Extracción de petróleo y transformaciones socioterritoriales

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irvin Aguilar León
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Développement Économique ◽  
Comme Point ◽  
Political Economic

*Full Article is in SpanishEnglish abstract:This article responds to the question: how do the inhabitants of a community perceive the transformations of their territory associated with oil extraction policy in Mexico that are defined and upheld by prevailing political-economic trends? Oil extraction in Mexico has only highlighted the importance of oil as a main element of the country’s economic development. This situation contributes to the invisibility of the harmful eff ects in the territories where extraction takes place. The article focuses on the analysis of seven socioterritorial transformations that took place in the socio-cultural, socio-economic, socio-political and socio-environmental context of the Emiliano Zapata community. The perception of the inhabitants regarding the oil extraction activities that take place in their community shows they have been negatively impacted by sociocultural and socio-environmental contexts.Spanish abstract:Este artículo tiene como objetivo responder a la pregunta: ¿cómo perciben los pobladores de una comunidad las transformaciones de su territorio asociadas a una política de extracción de petróleo en México, defi nida y adecuada con base en las tendencias político-económicas imperantes? La extracción de petróleo en México ha destacado la importancia del petróleo como elemento principal del desarrollo económico del país. Esta situación contribuye a invisibilizar los efectos nocivos en territorios donde tiene lugar su extracción. El artículo analiza siete transformaciones socioterritoriales ocurridas en el contexto sociocultural, socioeconómico, sociopolítico y socioambiental de la comunidad Emiliano Zapata. La percepción de los pobladores en torno a las actividades de extracción de petróleo que tienen lugar en su comunidad evidencia que han impactado negativamente su contexto sociocultural y socioambiental.French abstract:Cet article a pour objectif de répondre à la question suivante : comment les habitants d’une communauté mexicaine perçoivent-ils les transformations de leur territoire associées à une politique d’extraction pétrolière qui est défi nie et adaptée en fonction des tendances politiques et économiques actuelles ? L’auteur prend comme point de référence la politique d’extraction pétrolière au Mexique, à partir de l’expropriation pétrolière de 1937 et jusqu’à la dernière Réforme énergétique de 2013, période caractérisée essentiellement par l’importance du pétrole comme un élément de développement économique du pays. Cett e situation contribue à invisibiliser les eff ets nocifs dans les territoires d’extraction. L’article centre l’analyse autour de sept transformations sociales du territoire qui surgissent dans le contexte culturel, économique, politique et environnemental de la communauté Emiliano Zapata, qui se trouve au centre des opérations d’un gisement pétrolier.

scholarly journals Quatrième Forum mondial sur le développement économique local

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Djénéba Traoré
Keyword(s):  
Full Article ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Cabo Verde ◽  
Développement Durable ◽  
Développement Économique

*Full article is in FrenchEnglish abstract:This article gives an overview of the organization and execution of the 4th World Forum for Local Economic Development in Praia (Republic of Cabo Verde) from 17 to 20 October 2017. During the Forum, relevant refl ections were made on themes pertaining to local economic development. The freedom of expression during the exchanges allowed participants to express ideas and beliefs without restrictions. The aim of the SDGs is to measure the importance and scope of the objectives that have been developed by a Working Group of representatives of 70 countries at the collective and individual levels. The Forum looked into the issue of sustainable development and proposed ways to operationalize these objectives. What will remain of the engagements taken in Praia? This remains to be seen.Spanish abstract:Este artículo intenta dar una visión general de los principales momentos de la organización y el desarrollo del Cuarto Foro Mundial sobre Desarrollo Económico Local (4FMDEL) celebrado en la ciudad de Praia (República de Cabo Verde), del 17 al 20 de octubre de 2017. Durante estas reuniones memorables, el Comité Científi co del Foro realizó refl exiones relevantes sobre los temas previamente identifi cados sobre el desarrollo económico local. Además, la libertad de expresión que prevaleció durante los intercambios permitió a todos los participantes expresar sus ideas y creencias sin ninguna restricción. 4FMDEL examinó la cuestión del desarrollo sostenible y propuso nuevas estratégias para lograr los objetivos. La autora se pregunta ¿Qué quedará de los compromisos hechos en Praia?French abstract:Cet article tente de donner un aperçu des principaux moments de l’organisation et du déroulement du quatrième Forum mondial sur le développement économique local (4èFMDEL) qui s’est tenu dans la ville de Praia (République de Cabo Verde), du 17 au 20 octobre 2017. Durant ces mémorables assises, des réfl exions extrêmement pertinentes ont été menées sur les thèmes préalablement identifi és sur le développement économique local par le Comité scientifi que du Forum. En outre, la liberté d’expression qui a prévalu durant les échanges, a permis à tous les participants d’exprimer leurs idées et leurs convictions sans aucune restriction. Le 4èFMDEL s’est penché sur la problématique du développement durable et a proposé des pistes visant la concrétisation des objectifs. Que restera-t-il des engagements pris à Praia ? La question reste posée.

THE CONCEPT OF THE BALTIC-BLACK SEA ARC AND UKRAINIAN FOREIGN POLICY (1990 - EARLY 2000)

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Alexandr S. Levchenkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Eastern Baltic ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article analyzes the influence of the concepts of the Intermarium and the Baltic-Black Sea Arc on the formation of Ukraine’s foreign policy in 1990 – early 2000. The use of these concepts in American, European and Ukrainian geopolitical thought, which historically included the idea of opposing Russian influence in the region, contributed to the increase in tension and was aimed at further disintegration of the Western flank of the post-Soviet space. The article proves that the design of the Euro-Atlantic vector of Ukraine’s foreign policy was already active under the first two Ukrainian presidents – Leonid Kravchuk (1991–1994) and Leonid Kuchma (1994–2005). One of the concrete attempts to implement the idea of forming a common political, economic, transport and logistics space of the Black Sea-Caspian region with a promising expansion of the cooperation zone to the whole of Eastern Europe and the Eastern Baltic during the presidency of Leonid Kuchma was the foundation and launch of a new regional organization, Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, better known as GUAM (composed by the initial letters of names of member states – Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Moldova; when Uzbekistan was also a member of Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, the name of the organization was GUUAM), which is an alternative to Eurasian projects with the participation of Russia.

The Pittsburgh Transition: Not Quite So Simple

2021 ◽  
pp. 089124242110248
Author(s):  
Sabina Deitrick ◽  
Christopher Briem
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
The State ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Economic Development Strategies

Benjamin Armstrong’s article compares state economic development policies in Pittsburgh and Cleveland in the 1980s, the period of major regional economic restructuring. Armstrong argues that what separated Pittsburgh from Cleveland in the ensuring years was the state-mandated inclusion of the city’s universities as major economic development decision makers and the role that advanced technology played in Pittsburgh’s recovery—much more prominent than in Cleveland’s. The authors agree that the 1980s expanded stakeholders in the region’s traditional economic development strategies, but not to the extent that Armstrong argues, and that significant other factors have affected the two regions in recent decades. The authors also find that the divergence in economic trends between the two regions is not a strong as Armstrong suggests.

La Continuité et le Changement dans les Stratégies de Développement Économique en Iran Aprés 1989

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-708
Author(s):  
Mohammad-Ali Shirdel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
International System ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Développement Économique ◽  
Société Civile ◽  
Economic Stabilization

Résumé.Cette recherche a pour objectif d'expliquer le changement et la continuité dans les stratégies de développement économique après la révolution islamique en Iran. Le modèle explicatif est le suivant : la configuration et l'interaction particulière de quatre facteurs expliquent le choix et le changement dans les stratégies de développement économique en Iran : l'État, la société civile, le système mondial et les idées. À partir de 1989, la Deuxième République annonce des changements importants dans l'État islamique et dans ses relations avec la société civile islamique, d'un côté, et avec le système international, de l'autre. Ces changements en ont entraîné d'autres dans les stratégies de développement et ont eu pour résultat l'application d'une nouvelle stratégie de développement. Cette nouvelle stratégie a deux volets importants : les programmes de stabilisation économique et les programmes d'ajustement structurel.Abstract.This research aims to explain change and continuity in the strategies of economic development after the Islamic revolution in Iran. The explanatory model is as follows: the particular configuration and interaction of four factors explain the choices and changes in the strategies of economic development in Iran: the state, civil society, the world system and ideas. Starting in 1989, the Second Republic announced important changes in the Islamic State and its relations with civil society on one side, and with the international system on the other. These changes involved other changes in the strategies of development and the application of a new strategy of development. This new strategy has two important facets: programs of economic stabilization and programs of structural adjustment.

scholarly journals Applications of the Method of Statistical Equations of Dependences for Assessment of Correlation between Economic Phenomena when Justifying Management Decisions

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
R. О. Kulynych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Life ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Effective Use

Studies devoted to economic activities of business enterprises are aimed at finding correlations between various factors and indexes of effectiveness, outlining tendencies, developing economic standards and forecasting. The sustained socio-economic development in Ukraine can be ensured by creating stable market relations through attracting and effective use of foreign investment, deeper integration of industry and science & technology sector, expanding foreign economic activities and more effective utilization of the resource capacities at regional level. This raises the importance of statistical analysis allowing for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the phenomena and processes underlying socio-economic trends in regions, for ranking of the country’s regions and ranking of countries in international comparisons. As a consequence, statistical support becomes increasingly import ant for justifying and making of management decisions on socio-economic development . A statistical approach to justification of management decisions, including socio-economic programs, is developed by use of the method of statistical equations of dependences. Key theses of the method of statistical equations of dependences, developed by Professor O. Kulynych, are set out. This method is extensively used in Ukraine and beyond. It enables for quantitative assessment of correlations and tendencies of phenomena and processes in nature and social life. The main tasks dealt with by the method of statistical equations of dependences are solving direct and inverse problems; finding the intensity of the factors’ impact on the dependent variable; constructing graphs of multiple correlations and finding the weight of a selected factor; analysis of functional dependences and correlations; analytical computations on the basis of numerous and not numerous sets of input data. The main equations of the method that can be solved by software are linear, parabolic, hyperbolic and logical functions, of which a researcher can select the appropriate ones to study a process on the basis of the available parameters and criteria with use of comparison ratios.

scholarly journals Energy Poverty and Sustainable Economic Development: An Exploration of Correlations and Interdependencies in European Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7640
Author(s):  
Blanka Tundys ◽  
Agnieszka Bretyn ◽  
Maciej Urbaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Energy And Climate Policy

The problem of energy poverty exists in practically every European country. Its size and scope are determined by a variety of factors, ranging from economic development to the direction of energy and climate policy implementation to cultural factors. Our aim in this paper was to carry out a comparative analysis of indicators related to energy poverty and sustainable development to identify correlations and links between the two issues and determine how they are related. The fact that the analysis was performed for most European countries is new and represents a broad spectrum of research; we were not limited to studies of countries bound by formal political-economic arrangements or by consideration of the degree of economic development. This approach enabled explication of how diverse the situation is in Europe. The research methods used included a critical analysis of the literature and the use of descriptive and mathematical-statistical tools. The main conclusions and findings of the analysis were that in some countries in economically developed Europe, energy poverty is a major problem, and that, in this respect, there are large differences between “old European Union” and “new European Union” countries, and in the countries that do not belong to political-economic structures in Europe. It is clear, from the research, which countries are rapidly and effectively reducing their energy poverty problems and which factors are the determinants of this. These results are linked to the new direction of energy policy and the shift towards more environmentally friendly energy use. In conclusion, it has been possible to identify the causes of energy poverty and how the energy poverty situation in Europe is changing.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF M&A TRANSACTIONS ON THE GROWTH OF THE BANKS’ MARKET VALUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (40) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
L. Prymostka ◽  
N. Pantielieieva ◽  
I. Krasnova ◽  
V. Lavreniuk ◽  
O. Lytvynenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Banking Business ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The globalization of markets, the need to comply with modern economic trends and introduce new technological solutions to increase the profitability of the banking business have significantly intensified the processes of mergers and acquisitions in the banking sector. M&A processes are long and complex, their results are difficult to forecast in lack of actual detailed research. The diversity of the results of the available research requires updating the data based on larger volumes of transactions and larger time intervals. The purpose of the article is to substantiate two hypotheses: first, the impact of M&A agreements especially on the increase in the value of banks; and impact of factors that show economic development level on the value of banks. The object of the study is the relationship between the value of commercial banks in domestic and foreign financial markets, M&A agreements, as well as economic indicators published by the World Bank and measuring the level of economic development of countries. The article uses statistical modeling method. The constructed model of linear regression allows to state that the fact of influence of M&A on growth of cost of consolidated banks is fair for 54.8% of cases. The study shows that the M&A processes have the greatest impact on the value of banks in the interval of 3—5 years after the conclusion of the agreement. Analysis of the relationship between economic indicators and the growth of bank value shows that the greatest impact on the value of banks has percent of the growth of GDP and GDP per capita, but the low value of the determinant at 22.9% indicates a low dependence of bank value on the level of economic indicators in general. It was found that external factors do not directly affect the growth in the value of banks in the process of M&A transactions. The question of expanding the system of factors that will influence the M&A processes and, as a consequence, the value of the banks, will be the subject of further research. Keywords: globalization of markets, mergers and acquisitions of banks, consolidation, M&A dynamic, market capitalization, bank value. JEL Classification Е44, Е47, G14 Formulas: 2; fig.: 4; tabl.: 4; bibl.: 14.

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