Assessing and Adapting Rituals That Reproduce a Collectivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-175
Author(s):  
Nicolas Sihlé
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tibetan Buddhism ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Recent Meeting ◽  
The Social

Tantrists, non-monastic religious specialists of Tibetan Buddhism, constitute a diffuse, non-centralized form of clergy. In an area like Repkong, where they present a high demographic density, large-scale supra-local annual ritual gatherings of tantrists are virtually synonymous with, and crucial for, their collective existence. In the largest of these rituals, the ‘elders’ meeting’ is in effect an institutionalized procedure for evaluating the ritual performance, its conditions and effects, and, if necessary, for adjusting aspects of the ritual. At a recent meeting, the ‘elders’ decided to abandon a powerful and valued but violent and problematical component of the ritual, due to its potential detrimental effects on the fabric of social relations on which the ritual depends for its continued existence. Thus, a highly scripted, ‘liturgy-centered’ ritual (per Atkinson) can be adapted to the social context. The specialists of these textual rituals demonstrate collectively an expertise that extends into the sociological dynamics surrounding the ritual.

Cognition in a Social Context: A Social-Interactionist Approach to Emergent Phenomena

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina Vlasceanu ◽  
Karalyn Enz ◽  
Alin Coman
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Fundamental Characteristic ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Emergent Phenomena ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Interactionist ◽  
Interactionist Approach

The formation of collective memories, emotions, and beliefs is a fundamental characteristic of human communities. These emergent outcomes are thought to be the result of a dynamical system of communicative interactions among individuals. But despite recent psychological research on collective phenomena, no programmatic framework to explore the processes involved in their formation exists. Here, we propose a social-interactionist approach that bridges cognitive and social psychology to illuminate how microlevel cognitive phenomena give rise to large-scale social outcomes. It involves first establishing the boundary conditions of cognitive phenomena, then investigating how cognition is influenced by the social context in which it is manifested, and finally studying how dyadic-level influences propagate in social networks. This approach has the potential to (a) illuminate the large-scale consequences of well-established cognitive phenomena, (b) lead to interdisciplinary dialogues between psychology and the other social sciences, and (c) be more relevant for public policy than existing approaches.

scholarly journals ЕКОНОМІКА ЗНАНЬ: СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ПЕРЕШКОДИ НА ШЛЯХУ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
А. С. Машкіна
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
The Social

Developed economies of individual states are becoming an example and set the pace of development for others. Countries that are now leading the way have brought people to the forefront with their spiritual, human and intellectual qualities. Ukraine has not yet taken this experience and goes in the opposite direction, devaluing all kinds of relations in the state. The purpose of the research is to highlight the state of the organization of interaction of the population with all branches of power in order to understand and identify the steps towards the development of the knowledge economy. The object of research is the social complex of living conditions of the population of Ukraine, as the basis for the formation of value orientations of the knowledge economy. The methods used of the research were the practical side of the built relationship between the population and authorities at all levels. The hypothesis of the research is the idea that everyone should take his worthy place to shift a car called State in the direction of improving the quality of social relations, which will serve to increase the economic component. The statement of basic materials. To date, the state of interaction and communication with government is striking by the depreciation and neglect of moral, ethical and legal standards. The incompetence of the authorities and the high corruption of all structures leads to disruption of relations between all segments of the population. The great anti-social orientation of many laws and reforms does not allow a citizen to develop and realize his potential, as the consciousness of more than half of the population has mastered a single opinion – how to survive. The originality and practical significance of the research. To achieve economic growth and the implementation of large-scale innovation, you need to start with radical changes in the social plane. The proposed steps will improve the relations between the people and the authorities, establish dialogue and restore confidence in the state apparatus. Conclusions of the research. Based on this study, we can understand that we need to radically revise the relations between the population and the authorities and to be guided by common sense when making decisions that can harm another person

Recurrent gestures

Gesture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-244
Author(s):  
David McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Social ◽  
Inside View ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Social Deixis ◽  
Interior View ◽  
Gesture Production

Abstract Using recurrent gestures as the model, this essay considers how an inside-looking-out view of speech-gesture production reflects the interactive-social exterior. The inside view may appear to ignore the social context of speaking and gesture, but this is far from the truth. What an exterior view sees as important appears in the interior but in a different way. The difference leads to misunderstandings of the interior view and what it does. It is not a substitute for the exterior. It is the interior reflecting the social exterior and shaping it to fit its own demands. Topics are: recurrent gestures; gesture-speech co-expressivity; expunged real-world goals; “in-betweenness”; phenomenological “inhabitance” and material carriers; metaphoricity and imagery; social deixis and social relations; realizations of the self; world-views; and lastly the want of mutual outside and inside intellectual perceptions and what can be done about it.

Sexuality, Violence, and the Athenian Law of Hubris

1991 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Sexual Misconduct ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Social Anthropology ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Important Concept ◽  
The Social

In recent years a considerable literature on the scope and meaning of the word hubris has done much to clarify the nature of this important concept. However, some important aspects of hubris deserve more detailed attention. In particular, a full account of the social context and moral psychology of the ideology, social practices, and legal prosecutions involving hubris would make a fundamental contribution to our understanding of Athenian society and the role which litigation played in moderating or exacerbating social conflicts. Indeed, such an account, particularly if it drew upon recent advances in the social anthropology of agonistic societies, would necessarily increase our appreciation of the centrality of hubris and the related values of honour and shame in Athenian social relations. While the goals of the present study are far more modest, in a sense they represent a first step in this direction. Since, as I will argue, the relation of the law of hubris to certain kinds of sexual misconduct and to sexual aspects of honour and shame has not been fully recognized, an exploration of this relation may help to mark out some of the ground which a fuller treatment would have to cover.

scholarly journals Citations driven by social connections? A multi-layer representation of coauthorship networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1493-1509
Author(s):  
Christian Zingg ◽  
Vahan Nanumyan ◽  
Frank Schweitzer
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Citation Rate ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Coauthorship Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Physics Journals ◽  
Scale Data

To what extent is the citation rate of new papers influenced by the past social relations of their authors? To answer this question, we present a data-driven analysis of nine different physics journals. Our analysis is based on a two-layer network representation constructed from two large-scale data sets, INSPIREHEP and APS. The social layer contains authors as nodes and coauthorship relations as links. This allows us to quantify the social relations of each author, prior to the publication of a new paper. The publication layer contains papers as nodes and citations between papers as links. This layer allows us to quantify scientific attention as measured by the change of the citation rate over time. We particularly study how this change correlates with the social relations of their authors, prior to publication. We find that on average the maximum value of the citation rate is reached sooner for authors who have either published more papers or who have had more coauthors in previous papers. We also find that for these authors the decay in the citation rate is faster, meaning that their papers are forgotten sooner.

scholarly journals Understanding collective regularity in human mobility as a familiar stranger phenomenon

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Leng ◽  
Dominiquo Santistevan ◽  
Alex Pentland
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Information Diffusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBeyond the physical structures that contain daily routines, urban city dwellers repeatedly encounter strangers that similarly shape their environments. Familiar strangers are neither formal acquaintances nor completely anonymous faces in daily urban life. Due to data limitations, there is a lack of research focused on uncovering the structure of the “Familiar Stranger” phenomenon at a large scale while simultaneously investigating the social relationships between such strangers. Using countrywide mobile phone records from Andorra, we empirically show the existence of such a phenomenon as well as details concerning these strangers’ relative social relations. To understand the social and spatial components of familiar strangers more deeply, we study the temporal regularity and spatial structure of collective urban mobility to shed light on the mechanisms that guide these interactions. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between social distances and the number of encounters to show that more significant physical encounters correspond to a shorter social distance. Understanding these social and physical networks has essential implications for epidemics spreading, urban planning, and information diffusion.

Criminal Law, Policing Policy, and HIV Risk in Female Street Sex Workers and Injection Drug Users

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim M. Blankenship ◽  
Stephen Koester
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Social

In public health and the social sciences, there is growing recognition of the role that social context plays in determining health. Frequently, social relations of inequality are among the most important features of social context identified in this work, and emphasis is placed on identifying and addressing these inequalities in order to improve health. Within the field of HIV/AIDS prevention as well, researchers have begun to look beyond individuals for an understanding of the structural causes of HIV-related risk. This research demands that greater attention be paid to the social mechanisms and contextual factors that lead to HIV risk. Among these factors are law and social policy, which form a part of the context in which risk-taking occurs and which can promote both HIV transmission and prevention. On the one hand, laws limiting access to sterile injection equipment have contributed to HIV-related risk behavioxs among injection drug users (IDUS).

scholarly journals Instrumental approach towards tradition in the conceptual and social contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dmitry Vladimirovich Rakhinsky ◽  
Grigorii Andreevich Illarionov ◽  
Anna Nikolaevna Gorodishcheva ◽  
Nikolai Alekseevich Knyazev
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Cross Effect ◽  
Instrumental Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Subject

  The subject of this research is the dynamics of conceptualization of the phenomenon of cultural reproduction, expressed in the concepts of tradition and cultural memory, as well as the related concepts of the invention of tradition, historical memory, and post-truth. The article analyzes the transformation of epistemological approach that took place in the late XX century towards reproduction of culture, reflected in the change of the fundamental conceptual metaphor – from “delivery”(traditio) to “memory”, which means a shift in the dominant approach towards the structure of cultural continuum that appears to be attributed not to the objective reproducible content, rather than its construction by the subject. It is suggested to examine the questions of current interrelation between post-truth and public consciousness. The author creates an instrumental approach towards tradition, which is characterized by pragmatism expressed in the intention towards management of social relations, where tradition is a tool for managing the present through the formation of representations about the past, and constructivism, which implies that tradition is a construct of perception formed in the present, not reflecting the past itself. Being internalized in a broad social context, the instrumental approach is realized within the framework of the state of post-truth, which does not consider the past crucial for the formation of public opinion compared to other personal beliefs, as well as management methods applied to the latter. Problematization of the theme of post-truth demonstrates the internalization of instrumental approach into a broad social context, indicating the cross-effect pf epistemological and general cultural social context with regards to problem of interrelation between the social past and the present.  

scholarly journals Femicide in media

Temida ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Zorica Mrsevic
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Male Violence ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Aspects ◽  
Media Reports

Media in Serbia explain femicide usually as caused by poverty and alcoholism. This style is gender blind and socially stereotyped because of neglected gender aspects of male violence against women. Particular problem is lack of problematizing obvious social ?permission? of male violence. Femicide is regularly presented as an incident, allegedly impossible for anticipation rather than tragic epilogue of long lasting male violence against women which as such exists as a part of traditional gender social relations and roles. Media overlook that alcohol and poverty may only contribute to intensification of already existing, widely accepted domination of men and subordination of women. Media reports as a rule didn?t enter deeper into problems of institutional and social context in which is perpetrated long lasting violence as prefacing femicide. Media also never criticize the social behavior of neighbors, relatives and all others informed on the domestic violence, but rather avoid ?mixing?into privacy matters. Thus violence escalates without barriers, eventually developed in femicide, murder a woman, victim of this, decades long lasting violence.

scholarly journals SCALa: A blueprint for computational models of language acquisition in social context

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tsuji ◽  
Alejandrina Cristia ◽  
Emmanuel Dupoux
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Language Learner ◽  
Early Language ◽  
The Social

Theories and data on language acquisition suggest a range of cues are used, ranging from information on structure found in the linguistic signal itself, to information gleaned from the environmental context or through social interaction. We propose a blueprint for computational models of the early language learner (SCALa, for Socio-Computational Architecture of Language Acquisition) that makes explicit the connection between the kinds of information available to the social learner and the computational mechanisms required to extract language-relevant information and learn from it. SCALa integrates a range of views on language acquisition, further allowing us to make precise recommendations for future large-scale empirical research.

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