scholarly journals LA HIPERTRIGLICERIDEMIA EN LA ENFERMEDAD CORONARIA ¿ES UN FACTOR DE RIESGO?

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Sonzini ◽  
O Corzo ◽  
F Alfonso ◽  
M Yorio
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Triglyceride Level ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
The Difference ◽  
De Medicina

La asociación entre hipertrigliceridemia y enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) es controvertida. Objetivo: establecer la  relación entre  el nivel  de triglicéridos  en pacientes con  enfermedad  coronaria, relacionar los valores elevados de triglicéridos con colesterol total, colesterol HDL, colesterol LDL,   sobrepeso   y obesidad en pacientes coronarios. Material  Y Métodos: Se evaluaron retrospectivamente pacientes  con y sin enfermedad coronaria demostrable que fueron asistidos en la consulta pública y privada  en la Cátedra de Medicina I Unidad Académica de Medicina Interna Nº 3 del Hospital Córdoba  y el Servicio de Cardiología de la Clínica Sucre de la ciudad de Córdoba, entre en 1 de enero y 31 de diciembre de 2009. Se consideró pacientes con enfermedad coronaria (casos) aquellos que tuvieron lesiones coronarias significativas las que mostraron una disminución de la luz arterial >50% `por medio de cinecoronariografía. (15)(16) y un grupo control sin enfermedad coronaria objetivable. . Se incluyeron pacientes  entre 30 y 60 años de edad que tuvieran historia clínica completa. Resultados: El número total de pacientes incluidos fue de 100 casos,  64 casos en el grupo de  pacientes coronarios y  36 en los no coronarios. 74% de sexo  masculino, predominancia masculina en pacientes coronarios y femenina en no coronarios.  68%  era mayor de 50 años.  Los valores del lipidograma   no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en pacientes no coronarios y coronarios Los valores promedio  de TG fueron levemente más elevados en el grupo de no coronarios, aunque no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p=0,7162). Conclusión: La hipertrigliceridemia no fue mayor en los pacientes coronarios y no se relacionó con  el índice de masa corporal, en pacientes con sobrepeso y obesos.  Summary: Hypercholesterolemia is a well known risk factor for  coronary cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the role of triglycerides in CVD risk remains controversial. Objective: to study triglyceride level and its relationship with Cholesterol, HDL and LDL Cholesterol level, obesity and overweight in patients with and without CVD. Material and Methods: we retrospectively studied patients with and without CVD who attended to Córdoba Hospital  and Cardiology unit of Clínica Sucre  at Córdoba city between 1° January to 31 st of December of 2009. We included patients with age between 30 to 60 years old with CVD and a control group. Results: 100 patients were included, 64 with CVD and 36 as a control group. 74% were male and 68% older than 50 years old. Lipid values were not statistically significant in both groups. Triglyceride level was higher in the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant (p=0, 7162). Conclusion: Triglyceride level was not higher in patients with CVD.

scholarly journals Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ruiz-Canela ◽  
Estefania Toledo ◽  
Clary B Clish ◽  
Adela Hruby ◽  
Liming Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract BACKGROUND The role of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that baseline BCAA concentrations predict future risk of CVD and that a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention may counteract this effect. METHODS We developed a case-cohort study within the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED), with 226 incident CVD cases and 744 noncases. We used LC-MS/MS to measure plasma BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine, and valine), both at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up. The primary outcome was a composite of incident stroke, myocardial infarction, or cardiovascular death. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders, baseline leucine and isoleucine concentrations were associated with higher CVD risk: the hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest vs lowest quartile were 1.70 (95% CI, 1.05–2.76) and 2.09 (1.27–3.44), respectively. Stronger associations were found for stroke. For both CVD and stroke, we found higher HRs across successive quartiles of BCAAs in the control group than in the MedDiet groups. With stroke as the outcome, a significant interaction (P = 0.009) between baseline BCAA score and intervention with MedDiet was observed. No significant effect of the intervention on 1-year changes in BCAAs or any association between 1-year changes in BCAAs and CVD were observed. CONCLUSIONS Higher concentrations of baseline BCAAs were associated with increased risk of CVD, especially stroke, in a high cardiovascular risk population. A Mediterranean-style diet had a negligible effect on 1-year changes in BCAAs, but it may counteract the harmful effects of BCAAs on stroke.

scholarly journals Dyslipidemia: Current Perspectives and Implications for Clinical Practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Klobučar Majanović ◽  
Olga Cvijanović Peloza ◽  
Dijana Detel ◽  
Gordana Kenđel Jovanović ◽  
Miro Bakula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lipid Abnormalities ◽  
Current Guidelines

Dyslipidemia refers to a broad spectrum of various genetic and acquired disorders that affect blood lipid levels and largely contribute to global cardiovascular disease burden. Consistent evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies, supports the key role of the circulating LDL-cholesterol and other apoB containing lipoproteins in atherogenesis. All ApoB-containing lipoproteins with size less than 70 nm can cross the endothelial barrier, particularly in the presence of endothelial dysfunction. Uptake and accumulation of apoB-containing lipoproteins in the arterial wall is a critical initiating event in the development of atherosclerosis. Statin treatment, targeting LDL cholesterol reduction, remains the cornerstone of dyslipidemia management. There are abundant data supporting the concept of ‘the lower LDL-C, the better’ in the primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention. This chapter provides an overview of the key insights into the lipid abnormalities associated with an increased risk of CV events particulary in the context of dyslipidemia management in everyday clinical practice. Understanding the important role that metabolic derangements play in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis pave the way for stronger implementation of current guidelines for CVD risk assessment and prevention.

Abstract 13354: Effectiveness of a Complex Intervention Based on Electronic Decision Support to Improve Management of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Primary Healthcare: A Cluster-randomised Controlled Trial

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Webster ◽  
Tim Usherwood ◽  
Rohina Joshi ◽  
Bandana Saini ◽  
Carol Armour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Complex Intervention ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Electronic Decision Support

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk management is suboptimal in Australian primary healthcare. Following trials demonstrating efficacy of individual components, we developed a complex intervention comprised primarily of electronic point-of-care decision support, availability of cardiovascular polypills and a pharmacy-based adherence program. We sought to determine whether this combined multifaceted intervention, compared with usual care, would improve control of CVD risk factors in the Australian primary care setting. Methods and Results: In a parallel-arm cluster randomized trial, 71 general practices were allocated 1:1 either to the intervention or usual care. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients at high CVD risk and not on optimal preventive treatments at baseline (“high-risk under-treated”) achieving both blood pressure (BP) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol targets at study end (BP ≤140/90 mmHg, or ≤130/80 mmHg in people with diabetes or albuminuria; LDL <2.0 mmol/L). All outcomes were evaluated using automated extracts from the electronic medical record. After a median period of 15 months follow-up, among 4477 high-risk under-treated patients in whom follow-up data were available, there was a negligible difference between randomized groups in the proportion achieving SBP and LDL cholesterol targets (19.6% vs. 20.1%; RR 1.06 [95% CI: 0.85 to 1.32]; p=0.59). There was also no major impact of the intervention on any pre-specified secondary outcomes, mostly relating to risk factor screening, preventive medication prescription and risk factor levels. Uptake of all components of the intervention was poor, with greatest use observed for the electronic decision support component (used at least once in 10.7% of high-risk under-treated patients) and minimal use of the other two interventions. Conclusions: Despite the proven efficacy of individual components, this complex multifaceted intervention was poorly adopted and did not lead to relevant improvements in cardiovascular risk factor outcomes.

scholarly journals Reconstitution in Proteoliposomes of the Recombinant Human Riboflavin Transporter 2 (SLC52A2) Overexpressed in E. coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Console ◽  
Maria Tolomeo ◽  
Matilde Colella ◽  
Maria Barile ◽  
Cesare Indiveri
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Native Protein ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Riboflavin Transport

Background: the SLC52A2 gene encodes for the riboflavin transporter 2 (RFVT2). This transporter is ubiquitously expressed. It mediates the transport of Riboflavin across cell membranes. Riboflavin plays a crucial role in cells since its biologically active forms, FMN and FAD, are essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. Mutation of the Riboflavin transporters is a risk factor for anemia, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration. Inborn mutations of SLC52A2 are associated with Brown-Vialetto-van Laere syndrome, a rare neurological disorder characterized by infancy onset. In spite of the important metabolic and physio/pathological role of this transporter few data are available on its function and regulation. Methods: the human recombinant RFVT2 has been overexpressed in E. coli, purified and reconstituted into proteoliposomes in order to characterize its activity following the [3H]Riboflavin transport. Results: the recombinant hRFVT2 showed a Km of 0.26 ± 0.07 µM and was inhibited by lumiflavin, FMN and Mg2+. The Riboflavin uptake was also regulated by Ca2+. The native protein extracted from fibroblast and reconstituted in proteoliposomes also showed inhibition by FMN and lumiflavin. Conclusions: proteoliposomes represent a suitable model to assay the RFVT2 function. It will be useful for screening the mutation of RFVT2.

scholarly journals The epigenetic etiology of cardiovascular disease in a longitudinal Swedish twin study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Qin ◽  
Ida K. Karlsson ◽  
Yunzhang Wang ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Nancy Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Latent Trajectory ◽  
Lagged Effects ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Cardiometabolic Traits

Abstract Background Studies on DNA methylation have the potential to discover mechanisms of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the role of DNA methylation in CVD etiology remains unclear. Results We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) on CVD in a longitudinal sample of Swedish twins (535 individuals). We selected CpGs reaching the Bonferroni-corrected significance level (2 $$\times$$ ×  10–7) or the top-ranked 20 CpGs with the lowest P values if they did not reach this significance level in EWAS analysis associated with non-stroke CVD, overall stroke, and ischemic stroke, respectively. We further applied a bivariate autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals (ALT-SR) to evaluate the cross-lagged effect between DNA methylation of these CpGs and cardiometabolic traits (blood lipids, blood pressure, and body mass index). Furthermore, mediation analysis was performed to evaluate whether the cross-lagged effects had causal impacts on CVD. In the EWAS models, none of the CpGs we selected reached the Bonferroni-corrected significance level. The ALT-SR model showed that DNA methylation levels were more likely to predict the subsequent level of cardiometabolic traits rather than the other way around (numbers of significant cross-lagged paths of methylation → trait/trait → methylation were 84/4, 45/6, 66/1 for the identified three CpG sets, respectively). Finally, we demonstrated significant indirect effects from DNA methylation on CVD mediated by cardiometabolic traits. Conclusions We present evidence for a directional association from DNA methylation on cardiometabolic traits and CVD, rather than the opposite, highlighting the role of epigenetics in CVD development.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Bears and Other Gay Men: A Descriptive Study from Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1044
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mijas ◽  
Karolina Koziara ◽  
Andrzej Galbarczyk ◽  
Grazyna Jasienska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Wide Range

A risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased by multiple factors including psychosocial stress and health behaviors. Sexual minority men who identify as Bears form a subculture distinguished by characteristics associated with increased CVD risk such as elevated stress and high body weight. However, none of the previous studies comprehensively investigated CVD risk in this population. Our study compared Bears (N = 31) with other gay men (N = 105) across a wide range of CVD risk factors. Logistic regression and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models were performed to compare both groups concerning behavioral (e.g., physical activity), medical (e.g., self-reported hypertension), and psychosocial (e.g., depressiveness) CVD risk factors. Bears were characterized by older age and higher body mass index (BMI) than the control group. We also observed higher resilience, self-esteem, as well as greater prevalence of self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in Bears. None of these differences remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and, in the case of self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, both age and BMI. Our study demonstrates that Bears are characterized by increased CVD risk associated predominantly with older age and higher BMI. Health promotion interventions addressed to this community should be tailored to Bears’ subcultural norms and should encourage a healthier lifestyle instead of weight loss.

scholarly journals Effects of BMI and LDL-cholesterol change pattern on cardiovascular disease in normal adults and diabetics

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001340
Author(s):  
Tae Mi Youk ◽  
Min Jin Kang ◽  
Sun Ok Song ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Change Pattern ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Variability Model

IntroductionTo examine how the risk of cardiovascular disease changes according to degree of change in body mass index (BMI) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol in patients with diabetes using the health medical examination cohort database of the National Health Insurance Service in Korea. In comparison, the pattern in a non-diabetic control group was also examined.Research design and methodsThe study samples were 13 800 patients with type 2 diabetes and 185 898 non-diabetic controls, and their baseline characteristics and repeatedly measured BMI and LDL-cholesterol until occurrence of cardiovascular disease were collected in longitudinal data. We used the variability model that is joint of mixed effects and regression model, then estimated parameters about variability by Bayesian methods.ResultsThe risk of cardiovascular disease was increased significantly with high average real variability (ARV) of BMI in the patients with diabetes, but the risk of cardiovascular disease was not increased according to degree of ARV in non-diabetic controls. The Bayesian variability model was used to analyze the effects of BMI and LDL-cholesterol change pattern on development of cardiovascular disease in diabetics, showing that variability did not have a statistically significant effect on cardiovascular disease. This shows the danger of the former simple method when interpreting only the mean of the absolute value of the variation.ConclusionsThe approach of simple SD in previous studies for estimation of individual variability does not consider the order of observation. However, the Bayesian method used in this study allows for flexible modeling by superimposing volatility assessments on multistage models.

scholarly journals Anxiety as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of depression: A narrative review of current status and conflicting findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510292098746
Author(s):  
Håvard R Karlsen ◽  
Florian Matejschek ◽  
Ingvild Saksvik-Lehouillier ◽  
Eva Langvik
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Evidential Support ◽  
Meta Analyses

The aim of this paper is to summarise and evaluate the empirical support for the association between anxiety and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to address challenges related to method and study design. We review results from meta-analyses and more recent findings on the association of anxiety and the risk of CVD. Depression and anxiety are often listed as psychosocial risk markers of CVD, but the role of anxiety as a risk factor for CVD has not received the same evidential support as the effects of depression. Through a narrative review we identified six meta-analyses as well as 15 recent large studies of anxiety and CVD that we summarise. Some of the conflicting findings may be artefacts of study design or population the sample is drawn from. Researchers should take care to be population specific, measurement specific and outcome specific, and to control for comorbid depression.

scholarly journals The Role of P53 in Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Peter Michael Reil ◽  
Teodor Traian Maghiar ◽  
Karlheinz Seidl ◽  
Claudia Teodora Judea Pusta ◽  
Ciprian Borza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Septic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Septic cardiomyopathy remains a difficult medical problem to manage in critically ill patients. With all currently available therapeutic options, the mortality rate in these patients remains high. Our study included 29 patients diagnosed clinically with sepsis. A control group was used to compare the results. In all patients, p53 expression was assessed in cardiac tissue obtained from these patients and a statistical correlation was made with clinical data. The different expression rates of p53 do not correlate with patient’s age, having appropriate means in years, but with an increasing tendency with increasing expression (p=0.2110). The pulmonary infections are responsible for the majority of the septic state in the study group (over 55%). The difference between the infection sites is statistically significant (p<0.0001).

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