scholarly journals Assessment of selection groups of mature cows of various breeds, differentiated by milk fat

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
A. S. Durov ◽  
V. S. Deeva
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Breeding Group ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Selection Parameters ◽  
Breeding Groups

The assessment of black-and-white, red steppe, and Simmental cattle, differentiated by milk fat was carried out. Three groups were formed: selection, production and marriage. The selection parameters are calculated using the standard deviation. The calculated parameters of selection of animals of the breeding group for milk fat in adult black-and-white cows are at least 179 kg, red steppe - 186, Simmental breed from the Novosibirsk region - 143, the Republic of Khakassia - 176 kg. Cows of the red steppe breeding group are leading in productivity. Their milk fat index is 216.8 kg (P ≥ 0.95). In animals of the black-and-white breed, the milk fat productivity is 193.2 kg. In the Simmental Republic of Khakassia it is 193.8, in the Novosibirsk region - 163.5 kg. Analysis of interbreed differences in cows of breeding groups shows that animals of the black-and-white breed surpass their peers in chest width behind the shoulder blades, milk yield and milk production index. Animals of the red steppe breed are the best in milk fat, live weight, width in shanks, oblique body length, oblique rear length, chest girth, milk fat content. Simmental cows bred in the Novosibirsk region lead over their peers in height at the withers, and Simmental cows in Khakassia - in height at the sacrum, chest depth, cannon girth, assessment of the exterior. Evaluation of the production groups of animals for milk fat allows to note that the selection group of the black-and-white breed, despite the superiority in milk yield, is inferior to the peers of the red steppe and Simmental in terms of the evaluated character. However, the cows of the black-and-white breed of the production group surpass their peers in milk fat and most other signs. The formation of breeding groups for milk fat enables to note the consolidation of the black-and-white breed in terms of productive and exterior characteristics. The Red Steppe and Simmental breeds have a high potential for improvement. These breeding groups are worthy of competing with the contemporaries of the black-andwhite breed in milk fat productivity.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of selections groups for milking of full-age cows of various breeds

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
A. S. Durov ◽  
V. S. Deeva
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Selection Parameters ◽  
Breeding Groups

An assessment of the cow population based on exterior and productive characteristics in the formation of production groups identified by the level of milk yield was carried out. It is established that the selection parameters for the yield of milk in the breeding group of Mature cows of Simmental breed in Novosibirsk region for black-motley breed on 15% exceeds the requirements of the standard, red steppe -17.9, Simmental Khakassia - 23.5 %. The analysis of interbreeding differences by breeding groups shows that animals of the black-and-white breed significantly outperform their peers of other breeds in terms of chest width behind the shoulder blades, chest girth, milk yield and milk production index. Animals of the red steppe breed have superiority in live weight, width in makloks, oblique length of the trunk, oblique length of the back, fat content of milk, milk fat. Simmental cows bred in the Novosibirsk region surpass their peers in height at the withers, and simmentals of Khakassia are the leaders in height at the rump, chest depth, waist circumference, and exterior assessment. The assessment of the division of animals of the evaluated breeds into breeding groups by milk yield allows us to note that the leadership of the black-and-white breed is not so obvious among plentiful individuals. Cows of breeding groups of red steppe and Simmental breeds have the same productivity with black-and-white milk yield and milk yield index, and red steppe cows surpass their peers in milkfat content and milk fat. The selection of groups by milk yield showed the consolidation of the black-and-white breed by productive and exterior characteristics. The red steppe and Simmental breeds have a high potential for improvement. their breeding groups closely approach the analogues of the black-and-white breed in terms of milk production.

scholarly journals Evaluation of breeding groups by living weight of over-age cows depending on breeding

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
A. S. Durov ◽  
V. S. Deeva
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Breeding Group ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Breeding Groups

 The assessment of cattle of black-and-white, red steppe, Simmental breeds, differentiated by live weight, was carried out. Three groups were formed: selection, production, and marriage. The selection parameters are calculated using the standard deviation. The calculated parameters of selection of animals of breeding groups by live weight in full-aged cows of the black-and-white breed are 527–472 kg, red steppe-595–514, Simmental breed from the Novosibirsk region – 555–447, the Republic of Khakassia – 610–475, Hereford – 570–462 kg. The animals of the breeding group of the black-and – white breed have an average live weight of 552.5 kg, the red steppe – 641.1 kg, the Simmental Novosibirsk region – 576.7 kg, the Republic of Khakassia – 648 kg, and the Hereford Region-591.1 kg. The analysis of interbreed differences of cows of breeding groups shows that animals of Simmental and Red steppe breeds surpass their peers in most measurements. Animals of the black-and-white breed are the leaders in milk yield and milk content index, Red steppe-in milk fat content and milk fat, Simmental cows bred in the Republic of Khakassia – in live weight. The assessment of production groups of animals by live weight allows us to note that the black-and-white breed surpasses its peers in milk productivity and is characterized by broadness; the red steppe breed – by live weight and fat content of milk and is characterized by elongation; the Simmental breed has a greater development of high-altitude measurements. Evaluation of breeding groups of animals by live weight allows us to note its relationship with other productive traits. The formation of a breeding group with a high live weight allows you to create a tall and stretched array of cattle. 

scholarly journals Influence of Genotype and Intensity of Cows’ Formation on the Level of their Lactation performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Т.В. Павлова ◽  
Н.Н. Шамич ◽  
В.А. Бельцов
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Protein Milk

Цель работы – установить влияние генотипа и интенсивности формирования коров на уровень их молочной продуктивности в одном из предприятий Минской области Республики Беларусь. Объектом исследований являлись 940 коров белорусской чёрно-пёстрой породы с разной долей генотипа по голштинской породе. Для проведения группировки коров по генотипам у каждого животного определяли линейную принадлежность, породность по голштинской породе и страну селекции отца. При оценке молочной продуктивности коров учитывались следующие показатели: удой за 305 дней первой и последней законченной лактации; массовая доля жира, %; массовая доля белка, %; выход молочного жира и белка, кг. Установлено, что с увеличением породности по голштинской породе у коров в стаде рассматриваемого предприятия прослеживается повышение удоев и снижение жирно- и белковомолочности. Наиболее высокий удой наблюдается у коров шведской (9190 кг) и итальянской (8148 кг) селекций, удой этих коров достоверно (Р = 0,999) превышает средний по стаду на 2019 и 977 кг соответственно; массовая доля жира и белка в молоке – у коров российской селекции (4,26 и 3,54% соответственно); у животных белорусской селекции удой составил 6714 кг при жирно- и белковомолочности 4,24 и 3,49% соответственно. С увеличением интенсивности формирования животных снижается возраст первого осеменения и увеличивается живая масса при первом осеменении, наиболее близки к оптимальным параметры у умеренноформирующихся животных. У них же отмечен и наиболее высокий удой за 305 дней первой лактации – 7226 кг, что достоверно (Р = 0,95) превышает этот показатель у медленно- и быстроформирующихся животных на 264 и 150 кг соответственно. The purpose of the work is to establish the influence of the genotype and intensity of cows’ formation on the level of their lactation performance in one of the enterprises of the Minsk region of the Republic of Belarus. The object of research was 940 cows of the Belarusian Black-and-White breed with different genotype proportions for the Holstein breed. To group cows by genotypes, each animal was determined by directional affiliation, race by Holstein breed and country of father selection. When assessing the lactation performance of cows, the following indicators were taken into account: yield for 305 days of the first and last completed lactation; weight fraction of fat, %; weight fraction of protein, %; milk fat and protein yield, kg. It was established that with an increase in breeding in the Holstein breed, cows in the herd of the enterprise under consideration show an increase in yields and a decrease in fat and protein milking capacity. The highest yield is observed in cows of Swedish (9190 kg) and Italian (8148 kg) selection, the yield of these cows significantly (P = 0.999) exceeds the herd average yield for 2019 and 977 kg, respectively; mass fraction of fat and protein in milk – in cows of Russian selection (4.26 and 3.54%, respectively); in animals of Belarusian selection the yield was 6714 kg with fat and protein milking capacity of 4.24 and 3.49%, respectively. As the intensity of animal formation increases, the age of the first insemination decreases and the live weight increases at the first insemination, the parameters are closest to optimal in moderately forming animals. They also had the highest yield for 305 days of the first lactation – 7226 kg, which significantly (P = 0.95) exceeds this indicator in slow and fast-forming animals by 264 and 150 kg, respectively.

scholarly journals BREEDING AND INDUSTRIAL GROUPS OF FULL-AGING COWS OF RED STEP BREED

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Durov ◽  
V. S. Deeva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Breeding Group ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selection Parameters ◽  
Selection Group

An assessment of the population of red steppe breed cows by exterior and productive characteristics in the formation of production groups allocated for the degree of development of live weight, assessment of the exterior, milk yield, milk fat, milk fat, kg. The following selection parameters were calculated: for live weight - selection group X≥595 kg, production 595> X≥514 kg, marriage X<514; assessment of the exterior – selection group X≥9,46, production 9,46> X≥7,78, marriage X<7,78; for a milk yield for 305 days of lactation, a selection group X≥4481 kg, production 4481> X≥2829 kg, marriage X <2829 kg; milk fat content – selection group X≥4,35 kg, production 4,35> X≥3,99 kg, marriage X<3,99; milk fat - selection group X≥186 kg, production group 186> X≥118kg, marriage X<118 kg. Comparative assessment of the herd shows that animals of the breeding group in live weight by 18,7% exceed the breed standard, in milk yield by 8,7%, in milk fat 20,7%. Evaluation of animal grouping by milk yield shows that cows of a selection group exceed the breed standard by live weight by 6,1%, milk yield by 38,5%, milk fat by 54,3% Animals of the breeding group for milk fat exceed the breed standard by 6,1% in live weight, 36%, in milk yield, in milk fat 53,8%. The selection of the breeding group by body weight contributes to the formation of an array of animals of tall, stretched type with increased milk yield and milk fat. Cows with high milk yield differ from their peers in their greater body weight, milk yield index and milk fat productivity, and have a stretched and wide-grip physique. Uterus with high productivity in milk fat differ from their peers in greater body weight, milk yield, milk yield index, and have a more stretched constitution. For most of the identified dependencies, a significant difference was noted between the traits of different breeding groups. It should be noted that, regardless of the choice of the main feature, there is a tendency to form an array of animals that are distinguished by tall and stretched physique.

Milk productivity of the cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in environment of the Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zheltikov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
D. Adushinov ◽  
O. Zaiko ◽  
V. Dementev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The characteristic of milk productivity of cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” in the Maslyaninsky district in the Novosibirsk region has been given. It has been revealed that under the natural and climatic environments of the Western Siberia, when creating favorable conditions for feeding and housing for cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds have sufficiently high milk productivity. It has been found that Holstein first-calf heifers surpassed their Simmental herdmates by 959 kg in milk yield for the first 305 days of lactation under the same conditions of housing and feeding, by 3,1 kg in daily milk yield, by 38,2 kg in milk fat yield, and by 28,3 kg in milk protein yield (P < 0,001). There were no statistically significant differences between animals of Holstein and Simmental breeds in terms of fat and protein content in milk, which amounted to 3,94 and 2,96 % in Holstein breed and 3,97 and 2,98 % in Simmental breed, respectively. Both breeds have shown high milk productivity during the first 3 lactations. Thus, the milk yield of Holstein cows for the first 3 lactation was 6475–9290 kg, Simmental cows it was 5516–7680 kg, fat content was 3,93–3,99 and 3,96–3,97 %, respectively. The protein content in the milk of cows of both breeds did not exceed 3,0 %. High variability has been found in milk yield, yield of milk fat and protein, the coefficient of milk content and duration of lactation, the lowest in the content of protein and fat in milk and live weight. The correlation coefficients between the fat and protein content in milk were generally positive, but did not exceed 0,28. Therefore, breeding in the herd of cows in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” have to be conducted not only by fat content, but also by protein content in milk.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT ASSESSMENT METHODS OF BREEDING BULLS OF BLACK-AND-WHITE BREED BY THE OFFSPRING QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
E. I. Anisimova E. I. ◽  
◽  
P. S. Katmakov ◽  
A. V. Bushov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Hydraulic Engineering ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Offspring Quality ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Ideal Line

The paper presents results of assessing black-and-white bulls by the quality of the offspring with application of different methods. The evaluation of bulls was carried out with application of the “daughter-mother” method in the conditions of Volzhsky Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation. The valuation showed that the bulls Aist 7 and Muscat 8 increased milk yield of daughters, in comparison with mothers, by 951 and 486 kg, or by 26.7 and 12.9%. The rest of the servicing bulls reduced milk yield of the offspring by 46 - 1019 kg (1.1 - 24.7%). When assessing the bulls using the “daughterpeer” method, the highest milk productivity was shown by the descendants of Sazan 25 and Aist 7 of Vis Back Ideal line, which surpassed their peers in milk yield by 273 and 419 kg, or by 3.8 and 5.7%, respectively. The producers Snop 57 (his 17 daughters had average milk yield of 4224 kg for the first lactation with milk fat of 3.80%) and Muscat 8 (with an average milk yield of daughters of 4254 kg , milk fat - 3.83%) are also of significant value for the breeding work of this farm. According to the assessment results, the producer Aist 7 was assigned to the breeding category of A1 of milk yield improvers. Bulls Sazan 25 and Muscat 8 are also rated as daughters’ milk yield improvers and are categorized as A2 and A3. All bulls evaluated by comparing daughters to the breed standards are improvers of daughters’ milk yield (+ 454-1860 kg).

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE DRUG "E-SELENIUM" ON THE DISPERSION OF MILK FAT IN COW'S MILK

2021 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
L.G. Kashirina ◽  
◽  
K.I. Romanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Fat Globules ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group

The antioxidant drug "E-selenium" was used to reduce the processes of LPO in the body of fresh cows. Two groups were formed from the analogous cows of the black-and-white breed: The Control was intact, Experienced received the antioxidant drug injection at a dose of 10 ml at the rate of 1 ml per 50 kg of live weight per head for 4 months of lactation from the second. The diets of animals of all groups were the same, balanced in nutrients and met the standards of the RAAS. The duration of the experiment was 150 days. During the period from the 3rd to the 5th month of lactation, there was a positive dynamic in increasing the number of fat globules in the milk of cows of the Experimental group. By the end of the 4th month, it was higher than the Control by 8.9 %. This confirms the active effect of the drug "E-selenium", which contributes to a positive dynamic in increasing the size of fat globules. Non-enzymatic antioxidant tocopherol is an active element of the anti-oxidative system. Selenium stimu-lates the body's own antioxidant system. In both experimental groups, the relationship between the concentration of peroxidation products and the quantitative composition of fat globules and their size was established. In the milk of cows of the Experimental group, the oxidation processes were inhibited by neutralizing the products (POL), increasing the number of large fat globules and the total fat content in the milk.

scholarly journals DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF THE HOLSTEIN BLACK-AND-WHITE CATTLE OF THE KAZAKHSTAN POPULATION

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (334) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
K.Zh. Zhumanov ◽  
◽  
A.D. Baimukanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
White Breed ◽  
White Cattle ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Official Data

The article deals with the productive parameters of cows of dairy cattle of the Holstein black-and-white breed in Kazakhstan. The research aimed to determine the level of productivity of the first-calf heifers of the Holstein black-and-white cattle. As an object of the research, information was used on first-calf heifers lactating in 2016-2017 in the breeding herds of the Holstein black-and-white cattle of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The source was the official data of the information-analytical system (IAS) of the livestock breeding of the Republic. The data analysis on the dairy productivity of the cows-daughters of the estimated servicing bulls is carried out according to the indicators of milk yield, the fat and protein content in milk, the yield of milk fat and protein for 305 days of lactation and the research period.

Influence of the age at the first insemination and live weight on milk productivity of cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
L. L. Petrukhina ◽  
S. L. Belozertseva
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
White Breed

The materials of the long-term (2008–2018) research into the reproductive function of cattle of the black-and-white breed of Baikal type in Irkutsk region are presented. The influence of the age at the first insemination and live weight on cows’ milk productivity, lifelong productivity and productive longevity was studied. The experiment was conducted on the basis of materials from the breeder-farm for breeding cattle of Baikal type on the groups of cows of different ages: up to 14–20 months and older. Cows inseminated at 16 months (7917 kg) had the best milk yield in the first lactation. The largest milk yield was obtained from inseminated cows with live weight of 401-410 kg. Milk production of these heifers was 7902 kg in the first lactation, 8792 kg – in the second and 8710 kg – in the third. It was revealed that age of cows and their live weight at the first successful insemination had a positive effect on the lifelong productivity and productive longevity of cows. Cows whose age at the first successful insemination was 15 or 16 months had a longer duration of productive use (productive life span of animals was 2561–2558 days, respectively). The highest lifelong productivity (34379–34585 kg) was obtained from the cows of this group. The economic efficiency of lifelong milk production was determined depending on the age of the first insemination. The highest lifelong milk productivity was obtained from cows, which were first inseminated at the age of 15–16 months. The largest revenue from sales of additional products was also received from the cows of this group (366,058–370,480 roubles per head). The results obtained allow to develop effective methods for increasing reproductive capacity of cattle.

Milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed depending on the part of Holstein blood

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
T. Shishkina ◽  
T. Guseva ◽  
A. Galiullin ◽  
N. Semikova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
White Breed ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Best Parameters

A retrospective analysis of the dynamics of traits of milk productivity of Black-and-White cows with increased the part of Holstein breed blood has been carried out. Two groups have been formed from the number of culling animals of two adjacent generations: the 1st group (basic generation) with the part of Holstein breed blood of 3/4 (75 %) and the 2nd group with the part of Holstein breed blood of 7/8 (87,5 %) per 35 heads in each. As a result, it has been found that cows with the part of blood of 7/8 had the best indicators of milk productivity for I, II and III lactation. They significantly exceeded the indicators of cows with part of Holstein blood of 3/4 in terms of milk yield and yield of milk fat. The decrease in average daily milk yields for months of lactation in high-blooded cows was lower by 3 %, and the indicator of full-competed lactation was higher by 17,8 %. High-blooded animals have been culled out of the herd more intensively. By the end of the third lactation, the livability of livestock in the 1st group was 100 %, and in the second group – 23 %. The best parameters of productive longevity were distinguished by animals of the basic generation with the part of Holstein breed blood of 3/4. They signifi cantly surpassed of high-blooded animals in terms of longevity and period of productive longevity, respectively, by 1109 (P < 0,001) and 739 (P < 0,001) days, and in terms of lifetime milk yield – by 14392 kg (P < 0,001). The increase of the part of the blood of cows to 7/8 was carried out using purebred producers of foreign selection, the new generation of high-blooded animals had a relatively high genetic potential. However, 7/8-blooded cows of Holstein breed used it only by 53,4 %, which was by 24,3 % (P < 0,001) lower than the base generation. Thus, in the current environments of CJSC “Konstantinovo” high-blooded animals of Holstein breed do not suffi ciently realize the genetic potential, and the increase in productivity is associated with the loss of milk due to the decrease in the duration of economic use of animals. Based on this, we propose at the present stage to suspend the upgrading crossbreeding and return to the using Holsteinized sires domestic selection with the part of Holstein breed blood of 75 to 85 %.

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