New complex specimen for treatment of calves suffering from eimeriosis and nematodosis

The paper explores parasitic diseases of calves and young cattle in the Republic of Belarus and finds out that they are mainly revealed as parasitocenosis with great diversity of followers. The agents of gastrointestinal parasitocenosis and the degree of infestation by them are closely related with the age of an animal. Associative parasitosis was observed in calves aged 2 months. The authors designed the composition of complex specimen Viracoccha, which includes modern anticoccidial, anthelmintic, organic acids and tocopherol acetate. This concentration allows to treat animals from parasitic protozoa and helminthes and protect their immune system. When exploring acute and chronic toxicity of new complex specimen Viracoccha, the authors highlight that it does not cause any deviations from the physiological norm in clinical condition in mice and according to GOST 12.1.007-76 Harmful substances belong to the 4th class of hazard (low hazard substances), it does not spoil the skin of laboratory animals and does not have sensitizing (allergenic) ability, it does not cause intoxication and any deviations from the physiological norm in rabbits which receive specimen as preventive specimen and 3 times exceeding dose. The effect of Viracoccha dosed 100 mg/kg of live weight in the associative infestation (Strongyloides+ Eimeria) of calves was 100%.

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The growth and development of heifers of Alatau breed at different technologies of rearing

Glavnyj zootehnik (Head of Animal Breeding) ◽

10.33920/sel-03-2006-06 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 43-49

Author(s):

S. Abugaliev ◽

L. Bupebaeva ◽

M. Baybatyrova ◽

N. Matkerimov ◽

K. Matkerimova

Keyword(s):

Dairy Products ◽

Systematic Approach ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Live Weight ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cattle Breeding ◽

Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽

Young Cattle ◽

The Republic ◽

Daily Gain

At the present stage of economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan dairy cattle breeding should be competitive, highly productive and cost-effective, which contributes to ensuring the country’s independence from imports of dairy products. The formation of milk productivity of future cows begins with the preparation of cows for calving and the purposeful rearing of replacement young cattle, based on the achievements of scientific and technical progress, a systematic approach to the production of high-quality products. The researches have been carried out in the farm “Tauelsizdik” in the Eskeldinsky district in the Almaty region in the Republic of Kazakhstan. According to the results of the research, the average daily gain of live weight in 3 months of the post-embryonic period was 458,9±71,9 g in heifers have reared in narrow-sized pens, and 682,2±44,6 g in heifers have reared in group pens. At 3 months of age the live weight of heifers at rearing in narrow-sized pens has reached 76,5±2,5 kg in narrow-sized pens, and 98,3±1,7 kg in group pens (P < 0,001). The data of the experiment have convincingly shown the effectiveness of rearing heifers in group pens. The live weight of heifers at birth was 36,4±1,1 kg, at one month of age – 54,2±1,6 kg, at 2 months of age the live weight increased to 70,2±2,1 kg, at 3 months of age to 87,4±3,3 kg, at 4 months of age to 116,8±3,5 kg, at 5 months of age to 132,7±4,2 kg and at 6 months of age to 157,4±4,6 kg. The indices of lengthiness, chest, hip-chest and blockiness increased up with age, while the indices of high-leg and overgrown decreased down. For example, the lengthiness index has increased with age from 90 to 97 %, the chest index from 62 to 70, and the high-leg index has decreased from 59 to 54, overgrowth from 109 to 108 %.

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FEATURES OF BIOCONVERSION AND THE EFFICIENCY OF FATTENING YOUNG CATTLE OF THE KALMYK BREED IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA YAKUTIA

SCIENTIFIC LIFE ◽

10.35679/1991-9476-2020-15-7-1025-1035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 1025-1035

Author(s):

I.I. Sleptsov ◽

◽

A.A. Martynov ◽

Y.S. Vasilyev ◽

S.K. Okhlopkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Products ◽

Live Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Food Protein ◽

Bull Calves ◽

Production Complex ◽

Young Cattle ◽

The Republic ◽

Meat Productivity ◽

Experimental Group

This paper presents the results of studying the conversion of feed into nutrients in the carcass of bulls during the fattening of young Kalmyk breed in the conditions of Yakutia. The studies were carried out on the basis of the Soloosun agricultural production complex, Megino-Kangalassky region. The experiment was organized on Kalmyk bull-calves fed from 15 to 18 months of age. There were formed 2 groups of 25 bulls analogs: the control and the experimental one. The animals of the control group were fed according to the ration adopted on the farm. The diet of the animals from the experimental group included 200 g of Hongurin zeolite and 45 g of Kempendyai salt per animal. The main ration of animals by structure consisted of meadow hay 46%, haylage – 22% and compound feed 32% or 12.57 EFU per day. At the beginning of the experiment, the live weight of the animals was almost identical. At the end of fattening, the bulls of the experimental group in live weight exceeded the animals of the control group by 10.9 kg. Consequently, the experienced bulls had higher bioconversion rates, which was reflected in an increase in the meat productivity of animals. The analysis showed that the control group of bulls was inferior to the experimental group in terms of pulp by 11 kg., In the deposition of food protein by 1.3 kg. The calculation of the data on the conversion of protein into food protein showed that in the control group this indicator is 5%, and in the experimental group it was 6.2%. The yield of dietary protein in the control group was 40.4 g, in the experimental group – 52.8 g. Thus, the calculation of bioconversion showed that the animals of the experimental groups, which additionally consumed Hongurin zeolite and Kempendyai salt, had a higher ability to transfer nutrients and feed energy into meat products. The indicators of economic efficiency per 100 heads of fattening bulls of the Kalmyk breed are: profitability – 122.53%, cost price 1132 thousand rubles, profit – 1,388 thousand rubles, profit – 1.23 rubles per 1 ruble costs. The efficiency of beef production at a specialized feedlot increases by 22.53%.

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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CALF REARING IN DIFFERENT FARMS

SCIENTIFIC LIFE ◽

10.35679/1991-9476-2020-15-4-586-593 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 586-593

Author(s):

C.M. Sat ◽

◽

E.S. Oorzhak ◽

C.K. Oorzhak ◽

G.L. Oyun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dairy Calves ◽

Whole Milk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Young Cattle ◽

The Difference ◽

The Republic ◽

Daily Gain

Numerous studies have shown that animals with the same genetic potential can differ in productiveness. In this regard, specialists in this industry, when predicting the milk productivity of adult animals in the process of raising young cattle, divide rearing into separate periods. In order to study the conditions for growing dairy calves, a comparative analysis of the conditions for keeping and feeding calves in two farms of the Republic of Tyva was carried out. The conditions of growing calves in the dairy period in the conditions of different farms with the same breed composition of cattle were studied. A comparative analysis of the influence of the composition and level of the diet on the growth of young animals is given. Calves of both groups by birth weight at birth did not have significant differences: they were 0.05-0.07 kg. In dairy farms MUP “KaaKhemsky” and “OOO Turanskoye” young cattle from birth to 6 months are kept in separate rooms. There are no significant differences in the calf feeding schedule. In the Municipal Unitary Enterprise “Kaa-Khemsky” feeding with haylage of young animals is introduced from two months of age; at the farm of “OOO Turanskoye” silage has been given to calves from 4 months. However, from 4 months to six months of age, they showed a significant difference in the increase in live weight. At 4 months, the difference averaged 4.27 kg, at 5 and 6 months – 6.39 and 8.59 kg, respectively. As a result of the studies, it was concluded that a decrease in the drinking of whole milk and the introduction of a substitute at its early, three-month-old age, which are compensated by a large intake of hay, feed and silage, do not provide a high average daily gain in live weight of the growing organism of young cattle.

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Investigating Molecular Mechanisms of Immunotoxicity and the Utility of ToxCast for Immunotoxicity Screening of Chemicals Added to Food

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3332

Author(s):

Olga V. Naidenko ◽

David Q. Andrews ◽

Alexis M. Temkin ◽

Tasha Stoiber ◽

Uloma Igara Uche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

High Throughput ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

High Throughput Screening ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Toxicological Studies

The development of high-throughput screening methodologies may decrease the need for laboratory animals for toxicity testing. Here, we investigate the potential of assessing immunotoxicity with high-throughput screening data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ToxCast program. As case studies, we analyzed the most common chemicals added to food as well as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) shown to migrate to food from packaging materials or processing equipment. The antioxidant preservative tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) showed activity both in ToxCast assays and in classical immunological assays, suggesting that it may affect the immune response in people. From the PFAS group, we identified eight substances that can migrate from food contact materials and have ToxCast data. In epidemiological and toxicological studies, PFAS suppress the immune system and decrease the response to vaccination. However, most PFAS show weak or no activity in immune-related ToxCast assays. This lack of concordance between toxicological and high-throughput data for common PFAS indicates the current limitations of in vitro screening for analyzing immunotoxicity. High-throughput in vitro assays show promise for providing mechanistic data relevant for immune risk assessment. In contrast, the lack of immune-specific activity in the existing high-throughput assays cannot validate the safety of a chemical for the immune system.

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Causes of death in beef cattle in southern Brazil

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/10406387211007952 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104063872110079

Author(s):

Franciéli A. Molossi ◽

Bianca S. de Cecco ◽

Camila B. Pohl ◽

Rogério B. Borges ◽

Luciana Sonne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Diagnostic Category ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Parasitic Diseases ◽

Porto Alegre ◽

Pathology Laboratory ◽

Regional Location ◽

Young Cattle ◽

Postmortem Examinations

We determined the prevalence of diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in beef cattle in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, based on pathology laboratory submissions. Postmortem examinations were conducted on 1,277 beef cattle that died between 2008 and 2018. Information regarding age, time of the year, breed, and regional location were analyzed statistically. Most cattle were from the surrounding region of Porto Alegre, and 78.7% of the analyzed cases had diagnostic value. The diagnostic category with most cases was infectious and/or parasitic diseases (60%), followed by toxic and toxicoinfectious (25%). Most cases occurred in the fall. Major disease conditions identified included hemoprotozoal infection (18.2%), rabies (8.2%), and plant intoxications by Senecio spp. (8.5%) and Pteridium arachnoideum (4.6%). Hemoprotozoal infection occurred at a higher frequency in young cattle, mainly in animals up to 1 y old. Intoxication by Senecio spp. was more frequent in cattle 2–3 y old.

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The New Status of Parasitic Diseases in the COVID-19 Pandemic—Risk Factors or Protective Agents?

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10112533 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2533

Author(s):

Kinga Głuchowska ◽

Tomasz Dzieciątkowski ◽

Aleksandra Sędzikowska ◽

Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak ◽

Daniel Młocicki

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Immune System ◽

Mutual Influence ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Present Review ◽

Parasitic Diseases ◽

Parasitic Disease ◽

Potential Influence ◽

Protective Agents ◽

Soil Transmitted Helminths

It is possible that parasites may influence the course of COVID-19 infection, as either risk factors or protective agents; as such, the current coronavirus pandemic may affect the diagnosis and prevention of parasitic disease, and its elimination programs. The present review highlights the similarity between the symptoms of human parasitoses and those of COVID-19 and discuss their mutual influence. The study evaluated selected human parasitoses with similar symptoms to COVID-19 and examined their potential influence on SARS-CoV-2 virus invasion. The available data suggest that at least several human parasitoses could result in misdiagnosis of COVID-19. Some disorders, such as malaria, schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths, can increase the risk of severe infection with COVID-19. It is also suggested that recovery from parasitic disease can enhance the immune system and protect from COVID-19 infection. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected parasitic disease elimination programs in endemic regions and influenced the number of diagnoses of human parasitoses.

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Comprehensive evaluation of the productive and reproductive traits of sows of Yorkshire and Landrace breeds and their offspring

Glavnyj zootehnik (Head of Animal Breeding) ◽

10.33920/sel-03-2105-05 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 36-46

Author(s):

A. A. Balnikov ◽

Yu. S. Kazutova ◽

N. M. Kostomakhin ◽

I. F. Gridyushko ◽

E. S. Gridyushko

Keyword(s):

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Live Weight ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Young Pigs ◽

The Republic ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Best Parameters

The purpose of the work was a comprehensive evaluation of the productive and reproductive traits of sows of Yorkshire and Landrace breeds and their offspring under the conditions of a breeding enterprise in the Republic of Belarus. During the studies of reproductive traits, it has been revealed that the highest rate of prolificacy among the evaluated breeds was distinguished by Yorkshire sows 14,0 heads for farrowing. In terms of milk content, Landrace sows were 2,5 kg or 4,57 % higher than Yorkshire sows. In terms of weight and socket weight per piglet at weaning at the age of 28 days sows Landrace piglets surpassed herdmates Yorkshire breed in the weight of the litter by 6,8 %, and the weight of one pig by 0,9 %. It has been found by the results of the evaluation of fattening and meat qualities of purebred young pigs that the best parameters were different gilts of Landrace breeds, whose age achieve the live weight of 100 kg was 163,1 days, and average daily gain of live weight – 864,8 g, which was higher than in young pigs of Yorkshire breed by 1,8 day or 1,09 %, and 28,9 g or by 3,46 %. The young pigs of Landrace breed has been characterized by the best values of the area of the “eye of loin” – 73,8 cm² and the highest yield and amount of meat – 68,5 % and 24 kg, which was 11,4 cm² or 18,2 % and 0,4 kg or 3,5 abs.%, respectively, higher than the herdmates of Yorkshire breed. The results obtained indicate the possibility of using boars and sows of Landrace and Yorkshire breeds not only in breeding, but also in industrial pig breeding.

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ORGANIC ACIDS IN FEEDING OF PIGS AND THEIR EFFECT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND CLINICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE

Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology ◽

10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.201802015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 84-88

Author(s):

L. A. Nikanova ◽

Keyword(s):

Organic Acids ◽

Orthophosphoric Acid ◽

Physiological State ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Initial Dosage ◽

Live Weight ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Control Group ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Experimental Group

The influence of feed additive "Ormik" consisting of organic acids (formic acid, lactic acid, orthophosphoric acid, acetic acid), as a filler of diatomite crumb, introduced into concentrated fodders, on the biochemical parameters of blood serum of pigs and on productivity is considered in the article. The studied feed additive was added to the feed daily in the form of loose powder, mixing thoroughly. The initial dosage of the feed additive in the 1st week was 1 g/kg of feed, 2nd week and the following – 3 g/kg of feed. The average daily gain in the live weight of pigs in the experimental group was 11,0% higher than the control group. The animals of the experimental group were less sick and the safety of this group was 100%, in the control group it was 90%.

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EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF FEEDING BROILER CHICKENS OF THE ARBOR ACRES CROSS IN HOT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHAD

Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii ◽

10.26897/0021-342x-2020-5-72-82 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 72-82

Author(s):

M.V. LAZKO ◽

◽

ADAM A. ABDERAKHIM

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Central Africa ◽

Live Weight ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Geochemical Conditions ◽

Blood Biochemical ◽

The Republic ◽

The University

The paper presents the results of evaluating the efficiency of feed rations offered to broilers of the Arbor Acres cross, formed taking into account the climatic, geochemical conditions of Central Africa and its native food flora. The study was conducted on the basis of an experimental farm at the University of N’Djamena, the Republic of Chad. In the experiment, the authors used five formulas of feed rations, which are currently used by farms in the Republic of Chad for growing broiler chickens. They mainly contain locally availble ingredients. To increase the resistance of the poultry organism to unfavorable environmental factors, the chickens of the control and experimental groups were given “TETRACOLIVIT” and “AMIN’TOTAL” vitamins. The efficiency of feed rations was evaluated by determining the age dynamics of live weight, average weekly gains in live weight and blood biochemical parameters of broiler chickens of the Arbor Acres cross from 1 to 42 days of life. The formula of feed ration No. 1 proved to be the most effective in terms of the cross productivity.

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