples. There are no difference between healthy control group and income day patients’ samples. Statistical differences in the patients’ microbiome were identified among HSCT moments. According OTUS and Shannon Index the biodiversity decrease at neutropenia, and increase at day +30 outcome but it doesn’t represent a complete recovery. Greater bacterial dominance was observed in neutropenia period. (Table). 3/10 patients who died didn’t recovery biodiversity at day +30. Conclusions: Our results suggest that poor microbiome biodiversity recovery could be a worst prognostic [Table: see text]

What is the Relationship Between Chronic Sinus Disease and Isolated Nasal Septal Deviation?

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Yasan ◽  
Harun Doĝru ◽  
Bahattin Baykal ◽  
Fehmi Döner ◽  
Mustafa Tüz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Septal Deviation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
Nasal Septal Deviation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Objective The aim of this retrospective study is to examine the role of isolated nasal septal deviation (NSD) in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Study Design and Setting The interaction between isolated NSD and chronic sinus disease were retrospectively evaluated in 1452 patients. Out of 1452 patients, 152 patients were included in the study. Patients with anatomical variants other than NSD were excluded from the study. Patients with NSD were enrolled in the study group and patients without NSD were enrolled in the control group. Results There was no statistically significant difference between NSD group and non-NSD group with respect to the CRS. Conclusions The mild to moderate degree of NSD was not a risk factor for chronic sinus disease. Only gross deviation of the nasal septum itself is a risk factor for the development of CRS. Significance Excluding the subjects with ostiomeatal anatomic variations has differentiated this study from the previously reported researches (isolated NSD).

scholarly journals The Intestinal Microbiome Predicts Weight Loss on a Calorie-Restricted Diet and Is Associated With Improved Hepatic Steatosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien S. Dong ◽  
Kayti Luu ◽  
Venu Lagishetty ◽  
Farzaneh Sedighian ◽  
Shih-Lung Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Restricted Diet

Background: The microbiome has been shown in pre-clinical and epidemiological studies to be important in both the development and treatment of obesity and metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, few studies have examined the role of the microbiome in the clinical response to calorie restriction. To explore this area, we performed a prospective study examining the association of the intestinal microbiome with weight loss and change in hepatic steatosis on a calorie-restricted diet.Methods: A prospective dietary intervention study of 80 overweight and obese participants was performed at the Greater West Los Angeles Veterans Affair Hospital. Patients were placed on a macronutrient standardized diet for 16 weeks, including 14 weeks of calorie restriction (500 calorie deficit). Body composition analysis by impedance, plasma lipid measurements, and ultrasound elastography to measure hepatic steatosis were performed at baseline and week 16. Intestinal microbiome composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A per protocol analysis was performed on all subjects completing the trial (n = 46).Results: Study completers showed significant reduction in weight, body mass index, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, and triglyceride. Subjects who lost at least 5% of their body weight had significantly greater reduction in serum triglyceride and hepatic steatosis than those with <5% body weight loss. Enterococcus and Klebsiella were reduced at the end of the trial while Coprococcus and Collinsella were increased. There were also significant baseline microbiome differences between patients who had at least 5% weight loss as compared to those that did not. Lachnoclostridium was positively associated with hepatic steatosis and Actinomyces was positively associated with hepatic steatosis and weight. Baseline microbiome profiles were able to predict which patients lost at least 5% of their body weight with an AUROC of 0.80.Conclusion: Calorie restriction alters the intestinal microbiome and improves hepatic steatosis in those who experience significant weight loss. Baseline microbiome differences predict weight loss on a calorie–restricted diet and are associated with improvement in hepatic steatosis, suggesting a role of the gut microbiome in mediating the clinical response to calorie restriction.

scholarly journals Relationship between Family Mobility and the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever at Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Tri Wulandari Kesetyaningsih ◽  
Dimas Pradana Putra ◽  
Farizki Muhammad Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Family Mobility

Abstract: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a public health problem in the world. Transmission of dengue through Aedes mosquito, so that the incidence is locally limited to the distance of flying. A role of mobility towards dengue spreading have not been consistent. This study aims to provide information about the role of family members’ mobility in dengue incidence by using observational study with case control design. Case group are families whose members have suffered from dengue in 2014-2016 and control groups are their neighbors. There were 114 people for case and 116 for control group which is divided into two locations namely Sleman and gamping. Data on DHF patients and their addresses were obtained from Health Office, and mobility obtained through questionnaires then analyzed using chi square to determine the role of mobility in DHF incidence. The results show that there is no significance relationship between family mobility and the incidence of DHF. In Gamping, P high - low is 0.307 and P moderate - low is 0.523. In Sleman, P high - low is 0.685 and P moderate - low is 0.438. It was concluded that the mobility of family members was not a risk factor for dengue infection. Keywords: family mobility, DHF incidence, risk factor

scholarly journals Potential role of intestinal microflora in disease progression among patients with different stages of Hepatitis B

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-An Yang ◽  
Fengchun Lv ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Yange Chang ◽  
Yiming Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Faecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Α Diversity

Abstract Background Increasing evidence demonstrate that the gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of liver diseases, and faecal microbiota transplantation is considered to be a promising new treatment option. However, there are no reports on the intestinal flora of asymptomatic HBV carriers using next-generation sequencing. This study intends to investigate the potential role of the intestinal microflora in predicting the progression of Hepatitis B patients in different non-cancerous stages. Results A total of 266 patients with different stages of Hepatitis B and 31 healthy controls were included in this study. Some of the subjects (217 cases) underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Compared with the control group (CK), the α diversity of patients in Group A (HBV carrier) slightly increased, while that of patients in the other three groups decreased. Each group of patients, especially those in Group C (cirrhosis) and Group D (acute-on-chronic liver failure), could be separated from the CK using weighted UniFrac PCoA and ANOSIM. LEfSe revealed that 40 taxa belonging to three phyla had an LDA larger than 4. In addition to the comparison between Group B (chronic Hepatitis B) and Group C, the specific flora and potential taxonomic function were also identified. Different microbial communities were found to be highly correlated with clinical indicators and the Child-Pugh scores. Changes in the microbial community were highly related to the alternations of host metabolism, which in turn, was related to the development of Hepatitis B. Our analysis identified a total of 47 strains with potential biomarker functions at all levels except for the phylum level. Conclusions Faecal microbiota transplantation of some potential beneficial bacteria can change with the occurrence of disease, and HBV carriers might be the most suitable donors.

scholarly journals Carriership of two copies of C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat intermediate-length alleles is a risk factor for ALS in the Finnish population

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karri Kaivola ◽  
Samuli J. Salmi ◽  
Lilja Jansson ◽  
Jyrki Launes ◽  
Laura Hokkanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Corticobasal Degeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hexanucleotide Repeat ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansion ◽  
Als Patients ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract The hexanucleotide repeat expansion in intron 1 of the C9orf72 gene causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia. In addition to the effects of the pathogenic expansion, a role of intermediate-length alleles has been suggested in ALS, corticobasal degeneration and Parkinson’s disease. Due to the rarity of intermediate-length alleles with over 20 repeats and the geographical variability in their frequency, large studies that account for population stratification are needed to elucidate their effects. To this aim, we used repeat-primed PCR and confirmatory PCR assays to determine the C9orf72 repeat allele lengths in 705 ALS patients and 3958 controls from Finland. After exclusion of expansion carriers (25.5% of the ALS patients and 0.2% of the controls), we compared the frequency of intermediate-length allele carriers of 525 ALS cases and 3950 controls using several intermediate-length allele thresholds (7–45, 17–45, 21–45, 24–45 and 24–30). The carriership of an intermediate-length allele did not associate with ALS (Fisher’s test, all p ≥ 0.15) nor was there any association with survival (p ≥ 0.33), when we divided our control group into three age groups (18–65, 66–84 and 85–105 years). Carriership of two intermediate-length alleles was associated with ALS, when the longer allele was ≥ 17 repeats (p = 0.002, OR 5.32 95% CI 2.02–14.05) or ≥ 21 repeats (p = 0.00016, OR 15.21 95% CI 3.79–61.0). Our results show that intermediate-length alleles are a risk factor of ALS when present in both alleles, whereas carrying just one intermediate-length allele was not associated with ALS or survival.

scholarly journals LA HIPERTRIGLICERIDEMIA EN LA ENFERMEDAD CORONARIA ¿ES UN FACTOR DE RIESGO?

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Sonzini ◽  
O Corzo ◽  
F Alfonso ◽  
M Yorio
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Triglyceride Level ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
The Difference ◽  
De Medicina

La asociación entre hipertrigliceridemia y enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) es controvertida. Objetivo: establecer la  relación entre  el nivel  de triglicéridos  en pacientes con  enfermedad  coronaria, relacionar los valores elevados de triglicéridos con colesterol total, colesterol HDL, colesterol LDL,   sobrepeso   y obesidad en pacientes coronarios. Material  Y Métodos: Se evaluaron retrospectivamente pacientes  con y sin enfermedad coronaria demostrable que fueron asistidos en la consulta pública y privada  en la Cátedra de Medicina I Unidad Académica de Medicina Interna Nº 3 del Hospital Córdoba  y el Servicio de Cardiología de la Clínica Sucre de la ciudad de Córdoba, entre en 1 de enero y 31 de diciembre de 2009. Se consideró pacientes con enfermedad coronaria (casos) aquellos que tuvieron lesiones coronarias significativas las que mostraron una disminución de la luz arterial >50% `por medio de cinecoronariografía. (15)(16) y un grupo control sin enfermedad coronaria objetivable. . Se incluyeron pacientes  entre 30 y 60 años de edad que tuvieran historia clínica completa. Resultados: El número total de pacientes incluidos fue de 100 casos,  64 casos en el grupo de  pacientes coronarios y  36 en los no coronarios. 74% de sexo  masculino, predominancia masculina en pacientes coronarios y femenina en no coronarios.  68%  era mayor de 50 años.  Los valores del lipidograma   no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en pacientes no coronarios y coronarios Los valores promedio  de TG fueron levemente más elevados en el grupo de no coronarios, aunque no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,7162). Conclusión: La hipertrigliceridemia no fue mayor en los pacientes coronarios y no se relacionó con  el índice de masa corporal, en pacientes con sobrepeso y obesos.  Summary: Hypercholesterolemia is a well known risk factor for  coronary cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the role of triglycerides in CVD risk remains controversial. Objective: to study triglyceride level and its relationship with Cholesterol, HDL and LDL Cholesterol level, obesity and overweight in patients with and without CVD. Material and Methods: we retrospectively studied patients with and without CVD who attended to Córdoba Hospital  and Cardiology unit of Clínica Sucre  at Córdoba city between 1° January to 31 st of December of 2009. We included patients with age between 30 to 60 years old with CVD and a control group. Results: 100 patients were included, 64 with CVD and 36 as a control group. 74% were male and 68% older than 50 years old. Lipid values were not statistically significant in both groups. Triglyceride level was higher in the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant (p=0, 7162). Conclusion: Triglyceride level was not higher in patients with CVD.

scholarly journals The Microbiota Continuum along the Reproductive Tract in Women with Infertility

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
A. P. Godovalov ◽  
T. I. Karpunina
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
16S Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Library ◽  
Leading Position

Introduction. At present, the question of commensal, including opportunistic, microflora participation in  infertility development remains debatable. In a number of studies, the translocation of the vaginal microflora into the endometrial tissue is considered as a factor contributing to inflammation development. In addition, the connection of some reproductive losses with the persistence of certain conditionally pathogenic microorganisms is shown. Today, to solve this issue, molecular genetic research methods are being actively introduced that surpass the routine cultivation techniques in a number of positions.The aim of the study was to assess the taxonomic diversity of microorganisms in the vaginal biotope with infertility.Material and methods. For the study samples of vaginal contents obtained from the posterior vaginal fornix of 15 women, consisting of barren marriage, were used. A metagenomic study of 16S ribosomal RNA samples was carried out on the Illumina MiSeq platform, using the MiSeq Reagent Kits v3 kit (600-Cycle Kit), as recommended by the manufacturer. Libraries for sequencing plots of the V3-V4 gene of the 16S ribosomal RNA were prepared according to the 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation Illumina. In bioinformatics assessment, Kraken Metagenomics version 2.0.0 software for metagenomic analysis (classifier of reads — short nucleotide sequences) was used using a standard database.Results. It was shown that the occurrence of representatives of the Lactobacillaceae family in the vaginal biotope varies from 12 to 84%. The genus Lactobacillus with the dominance of L. jensenii, L. delbrueckii and L. amylolyticus occupied the leading position among the members of the family. In all samples, Moraxella spp. was found in large numbers, with M. osloensis leading among the representatives of the entire community. In half of the cases, the joint presence of M. osloensis and G. vaginalis was revealed.Conclusion. It has been established that in infertility in the vaginal microbiota the number of representatives of the genus Lactobacillus is significantly reduced, and there is also a change in the leading species to L. jensenii, whose functional activity does not fully ensure the colonization resistance of the vaginal biotope, allowing for excessive reproduction of oppotrunistic microorganisms, in particular, M. osloensis.

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