scholarly journals Biological features of fruiting of various apple varieties in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
E. V. Ulyanovskaya ◽  
K. M. Atabiev
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Yield Factor ◽  
North Ossetia

The results of a long-term ecological testing of 12 apple varieties of domestic and foreign selection in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania are presented. The biological features of fruiting of representatives of the genus Malus in a southern region of Russia were studied with the purpose of identifying the most valuable varieties in terms of a set of indicators for further breeding and production. According to the conducted long-term observations (2012–2019), the following varieties with compact small-sized crowns (volume of 1.48-2.09 m3) were identified: Zolotaya Korona, Lyubimoe Dutovoj, Sunrise and Red Chiff. Among summer triploid varieties, the variety of Soyuz was selected according to the yield factor (total yield was 159.2 t/ha, which was 56.5 t/ha higher than the control). The varieties of early winter and winter ripening period with a high total (198.3–299.2 t/ha) and average (33.05–49.87 t/ha) yield were determined: Ligol, Zolotaya Korona, Lyubimoe Dutovoj, Alanskoe and Pinova. It was established that the varieties of Alanskoe, Zolotaya Korona, Lyubimoe Dutovoj, Sunrise and Pinova exhibit high productivity indicators, with the specific productivity of the crown volume being 17.00–21.87 kg/m3. It was revealed that the fruits of all studied foreign and domestic apple varieties grown under favourable conditions of the region meet modern requirements in terms of diameter (65–75 + mm) and average weight (200–220 g). Among the most promising varieties for breeding and production were found to be Liberty, Zolotaya Korona and Lyubimoe Dutovoj with large fruit (214.5–237.8 g), as well as Soyuz, Ligol, Alanskoe and Prikubanskoe with very large fruit (289.3–330.2 g). It is concluded that the apple varieties of regional selection (Alanskoe, Zolotaya Korona, Lyubimoe Dutovoj, Soyuz) and foreign selection (Sunrise and Pinova) can be recommended when breeding varieties with the required set of valuable agrobiological propertites, as well as when creating intensive industrial plantings and obtaining high-quality domestic fruit products.

scholarly journals A model of a commercial strawberry variety for the conditions of central Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
I. M. Kulikov ◽  
S. D. Aytzhanova ◽  
N. V. Andronova ◽  
A. A. Borisova ◽  
T. A. Tumaeva
Keyword(s):  
Average Weight ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Crushing Force ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
The Ideal

The article presents a model of a commercial variety of strawberry for the conditions of central Russia. This model covers 40 features and properties, which are combined into three groups: 1) plant resistance to a complex of adverse abiotic and biotic factors (adaptive potential); 2) productivity and quality of products; 3) manufacturability of the variety. In the middle zone of Russia, adapted strawberry varieties should develop normally and produce a high quality crop of 20-25 t/ha with the sum of temperature from 1800 to 2000 oC and the duration of the vegetative period from 130 to 180 days. They must withstand spring frosts, sharp and prolonged cooling during the vegetative period, more frequent droughts and high temperatures up to +36 oC, early-winter frosts up to -25 oC in the absence of snow, the frosts up to -36 oC in winter under snow cover, temperature drops from 0…+3 oC to -20 oC in December-March after thaws and have fi eld resistance to numerous diseases and pests. The parameters of high productivity of a biennial strawberry bush are: the number of fl ower stalks ≥10 pieces, the number of berries ≥50 and the average weight of fruits for all collections is more than 10.0 g. The ideal strawberry variety should contain >12 % RSV, >8 % sugars, >80 mg% ascorbic acid, >80 mg% anthocyans and no more than 1.5 % organic acids in berries. In addition to the high taste qualities and biochemical composition, strawberry berries should be attractive, one-dimensionally, have good transportability and keeping quality. According to the ideal variety model, the crushing force of strawberry berries, which determines their preservation during harvesting and long-term transportation, must be at least 10.0 N. The combination of the above-mentioned features and properties in one genotype is a task of the future, but systematic researches in this direction should be carried out constantly. The creation and gradually updating of sources and donors for each of breeding features on a genetically diverse basis will accelerate the implementation of this model into specifi c varieties.

scholarly journals ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ДИНАМИЗМ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ОСЕТИНСКОЙ ЛЕКСИКИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Senko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Lexical Processes ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
North Ossetia

В статье рассматриваются лексические процессы, свидетельствующие об активизации осетинского словарного фонда, проявляющейся, в частности, в проникновении в исконный и иноязычный речевой оборот единиц, ранее находившихся на периферии лингвистической структуры или же для нее в целом не актуальных. В условиях глобализации, стирания национальных отличий регионалистические исследования языков все чаще привлекают научное внимание, что свидетельствует о несомненной важности данной научной специализации. Цель статьи – описание функционального динамизма лексической системы современного осетинского литературного языка на фоне таких актуальных векторов глобальной языковой динамики, как либерализация и демократизация языков, а также современного языкового контактирования в аспекте сравнения с действием указанных факторов в современном русском литературном языке. Представляются наблюдения над влиянием диалектного потенциала, а также влиянием другой тенденции, формирующей современный языковой вкус, – либерализации языка, приводящей к обновлению литературного канона. Функциональный динамизм осетинского языка рассматривается и на фоне современного языкового контактирования, которое представляет собой широкомасштабное явление, наглядно демонстрирующее влияние языковой глобализации; отмечается, что параллельно в современном мире наблюдается интеграция локальных сообществ, стремление их к определенной автаркии, в том числе на уровне языковых систем. Работа показала, что в осетинском языке функциональные сдвиги проявляются в русле взаимодействия двух разнонаправленных векторов современной языковой динамики: с одной стороны, глобализации, с другой, регионализации. На материале указанных наблюдений обнаруживаются особенности современной осетинской и русской лексической динамики. Утверждается, что изменения в сфере языковой политики, произошедшие в последнее время в Республике Северная Осетия-Алания, обусловливают наряду с активным влиянием на осетинский язык русского языка возникновение параллельной, осетинско-русской, линии языковых контактов; данное обстоятельство объективно диктуется самой природой последних: известно, что любой долговременный этнический контакт не может быть односторонним.The article deals with lexical processes that indicate the activation of the Ossetian vocabulary. The purpose of the article is to describe the functional dynamism of the lexical system of the modern Ossetian literary language. In the aspect of comparison with the vocabulary of modern Russian literary language. The work showed that functional shifts in the Ossetian language are manifested in the interaction of two different vectors of modern language dynamics: on the one hand, globalization, on the other hand, regionalization. The material of these observations reveals the features of modern Ossetian and Russian lexical dynamics. Russian language policy in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, along with the active influence of the Russian language on the Ossetian language, causes the emergence of a parallel, Ossetian-Russian, line of language contacts. This fact is objectively dictated by the very nature of the latter: it is well known that any long-term ethnic contact cannot be unilateral.

scholarly journals Economic Effectiveness and Agricultural Indicators of Combinations Grafting-Varieties of Apple Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-780
Author(s):  
Islam A. Beyahmedov
Keyword(s):  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The North ◽  
Crown Volume ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Agricultural Yield ◽  
The Village

Research was carried out in the north-eastern part of the republic, in the Khuba-Khachmaz zone. Was carried out a comparative analysis of apple varieties on the different grafting and landing schemes. Namely, on the generative rootstock in the gardens, established in the village of Timiryazev of the Khuba region, according to the scheme 5x4m, in the village of Yeni Hayat of the Khusar region on the grafting M9 according to the scheme 4х1,25м and in the village of Dashliyatakh of the Shabran ragion on the grafting MM106 according to the scheme 5x3 m. The agricultural yield was calculated to the formula, proposed by A.S Ovsyannikov by the formula; Уa= Уs х Sa х N : 100; here Уs - Specific productivity, kg / m2 crown projection; Sa - area occupied by crown projection, м2; N – Number of trees per hectare; 100- for transfer of kg, in centners / hectare. To determine the optimum area for plant nutrition were used generally accepted formula: Sop = (D- 0,3) x (D+2)м2 ; D is the diameter of the crown in the period of full fruiting, м; 2- necessary gleam between rows, м; 0,3- the possibility of penetration of branches into the crown of a neighboring tree, м. Economic efficiency was determined by the method proposed by P. V.Dubrava. The results of research is different combinations varieties-grafting. It was determined that all varieties shows high profitability on different grafting. Also, identified a significant impact of the grafting both to the morphometric parameters, to the productivity and economic productivity of varieties. Varieties on the generative rootstock having a relatively large area of crown projection (11.3 m2), respectively, reduce the productivity of the crown to 3.63 kg / m2, against of, having the smaller area of the crown projection (2.43 ... 7.96 m2) and accordingly high productivity (11.70 ... 5.40 kg / m2) on the clonal grafting as M9 and MM106. Relatively less crown volume creates conditions for reducing the area of supply trees, thereby increase the number of trees per unit area and, accordingly, an increase the agrecultural harvest per hectare. This helps to increase the level of net income of varieties on clonal grafting. They have a net income of 3622.97 .... 16335.91 AZN is more than in the varieties of generative rootstock (3029.57 AZN). Accordingly, indicators of agrcultural produoctivity, in varieties on clonal grafting, vastly more (correspondingly 598.92 ... 352.56 center / ha) than in the varieties on the generative rootstock (247.87 center / ha). At the same time, high and high quality productivity of varieties on clonal grafting contributes to the increase in net income and, together with them, the profitability of production. It should be noted that, the profitability of farming in gardens on generative grafting is 100.06%, then this indicator in apple gardens, on clonal grafting is much higher and amounts of 147.54% on MM106 and 381.14% on M9.

scholarly journals Biological features of the Himalayan lilac (Syringa emodi Wall. Ex Royle) during introduction in the Bashkir Cis-Urals

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
N. V. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
The South ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of a long-term (2005-2017) introduction study of Syringa emodi Wall. ex Royle, cultivated in the South Ural Botanical Garden Institute of the UFIC RAS. As a result of phenological observations, it was revealed that S. emodi belongs to the flowering ones in terms of medium flowering - the beginning of flowering is observed on average on the end of May. The duration of flowering is 18-22 days. Pollen viability is lower than that of other types of lilacs in the collection and is 13%. Fruiting annually, the level is slightly lower compared to other species. Seed germination is 82-86%. Winter hardiness is relatively high, only in very severe winters is freezing of annual shoots observed. The total score in the evaluation of decorative characters of S. emodi was 76 points out of 100 possible. For a number of signs, introduction stability was determined by 87 points. The conclusion is made about the successful introduction of S. emodi in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the possibility of widespread use of this species in landscaping settlements in the region.

scholarly journals RESIDENTS OF INDUSTRIAL REGIONS: LONG TERM DYNAMICS OF SPONTANEOUS MUTAGENESIS

2016 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Fatima Chshieva ◽  
Fatima Chshieva
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Cytogenetic Study ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mutagenic Effects ◽  
North Ossetia

The studies shows results of the 10-years research related to the frequency of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of North Ossetia inhabitants. The study of cytogenetic indexes in the blood of healthy individuals showed an increase in the average frequency of chromosome aberrations as time passed. The long-term cytogenetic study of North Ossetia residents’ blood showed the growth of medium frequency of aberrant metaphases from 2.07 ± 0.37 to 3.04 ± 0.16 in the group of adults and from 0.5 ± 0.25 to 1.9 ± 0.2 in the groups of children. The most significant increase among all studied cytogenetic indexes in groups of North Ossetia adults and children was in 2009 due to accidental release at one of the metallurgical enterprises in the capital city. All studied groups were characterized by prevailed acentric fragments among chromosome disorders, with an increase of all types of aberrations as time passed. There was a growth in the proportion of chromosome aberrations (adults had an increase of double fragments from 0.20 ± 0.11 to 0.60 ± 0.15 and chromosome exchanges from 0.27 ± 0.15 to 0.64 ± 0.13, children: from 0.13 ± 0.13 to 0.26 ± 0.12 and from 0 to 0.26 ± 0.20 respectively). Sex and smoking factors had no significant effect on the studied samples during the observation period. The 10-year (2002-2011) dynamics analysis of cytogenetic disorders has shown an intensification of mutagenic effects on residents of the republic, which were the most severe after accidental releases in 2009. The results of cytogenetic studies suggest that a mutagenic impact of chemical and radioactive nature takes place.

STUDY OF A NEW APPLE TREES VARIETIES ON A WEAKLY GROWING STOCK M-9 IN CHECHEN REPUBLIC CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
S. M. Khamurzaev ◽  
I. M. Anasov ◽  
А. А. Madaev
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Limited Scale ◽  
Fruit Formation

The article provides a comparative analysis of productivity, fruit formation and growth rate of introduced apple varieties trees. The work was carried out on the basis of collection apple plantations of the Chechen Research Institute of Agriculture experimental field. The soil of the experimental site is leached chernozem with underlying gravel, the humus content in the arable layer is 3.9%. The climate is moderate continental. The relief is flat and low. The temperature conditions of the Chechen Republic are very diverse. The average annual air temperature is 10.4 °C, the minimum temperature is – 28 °C, and the maximum is 42 °C. The research objects are ten apple varieties of domestic and foreign selection: Red Chief, Enterprise, Florina, Morden Duft, Jonagold, Pink Lady, Ligol, Rumyanets alpinista, Golden Bee, Renet Simirenko. In experimentation were guided by the program and methodology of collection variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops, as well as the methodology of research in horticulture. The stock M-9, which is widely used in the southern regions of our country, ensures the relative durability of trees and their high productivity. It is also of interest to study the biological fitness of dwarf apple trees on this rootstock and in intensive irrigated orchards. Based on the long-term researches we recommend all of the above varieties for irrigated intensive gardens of the Chechen Republic and regions similar in climate, with the exception of Morden Duft, Jonagold, Ligol. They can be grown, but on a limited scale.

Anesthesia for rabbits submitted to experimental surgeries: Report of a series of eight anesthesias

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
Rafael Antonio Caldart Bedin ◽  
Maisa Schultz ◽  
Antonio Bedin
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Anesthetic Induction ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Reasonable Degree ◽  
Bioethical Debate ◽  
Precordial Stethoscope

Anesthesia for laboratory animals is a matter of biomedical concern and one of the most present dilemmas in the current bioethical debate. The use of anesthetic agents in experimental surgery aims at analgesia and restraining the animal, in order to achieve a reasonable degree of muscle relaxation and to produce sufficient analgesia. This practice requires the use of protocols for the administration of safe and efficient doses. Eight New Zealand rabbits were submitted to laparotomies demonstrating the surgical technique discipline of the local medical course. For pre-anesthetic medication, acepromazine 1 mg.kg-1 associated with ketamine 15 mg.kg-1 was used subcutaneously. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and oxygen under a laryngeal mask in a Mapleson D anesthesia system and under spontaneous breathing. Hydration was performed with 10 ml.kg-1 saline every hour. A thermal mattress was used. Precordial stethoscope, pulse oximetry and clinical parameters were used for monitoring. For euthanasia, ketamine 10 mg.kg-1 associated with potassium chloride 19.1% 1 ml.kg-1 was used intravenously. The average weight of the rabbits was 2721.25 ± 275.01 grams and the duration of the anesthetic procedure was 120 ± 87 minutes. Discussion. In long-term anesthesia, such as laparotomies, the use of pre-anesthetic medication and then anesthetic induction by the combination of agents is recommended. However, anesthetic management requires monitoring to prevent insufficient or excessive doses from occurring.

Sinn Féin and the IRA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Sinn Fein ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Irish Republicanism ◽  
The Republic ◽  
British State ◽  
State Responses

When Sinn Féin and the IRA emerged in Northern Ireland in 1969 they used a combination of revolutionary politics and violence to an effort to overthrow British rule. Today, the IRA is in a state of ‘retirement’, violence is a tactic of the past, and Sinn Féin is a co-ruler of Northern Ireland and an ever growing political player in the Republic of Ireland. This is one of the most startling transformations of a radical violent movement into a peaceful political one in recent times. So what exactly changed within Irish republicanism, what remains the same, and, crucially, what caused these changes? Where existing studies explain the decision to end violence as the product of stalemate or strategic interplay with the British state, this book draws on a wealth of archival material and interviews to argue that moderation was a long-term process of increasing inclusion and contact with political institutions, which gradually extracted moderate concessions from republicanism. Crucially, these concessions did not necessitate republicans forsaking their long-term ethno-national goals. The book also considers the wider implications of Irish republicanism for other cases of separatist conflict, and has significance for the future study of state responses to violent separatism and of comparative peace processes.

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