scholarly journals Transformation of the public administration system in the digital economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-303
Author(s):  
Maria Egorova ◽  
Vladislav V. Grib ◽  
Lela Chkhutiashvili ◽  
Vitaliy Slepak
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Right

Digitalization is an objective and inevitable process, which is impossible to halt. The development of the digital economy should allow the Russian economy to integrate into the global context and legal aspects of this process need to be analysed. This paper aims to to study the influence of digitalization on public administration (especially in economic sectors) in Russia, to outline new requirements to public administration in digital era as well as to analyze new challenges caused by implementation of technical decision within global process of digitalization. The program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” dictates new requirements for the system of public administration. But despite the fact that the implementation of the Program requires serious simplification in the interaction of market operators and the state, interdepartmental interaction, it does not fully respond to the challenges of digital transformation of the public administration system. It should lead to a radical change in the approaches to the organization of the work of public authorities through the digitalization, reducing the “bureaucratic burden” when issuing electronic documents. It deals with the formation of conditions ensuring the development of information technologies and effective interaction of a state and business, which covers legal regulation, information infrastructure, personnel and information security, etc. As a result the authors came to conclusion that now it is not a primary task to set out new electronic systems in new fields as much as to improve already existing systems and the system of public administration itself in order to duly adapt it to new digital environments that was established. It is necessary to establish the limits for implementation of various electronic systems to ensure the proper protection of fundamental rights (for example, the right to the protection of personal data, the right to privacy, etc.) as well as to set up some limits for automated individual decision-making.

scholarly journals The right to information about the activities of public authorities: certain theoretical and legal aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Alla IVANOVSKA ◽  
Olena HALUS ◽  
Iryna RYZHUK
Keyword(s):  
Active Form ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Right To Information ◽  
The Right

It is found that the right to information about the activities of public authorities is linked to the more general constitutional right of everyone to freely collect, store and disseminate information in any lawful manner. The analyzed law is subject to international and domestic rules governing the right of access to information in general. At the same time, this right is regulated in great detail by special regulations that establish additional guarantees. An important guarantee that ensures the realization of the right of citizens to information about the activities of public authorities is the principle of transparency, which applies in many democracies around the world. The principle of transparency is manifested, firstly, in the fact that public authorities are obliged to inform the public about their activities, and secondly, every member of society has the appropriate right to receive such information, and the level of access to information about activities of public authorities is very important. Forms of exercising the right to information about the activities of public authorities, taking into account the peculiarities of legal regulation, are divided into passive and active. The passive form presupposes that the citizen himself gets acquainted with the information about the activity of the public authority, which duty is to make it public. An active form of exercising this right involves direct appeals of citizens or their groups to public authorities with requests to provide relevant information. It is concluded that ensuring the exercise of the right to information about the activities of public authorities is the key to building a democratic state governed by the rule of law and relies on public authorities, which are obliged to create all conditions for public participation in the adoption of legal acts by these bodies and to provide adequate access to complete and objective information about their activities.

scholarly journals Human rights and women's reproductive health in the countries of Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-178
Author(s):  
Gular A. Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Special Scientific ◽  
The Right ◽  
Latin American Countries

The problem of induced termination of pregnancy has been a burning issue for mankind for centuries. An analysis of doctrine and legislation demonstrates that there is no consensus on this issue. The problem of induced termination of pregnancy is defined by ethical, religious, medical, social and legal aspects, which is also associated with the uncertainty of the legal status of the embryo. The aim of the study is to analyze the legislation of Latin American countries regarding the legal regulation of abortion, in order to verify its compliance with the fundamental rights - the right to life, the right to health and the right to inviolability. Special scientific methods were used in the research: comparative law, legal and technical methods. The relevance of the problem stems from the need to solve the controversial issue of legalization of artificial termination of pregnancy. The existence of disagreement lies in the lack of a unified approach in seeking to resolve this situation.

scholarly journals Digital economy as a component of development of public administration system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Blishchuk ◽  
O. Domsha
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
Information And Communication

Problem setting. Digital economy should be considered as the new phenomenon, which was formed under the influence of progressive changes in technology and is a system of economic relations based on the usage of digital media means of information transmission. The development of the digital economy requires new approaches, methods and tools of building the system of public administration, which has significantly evolved under the influence of democratic transformations and the development of civil society. Therefore, nowadays there is a demand for understanding the essence of the digital economy in society as an objective reality that is confidently evolving, as well as for finding further ways to its development as a part of the system of public administration. Recent research and publications analysis. Issues of digitalization and digital economy are raised in the publications of such researchers as V. Apalkova, N. Dieieva, A. Dobrynin, S. Vereteniuk, H. Karcheva, V. Kuibida, S. Koliadenko, N. Kraus, D. Laion, V. Liashenko, A. Maslov, K. Semiachkov and others. The use of information and communication technologies in the field of public administration is revealed in the works of such scientists as O. Bernaziuk, N. Hrytsiak, N. Drahomyretska, O. Yemelianenko, T. Kaminska, A. Kaminskyi, O. Kachnyi, S. Kutsenko, I. Lopushynskyi, V. Nikolaiev, V. Pysarenko, A. Semenchenko, S. Chukut and others. However, there is the necessity for comprehensive research on the transformational changes connected to the digitalization of economic processes in the society. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The aim of the article is to substantiate the directions of the digital economy development as a component of the public administration system based on the study of the features of the category “digital economy”, analysis of the problems related to the functioning of the digital economy in modern society. Paper main body. The digital economy is the important basis for the functioning of the information society on the basis of information and communication technologies, according to that it can be attributed to the priorities of the public administration system development. The author’s definition of the digital economy from the position of a component of the public administration system as a complex model of interaction of economic and managerial entities operating on the basis of widespread use of information and communication technologies to meet the needs of the population and increase the efficiency of the public sector. The development of the digital economy and digital technologies is important for the public sector, taking into account the services received by both businesses and citizens of the country. The most common digital services available in the world today are registration of the new business, applying for a business license, applying for a birth certificate, and paying for utilities. The main factors that hinder the spread of digital services are the low level of financing for technological development and cyber security, the presence of software piracy, insufficient protection of intellectual property rights, insufficient number of mobile broadband subscribers, significant investment risks, undeveloped financial and banking services. Ukraine’s strengths contributing to the development of the digital economy are high-quality training of IT professionals, their ability to work with large data sets, e-democracy, sufficient speed of Internet connections and the implementation of investment projects in the field of telecommunications. This gives grounds to assert the significant opportunities of the Ukrainian state to develop the digital economy in the future. The government together with business have to take the following steps to overcome the problem of developing the digital economy: to develop the infrastructure for mobile Internet, Internet of things, cloud technologies and cyber security, i.e. “solid” infrastructure; to create full-fledged conditions for e-commerce and e-business; to form “soft” infrastructure aimed at data openness, identification and trust of citizens, the improvement of public services, etc .; to provide digital transformation projects through their implementation at the regional and national levels; to provide the population with information about possible risks from the total digitalization of the economy; to ensure technological and consulting support in the field of using secure information and communication systems. The development of the digital economy is an objective reality nowadays, taking into account the rapid progress in the field of technological and innovative support of all spheres of society. Digitalization will reduce the cost of paper money transactions, reduce corruption by providing most transactions electronically, facilitate access to most public administration services, and increase the efficiency of the economy on the whole. Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The digital economy as a component of public administration system is the complex concept that involves the digitalization of public services and the development of the public sector through the active introduction of digital products in all spheres of the society. Considering the potential of Ukraine, its strengths and global trends that objectively affect the Ukrainian state, we can predict that the development of the digital economy will transform domestic industries and reformat them according to the needs and demands of the population.

scholarly journals The Implementation of State Policy of Power Cleaning in the Conditions of Political Transformation: Experience of Ukraine and Countries of Central and Eastern Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-421
Author(s):  
Valentyna Goshovska ◽  
Volodymyr Goshovskyi ◽  
Liudmyla Dubchak
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range

The article analyzes the problems of realization of the state policy of power cleaning in the countries of Central-Eastern Europe (Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Baltic countries), and in particular in Ukraine. It has been found that in various countries this step in the public administration was taken since the fall of the communist regime. However, everywhere it was carried out by its own rules. The attention is drawn to the fact that the power cleaning through lustration should be ensured in the light of a wide range of threats that pertain to the human rights sphere and the principle of the presumption of innocence. This was relevant for every state that embarked on the path of transformational change to the implementation of a state policy of power cleaning. None of the countries that have taken such a political step in the public administration system went this route easily (there were both claims to the laws with subsequent legislative initiatives to amend them, and suits to courts of various instances to restore human and citizen’s rights and freedoms). However, there were also positive consequences, which resulted in the cleaning of the authorities of the respective countries from the influences of interested pro-communist political forces, which hindered democratic transformations in the states. Regarding the characteristics of the state policy of power cleaning by lustration in Ukraine, which began only in 2014, we drew attention to the fact that it had a different meaning: it was not aimed at combating the communist past, but at overthrowing the current political regime of “Yanukovych times”. There were some problems, which reflected the emergence of relevant issues in such events of the public administration system, which caused criticism from a number of external international human rights organizations (for example, the Venice Commission), and led to massive claims to courts of various instances aimed to restore of claimants' rights. Also the article draws attention to the fact that lustration, as a mechanism of power cleaning, is an appropriate political step on the way to democratization of society and overcoming the negative consequences of the activity of undemocratic political regimes. However, its implementation requires a prudent approach to defining the principles of legal regulation, the establishment of appropriate institutions to ensure the implementation of lustration and guaranteeing the protection of human and citizen's rights and freedoms from political persecution.  Keywords: sustainable development, public policy, cleaning of power, lustration, protection of human and citizen's rights and freedoms.

REFORMING THE PUBLIC GOVERNANCE SYSTEM IN UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoryana Buryk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
The State ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Administration Reform

The article considers the theoretical and methodological foundations of reforming the public administration system in Ukraine. This issue does not lose its relevance, because, under the constant influence of various factors (economic, political, social), this area is constantly in a dynamic state, changing and modernizing. It is determined that public administration should be understood as a type of activity related to the management of state affairs. It was found that public administration includes mechanisms for managing human, financial, material resources, communication and information systems, as well as management related to the provision of public services. It is noted that it is important to constantly modernize the mechanisms of public administration in order to build the most effective interaction between the state and society and achieve a balance of interests. The basic principles on which the reform of the public administration system is based and which are the vectors of public administration development in modern conditions are considered. It is proved that the main purpose of public administration reform is to strengthen the managerial and administrative capacity of the state apparatus, which will contribute to the sustainable development of Ukraine. In order to achieve this goal, a number of key areas of reforming the public administration system are substantiated, in particular, improving the functions of the state, civil service, regulatory support, financial support and public administration processes. It is determined that the implementation of public administration reform measures should significantly improve the quality of policy development and its tools, increase the effectiveness of implementation, as well as ensure appropriate monitoring and evaluation of the process of achieving policy goals and expected results.

DIGITALIZATION DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AS A FACTOR DETERMINING THE IMPROVEMENT OF TAX ADMINISTRATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
V. I. BRATTSEV ◽  
◽  
A. M. GRISHANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
Tax Regulation

The article reflects the main directions of forming a new regulatory environment for relations arising with the development of the digital economy, including in the field of tax regulation. Today, in order to perform their main functions, including ensuring a high level of cash receipts to the budget system, one of the key areas of work for tax authorities is not just adapting to changes caused by the development of the digital economy, but directly managing the processes of digitalization. The authors researched the impact of the digitalization process in Germany on the transformation of the approach to public administration, which aims to expand the digital infrastructure, both in the public and private sectors. The main factors that have had a significant impact on the formation of legal regulation in Germany in the context of the development of the digital economy, including in the field of taxation, are considered. Among key findings of the research we should mention formulation of practical recommendations for institu-tional improvement of tax regulation in Russia, developed on the basis of rethinking the experience of Ger-many in managing relevant changes.

DIRECTIONS FOR PROVISION OF PUBLIC BODIES’ TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN CONDITIONS OF PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Olga Mykhailоvna Ivanitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Main Task ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Governance ◽  
Legislative Initiative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

The article is devoted to issues of ensuring transparency and ac- countability of authorities in the conditions of participatory democracy (democ- racy of participation). It is argued that the public should be guaranteed not only the right for access to information but also the prerequisites for expanding its par- ticipation in state governance. These prerequisites include: the adoption of clearly measurable macroeconomic and social goals and the provision of control of the processes of their compliance with the government by citizens of the country; ex- tension of the circle of subjects of legislative initiative due to realization of such rights by citizens and their groups; legislative definition of the forms of citizens’ participation in making publicly significant decisions, design of relevant orders and procedures, in particular participation in local referendum; outlining methods and procedures for taking into account social thought when making socially im- portant decisions. The need to disclose information about resources that are used by authorities to realize the goals is proved as well as key performance indicators that can be monitored by every citizen; the efforts made by governments of coun- tries to achieve these goals. It was noted that transparency in the conditions of representative democracy in its worst forms in a society where ignorance of the thought of society and its individual members is ignored does not in fact fulfill its main task — to establish an effective dialogue between the authorities and so- ciety. There is a distortion of the essence of transparency: instead of being heard, society is being asked to be informed — and passively accept the facts presented as due. In fact, transparency and accountability in this case are not instruments for the achievement of democracy in public administration, but by the form of a tacit agreement between the subjects of power and people, where the latter passes the participation of an “informed observer”.

IDENTIFY PROBLEM ISSUES OF SELF-ORDERED DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 250-259
Author(s):  
Igor Yurievich Rodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
State Power ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Object Interaction ◽  
Interaction System ◽  
Power Hierarchy

The problematic issues of the development of self-ordering mechanisms in the public administration system are determined, with observance of their division into institutional, functional and evolutionary parts. The institutional part includes self-regulation mechanisms implemented in the models of subject-subject interaction at the levels of higher, central and local government bodies, as well as in models of object-object interaction between them. The most important in the institutional part of self-governing mechanisms are those that ensure: the separation of powers between branches of government; administrative reform of the government structure; separation of public spheres of government between central government bodies; administrative reform of the structure of central executive bodies; delimitation of territorial spheres of government between local authorities; administrative-territorial reform; formation and implementation of the structure of the power hierarchy; administrative reform of the structure of the power hierarchy. The functional part includes the mechanisms of self-regulation, realized in the model of object-object interaction “system of state power — social sphere, industry and relations”. The most important parts of the mechanisms of self-regulation are those that ensure: the formation and implementation of state policies in various spheres of society; formation and implementation of national projects; formation and implementation of state target programs; state budgeting. The evolutionary part includes the mechanisms of self-regulation, realized in the model of object-object interaction “system of state power — the creation of conditions for social development”. The most important parts of the evolutionary part of self-governing mechanisms are those that provide: strategic management and planning; realization of state programs of social and economic development; conducting constant economic and social reforms and transformations.

RETHINKING MODEL BISNIS PEMERINTAH DESA: KASUS PADA BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Muhammad Husnul Maab ◽  
Shadu S. Wijaya ◽  
Zaula Rizqi Atika ◽  
Denok Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Social Business ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sector Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

The emergence of rural community owned enterprises khown as BUMDes has been in line with evolution of public administration pradigm, from OPA to NPM who implemented in local government. Local potency development becomes a substantial aspect to improving local competitiveness. Hence, BUMDes formation is one of the models financial capacity to develop local potency in rural level. The aim is comparing traditional and public enterprise based management in local potency management. The results show that there is a fundamental difference in the management of local potency in rural level. Consequently, We argue that has been on the right track, the evolution of the government business model to the public enterprise for the management of local potency in rural level. Evolution of BUMDes is from a bureaucratic to the business sector model, but as a social business not profit maximizing businesses.

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