scholarly journals Interferencja rosyjsko-cerkiewnosłowiańska w tekstach staroobrzędowych z XIX–XX wieku

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-388
Author(s):  
Helena Pociechina
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Church Life ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Book Of Hours ◽  
Everyday Reality ◽  
The Church

Until today, the Russian of Old Believers’ prints and manuscripts has not been subject to research in linguistic studies. The written language under investigation here, as seen in hand-written notebooks or books printed illegally, is based on the urban variant of the Russian colloquial language. Old Church Slavonic elements are prominent in the analyzed texts, which might be the result of teaching the skills of reading and writing from Old Church Slavonic primers (azbukas) and from the Church Slavonic Psalter and Horologion (Book of Hours). This feature of the analyzed texts refers not only to paraliturgical scripts (used to pray at home) but also to polemic and didactic writings, as well as texts aimed to be read aloud or sung, such as spiritual poems. Fragments of texts in Old Church Slavonic are mainly quotations or reminiscences from the Holy Scripture and writings of the Church Fathers, taken from early polemic texts. The fragments also refer to the everyday reality of the Orthodox Church life. The paper presents analyses of texts such as: “Wiecznaja Pravda” by Avvakum Komissarov, Sinodik, Skitskoje pokajanije, Czin ispowiedaniju, as well as calendars and spiritual guides.

Daily Routine, Food and Faith. To Yu.F. Samarin’s Thesis on “Formalism” of the Church Life in the Pre-Petrine Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 268-279
Author(s):  
Abbot Vitaly Utkin
Keyword(s):  
Daily Routine ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Political Aspect ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Church Life ◽  
The Church

With reference to Yu. F. Samarin’s thesis on “Formalism” of the Church Life in the Pre-Petrine Period, the article examines the issue of the role of fasts, eating patterns and daily routine in general among most radical groups of Old Believers. The author of the article draws the conclusion that such conceptions were rooted in the Pre-Nikon Russian religious (monkish) traditions. The author pays special attention to the social and political aspect of the connection between food and payer for the Tsar in the context of the “spiritual Antichrist” teaching.

Penerimaan Gereja Orthodox Tewahedo Terhadap 81 Kitab

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Oktavia Kristika Sari
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
God's Word ◽  
History Of ◽  
Worth Reading ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Church ◽  
Church Tradition

When the Church recognizes the quantity of books as part of God's Word, it uses various standards for book collection. The Tewahedo Orthodox Church, which has 81 books, is one of the churches that got so many. The question of why this Church accepts so many books in its canon and how this Church interprets these books adds to the intricacy of the problem of the number of books in the Tewahedo Orthodox Church tradition. This research employs a content analysis to conduct a literature review. This research demonstrates the Tewahedo Orthodox Church's devotion to the works in its canon. Both in terms of apostles' and Church Fathers' traditions, the lengthy history of Social Culture, Councils and Synods, and the impact of ancient literature in Ethiopia.Although it is well known that writings outside the Hebrew protocanon are employed for ceremonial theology and people's education rather than construction, the Orthodox Tewahedo also believes these works to be vital as books worth reading and historical bridges. Abstrak indonesia  Standar pengumpulan kitab yang digunakan oleh Gereja ketika menerima jumlah kitab-kitab sebagai bagian dari Alkitab yang dipegang menggunakan standar yang berbeda-beda. Salah satu gereja yang menerima begitu banyak kitab adalah Gereja Tewahedo Orthodox yang memiliki 81 kitab. Kompleksnya masalah jumlah kitab di dalam tradisi Gereja Tewahedo Orthodox ini, menjadi pertanyaan apa yang menyebabkan Gereja ini menerima begitu banyak kitab dalam kanonnya dan bagaimana Gereja ini memandang kitab-kitab tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Kajian Kepustakaan berupa kajian isi. Dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan kompleksitas penerimaan Gereja Tewahedo Orthodox terhadap kitab-kitab dalam kanonnya. Baik karena pengaruh tradisi rasul-rasul dan Bapa Gereja, sejarah panjang dalam Social Budaya dan Konsili serta Sinode, maupun juga pengaruh dari Literatur kuno di Ethiopia. Dan diketahui bahwa kitab-kitab diluar protokanon Ibrani tidak digunakan dalam membangun doktrin namun digunakan untuk ritual-ritual dan pengajaran umat, Tewahedo Orthodox juga meganggap penting kitab-kitab ini sebagai kitab-kitab yang layak dibaca dan digunakan sebagai jembatan sejarah.

scholarly journals Everyday Life of the Russian Nuns in the Holy Land at the Time of Changes in the Middle East, 1940s–1950s

2021 ◽  
pp. 190-200
Author(s):  
N.A. Beliakova
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

This study aims at providing an overview of the everyday life of Russian nuns in Palestine after World War II. This research encompassed the following tasks: to analyze the range of ego-documents available today, characterizing the everyday life and internal motivation of women in choosing the church jurisdiction; to identify, on the basis of written sources, the most active supporters of the Moscow Patriarchate to examine the nuns’ activity as information agents of the Russian Orthodox Church and Soviet government; to characterize the actors influencing the everyday life of the Russian nuns in the context of the creation of the state of Israel and new borders dividing the Holy Land; to present the motives and instruments of influence employed by the representatives of both secu-lar and church diplomacies in respect to the women leading a monastic life; to describe consequences of including the nuns into the sphere of interest of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR; to show the specific role of “Russian women” in the context of the struggle for securing positions of the USSR and the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in the region. The sources for the study were prodused by the state (correspondence between the state authorities, meeting notes) and from the religious actors (letters of nuns to the church authorities, reports of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission, memoirs of the clergy). By combining the methods of micro-history and history of the everyday life with the political history of the Cold War, the study examines the agency of the nuns — a category of women traditionally unnoticeable in the political history. Due to the specificity of the sources, the study focuses exclusively on a group of the nuns of the Holy Land who came under the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patri-archate. The majority of the Russian-speaking population of Palestine in the mid-1940s were women in the status of monastic residents (nuns and novices) and pilgrims, and in the 1940s–1950s, they were drawn into the geopolitical combinations of the Soviet Union. The Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem, staffed with representatives of the Russian Orthodox Church, becomes a key institution of influence in the region. This article shows how elderly nuns became an object of close attention and even funding by the Soviet state. The everyday life of the nuns became directly dependent on the activities of the Soviet agencies and Soviet-Israeli relations after the arri-val of the Soviet state representatives. At the same time, the nuns became key participants in the inter-jurisdictional conflicts and began to act as agents of influence in the region. The study analyzes numerous ego-documents created by the nuns themselves from the collection of the Council on the Affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church under the USSR Council of Ministers. The study shows how nuns positioned themselves as leading a monastic life in the written correspondence with the ROC authorities and staff of the Soviet MFA. The instances of influence of different secular authorities on the development of the female monasticism presented here point to promising research avenues for future reconstruction of the history of women in the Holy Land based on archival materials from state departments, alternative sources should also be found. The study focused on the life of elderly Russian nuns in the Holy Land and showed their activity in the context of the geopolitical transformations in the Near East in the 1940s–1950s.

Childless Women in Georgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
Elene Gavashelishvili
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Childless Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Problematic Situations ◽  
The Church

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is gradually becoming available in Georgia, but while the medical technologies are being developed, the Georgian Orthodox Church opposes the idea of having a child through what it declares to be unnatural ways. Despite the authority of the Church, the Orthodox discourse about IVF is not directly incorporated into the everyday lives of people. Ethnographical observation has allowed an exploration of how childless women in Georgia reconcile modern reproductive technologies with their religion. In order to explain the hybridity in women’s attempts to make official religiosity better adapted to everyday life, I use the concept of bricolage as applied to the social practices of women who assemble different, seemingly disjointed, resources in coping with problematic situations.

scholarly journals Fates of priests of Russian Orthodox Church of Old-Believers in the ancient centres of Starodub and Vietka in 1920s-1960s

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Marina V. Kochergina
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church

The article is devoted to the difficult fate of the old believers' priests of the Russian Orthodox Church of Old Believers in the period of Stalin's repression, the events on the World War II East Front and the postwar period, associated with a new oppression against the Church. The author restores the fate of old believers' priests from the ancient centres of Starodub and Vietka, who managed to preserve, despite the repression by the Soviet authorities, the faith of their ancestors, to show selflessness in relation to their flock, love for the Motherland, patriotism. The analysis of published biographies of old believers' priests of the Russian Orthodox Church of Old Believers, the memories of old believers themselves, recorded by the author, allow tracing the difficult way of restoring the spiritual life of old believer communities of Starodub and Vietka in this period, to show the regional aspects of the activity of old believers' priests in the field of state-confessional relations, their interaction with members of communities.

scholarly journals Intra-Church processes during the implementation of parish reform in the 1st half of the 1960s

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Zinchuk
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Nikita Khrushchev ◽  
Church Life ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Church

The author describes in the article some important components and features of Church life in the period initiated by Nikita Khrushchev and known as the parish reform, which, among other things, was aimed at undermining the fi nancial base of the Russian Orthodox Church (hereinafter referred to as the Church) in the USSR. It is noted that Stalin's post-war system of state-Church relations had a serious defect in the form of ineffective legal consolidation: in addition, after the end of the World War II, the question if the Soviet power praised Orthodoxy and other religions stood no longer disappeared. All this allowed Stalin's successors carrying out a number of serious measures aimed at weakening the Church. Khrushchev's religious policy differed from the persecution of the 1920s-1930s, because it included measures aimed at indirect destruction of Orthodoxy, primarily through administrative pressure on the clergy and laity. The parish reform, aimed at depriving deans of fi nancial powers and handing them over to churchwardens, appointed, in fact, by local authorities, which allowed to ruin churches and monasteries with compliance with the formalities of the regime's toleration, can be considered to be a typical manifestation of that trend.

scholarly journals “MESSAGE” BY I. GERASIMOV: PEASANT APOLOGY OF SPASOVO DENOMINATION IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
ARTEM V. KRESTYANINOV ◽  
◽  
ANDREY U. MIKHAILOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Church

The article presents a message of the Old Believers’ Spasovo denomination by a peasant Ivan Gerasimov from the Kazan Province. The document is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The approximate date of writing this text refers to the time interval between June 15, 1849 and June 10, 1850. The appearance of the “message” was caused by the reaction of I. Gerasimov to the initiation of an investigative case against him with apostasy of schism. Like most representatives of the Spasovo denomination (“glukhoy netovshchiny” or “starospasovtsev”), he was baptized in the Orthodox Church. However, like other old believers, I. Gerasimov denied the existence of the church, and thus did not perform the rites accepted in the Orthodox Church, which was a formal reason for accusing him of evading a split. It was in the process of investigation that he wrote this message, the recipient of which was the local Orthodox priesthood. The uniqueness of this source lies in the fact that the message is one of the rare written documents that emerged in the first half of the XIX century...

Spiritual-Educational Works of St. Theophanes at the Vladimir Cathedra. «Vladimir Diocesan Sheets»

2020 ◽  
pp. 168-178
Author(s):  
Питирим Творогов
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Church Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
The Church

Основной целью исследования является описание трудов свт. Феофана по учреждению церковного периодического издания «владимирские епархиальные ведомости». Для этого в первую очередь излагается история учреждения и развития «епархиальных ведомостей» в русской православной Церкви в целом, а затем рассматривается подробный план конкретного издания владимирской епархии, каким он виделся зачинателю этого важного дела, раскрывается его роль в жизни епархиального духовенства и паствы, показывается духовно-просветительское значение этого печатного органа. в итоге автор делает вывод, что целью трудов епископа было вовлечение местного духовенства в активную церковную жизнь совместно с паствой. в наше время выпуски данного журнала являются ценнейшим источником сведений об истории владимирской епархии. The main purpose of the study is to describe the writings of St. Theophanes on the establishment of the church periodical «Vladimir diocesan sheets». Primarily I discuss the history and account of the emergence and development of the «Diocesan Vedomosti» that is described in the Russian Orthodox Church as a whole, and then display a detailed plan of the specific publication of the Vladimir diocese, which he saw as the initiator of this important matter. Its role in the life of the diocesan clergy and flock is revealed. The spiritual and educational significance of this printed organ is shown. As a result, the author concludes that the goal of the bishop’s work was to involve the local clergy in active church life together with the flock. Nowadays, the issues of this journal are a valuable source of information about the history of the Vladimir diocese.

The reason for the crisis of Ukrainian Orthodoxy in 1941-1944

2001 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Nadiya Stokolos
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Church Life ◽  
Good Will ◽  
Direct Guidance ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Church

Restoration of religious life, the formation of an autocephalous Orthodox church in the occupied German troops, Ukraine faced a number of foreign-policy and domestic problems. First of all, it is about the approach of different personalities and groups of Orthodox hierarchs to their solution. At that time, there were two irreconcilable, antagonistic concepts - Metropolitan of Warsaw Dionysius (Valledinsky) and Archbishop of Kholmsky and Podlyassky Hilarion (Ogienko). It should be noted at the outset that both these hierarchs were in Poland, which was declared by the General Governorate of Hitler and actually bordered by the Germans occupied by Ukrainian lands, most of which were included in the "Reichscommissariat Ukraine". It was in these occupational administrative formations, under the direct guidance of Hitler and his close circle, that the whole range of Ukrainian problems - political, economic, national, cultural, and church - was solved. Ukrainian Orthodox circles and their leaders have long hoped for the invaders' good will to solve Ukrainian problems and, for the most part, tried to act on the basis of their own concepts of governance of church life. All of them, as time showed, were, to a greater or lesser extent, peculiar "ideas - fixed", since they contradicted the principled vision of the solution of the church issue in Ukraine by the German invaders.

The Old Believers’ villages in Romania: Life of Generations and the Destiny of Traditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 160-173
Author(s):  
Lidia K. Gavryushina
Keyword(s):  
Folk Songs ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
The People ◽  
Church Life ◽  
Difficult Situations ◽  
The Church

The article deals with the spiritual aspects of life of Old Believers’ communities in contemporary Romania and the changes in their traditional culture, which took place during the second part of the last century. People whose stories we present here told us that faith was the foundation, on which both a person and the community could lean on in difficult situations. Оne of the main peculiarities of the church life of Lipoveni is the intercommunication of church ceremonies and folk traditions. One of the most interesting facts about them in Manuylovka (Bucovina) is the sequence of church and folk songs during the wedding dinner. Nowadays however the role of tradition has changed. For example, there is a difference between the attitudes of the old and young generation towards the marriage with heterodoxes. Life among the people of another nationality and religion had consolidated the Lipoveni during the past centuries, but now threatens with additional risks of disappearance of their own cultural space.

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