scholarly journals Globalization and its Socio-Economic Impact on Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol I (I) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Faria Zeeshan ◽  
Muhammad Ali Baig
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
The Impact

The study involves a brief yet insightful discussion on the concept of globalization, covering different aspects of globalization. The focal point is to consider that globalization is not a new phenomenon. It further explains that globalization has taken new dimensions along with the impact that it has on the economy and society of Pakistan. The impact of globalization on every economy differs depending on its social, political and economic dimensions. The paper emphasizes on the fact that although Pakistan achieved certain gains from globalization, but the adverse effects outweighs the positive effects in certain areas. It clearly mentions how globalization has resulted in a degradation of moral norms and values of Pakistani society and how has globalization affected economic growth in Pakistan with a major focus has on trade. It concludes with how these challenges can be overcome by holding governments in charge of effective policy making.

Poverty under Planning

2021 ◽  
pp. 254-295
Author(s):  
K. L. Datta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Describing the manner in which poverty is incorporated as a parameter in planning, this chapter delineates the use of poverty estimates in policy-making, and in tracking progress of development over time and space. It dwells on the methodological issues related to measurement of poverty, and identification of poor households, comprehensively summarizing the debates surrounding it. Viewing the pace of poverty reduction as the ultimate test of planning, it quantifies the level and change in poverty since the 1970s. It analyses the state of poverty at national and state level, and assesses the impact of economic growth and income redistributive measures on poverty reduction. It brings out that the phenomenal decline in poverty in the reforms-era took place exclusively due to increase in income, eventuated by high rate of economic growth. Finally, it states that despite the decline, poverty remains a major concern.

scholarly journals Tipping to Staying on the Ground: Internalized Knowledge of Climate Change Crucial for Transformed Air Travel Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jacobson ◽  
Jonas Åkerman ◽  
Matteo Giusti ◽  
Avit K. Bhowmik
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Media ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
The Impact

Air travel accounts for a major share of individual greenhouse gas emissions, particularly for people in high-income countries. Until recently, few have reduced flying because of climate concerns, but currently, a movement for staying on the ground is rising. Sweden has been a focal point for this movement, particularly during 2018–2019, when a flight tax was introduced, and air travel reduction was intensely discussed in the media. We performed semi-structured interviews with Swedish residents, focusing primarily on individuals who have reduced flying because of its climate impact. We explore how such individual transformation of air travel behavior comes about, and the phases and components of this process. Applying a framework of sustainability transformation, we identify incentives and barriers in personal and political spheres. We show that internalized knowledge about climate change and the impact of air travel is crucial for instigating behavioral change. Awareness evokes negative emotions leading to a personal tipping point where a decision to reduce or quit flying is made. However, the process is often counteracted by both personal values and political structures promoting air travel. Even individuals with a strong drive to reduce flying feel trapped in social practices, norms and infrastructures. Hence, we argue that personal and political spheres interact complexly and to reduce flying at larger scales, interventions are needed across spheres, e.g., change of norms, effective policy instruments and better alternatives to air travel.

Splits and scandal stymie strategy in Seoul

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Korea ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Approval Rating ◽  
Construction Firm ◽  
Suicide Note ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
The Impact

Subject The impact of recent by-elections and an ongoing corruption scandal. Significance Lee Wan-koo resigned as premier on April 21 after just two months in post. He and seven other associates of President Park Geun-hye were named in an interview and suicide note by Sung Wan-jong -- former head of a construction firm -- who hanged himself on April 9. All deny taking money from Sung, but Lee's position became untenable. In better news for Park, her Saenuri Party won three hitherto opposition-held seats in by-elections on April 29. Her approval rating as of May 1 was 39%, up four points in a week. Impacts Park's personal popularity is holding up, but this does not imply effective policy-making ahead. The main opposition, which lost all four by-elections, is in turmoil and may split. Park may try to regain popularity by easing policy toward North Korea.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Impact of the Tourism Sector on Regional Economic Development in Gauteng Province, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
The Impact

South Africa is facing three main developmental problems, including high levels of poverty, unemployment, and inequality. The tourism sector allows for a relatively easy entry into the local market for small businesses and entrepreneurs and has the potential to create jobs and subsequently, income. Tourism development could be utilised as a driver for economic growth and development. The main objective of this research was to assess the impact of the tourism sector on economic growth and development in South Africa, focusing on the Gauteng Province which, is the economic hub of the country and even Africa. The methodology utilised was based on a quantitative design, using secondary time series pooled panel data approach including, all the municipal entities in the region. Annual data from 2000 to 2019 were used to analyse the impact of tourism on economic growth and development. Tourism variables include measurements such as tourism spending and international tourism trips. Results confirm the tourism-growth nexus and the sector allows ease of market entry for small businesses, resulting in employment creation and income for the poor in developing regions if promoted via effective policy implementation, even in regions where tourism is not the leading sector.

scholarly journals THE SAVINGS-TRADE-FISCAL GAP MODEL: APPLICATION IN SELECTED WEST AFRICAN STATES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efayena Oba Obukohwo ◽  
Buzugbe Patricia Ngozi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
West African ◽  
Gap Model ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Impact

With most African economies experiencing adverse economic misalignment in recent times, the need of enhancing the growth process cannot be overemphasized. Using a typical Savings-Trade-Fiscal Gap Model, the paper employed panel data estimation method to examine the impact of savings, trade and fiscal gap on economic growth of 15 West African countries. The paper finds a negative relationship between net trade and economic growth, while savings and government expenditure impacts positively on economic performance. The paper thus, among recommended that it is appropriate for all countries to eliminate fiscal dominance from monetary policy-making, reduce public debt and establish institutions that promote and encourage counter-cyclical fiscal policy, develop their financial systems, establish credibility in fiscal and monetary policy-making as well as encourage trade.

Grandparents, Adolescents, and Parents

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1042-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-chun Yi ◽  
En-ling Pan ◽  
Ying-hwa Chang ◽  
Chao-wen Chan
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Seventh Graders ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Early Family ◽  
Adolescent Father ◽  
Northern Taiwan

This article examines intergenerational relations from the perspective of Taiwanese youth. Specifically, the major focus is on how the relations between second and third generations may be affected by prior family experiences between first, second, and third generations. Possible effects of the three-generation living arrangement on intergenerational relations are also explored. Panel data of 2,500 seventh graders in 2000 in northern Taiwan show that half of teenagers were raised in coresidence living arrangement with grandparents. Results confirm that relations between grandparents and parents and between grandparents and grandchildren do affect parent-teenager relations. Notably, more so than coresidence, the early family experience of being cared for by paternal grandparents produces significant positive effects on adolescent-father relations and negative adolescent-father relations if cared for by maternal grandparents. It is suggested that the impact of earlier family process on subsequent family relations is worth further investigation.

scholarly journals Seaports and Economic Growth: Panel Data Analysis of EU Port Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Gorana Mudronja ◽  
Alen Jugović ◽  
Dunja Škalamera-Alilović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

Seaports are an important factor in regional economies since their operations create positive effects on the economy. The application of new technologies and innovations is important for the successful operation of seaports; their use reduces costs, facilitates business, increases transparency, and attracts new business entities. This paper analyses the impact of seaports on the growth of regional economies within the endogenous growth theory based on research and development (R&D) for a sample of 107 European Union’s (EU) port regions observed over the period from 2005 to 2015. The model was tested by using the two-step generalized method of moments. The results of the research indicate that seaports have a significant impact on the economic growth of the EU port regions, yet it is necessary to consider other factors that affect the growth of regional economies such as investments in R&D and human capital. These factors are often underestimated in relation to investment in transport infrastructure; therefore, the guidelines for partial diversion of funds might follow such a path.

Impact Of The Instability Of Trade Flows On Economic Growth In Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Blanchard Felix DOSSOU
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Trade Opening ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

This article has discussed the impact of volatile trade flows on economic growth in Benin. The analysis is conducted by a VAR model inspired by the neoclassical production function. The study data are time series covering the period from 1980 to 2016. At the end of the study, it can be deduced that a shock on the degree of openness is negatively and significantly reflected on economic growth over two years. The variance of errors in the GDP growth rate explained by the degree of openness is 3.17%. The correlation coefficient between growth rate and openness errors is -0.56. There is a positive and significant contribution of the capital factor to growth from the 4th year. As for the labor factor, its positive effects on growth are statistically zero. In order to mitigate the effect of trade opening shocks on the level of growth, Benin should process its agricultural products locally, on the one hand, and diversify its export products, on the other.

scholarly journals Modelling the Impact of Liquidity Trend on the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks and Economic Growth in Cameroon

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Godfrey Forgha Njimanted ◽  
Akume Daniel Akume ◽  
Nkwetta Ajong Aquilas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Maturity Mismatch ◽  
Excess Liquidity ◽  
The Impact

Recent year statistics have revealed the build-up of excess liquidity in Cameroonian commercial banks for more than two decades now. This has led to renewed interest in liquidity management, as it has implications on the financial performance of commercial banks. This paper is therefore designed to examine the impact of excess liquidity on the financial performance of commercial banks in Cameroon. Using Return on Assets (ROA) as proxy for the measurement of financial performance, secondary data from 1990 to 2016, with the application of the VAR technique, the findings reveals that excess liquidity and total liquid outflows affect ROA negatively. Gross domestic product, interest rate gap, total liquid inflows and previous year ROA had positive effects on ROA. Also from the empirical findings, there is an existing significant negative chain between excess liquidity, commercial bank performance and economic growth in Cameroon based on the Koyck Geometric lag reasoning. To address the negative vicious cycle chain, we therefore recommend guided minimum and maximum liquidity regulatory control and government effort geared towards encouraging moral suasions and special directive of investment by commercial banks in the agricultural, industrial and the educational sectors in Cameroon. Also, commercial banks should set maturity mismatch limits appropriate to the size of excess liquidity observed in each bank. Attempt to reverse the chain is part of the assurance to Cameroon emergence by 2035.

scholarly journals Development thresholds of foreign aid effectiveness in Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1131-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asongu Simplice
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether initial levels in GDP growth, GDP per capita growth and inequality adjusted human development matter in the impact of aid on development. In substance its object is to assess if threshold development conditions are necessary for the effectiveness of foreign aid in Africa. Design/methodology/approach – The panel quantile regression technique enables us to investigate if the relationship between development dynamics and development assistance differs throughout the distributions of development dynamics. Findings – Three main findings are established. First, with slight exceptions, the effectiveness of aid in economic prosperity (at the macro level) increases in positive magnitude across the distribution. This implies high-growth countries are more likely to benefit from development assistance (in terms of general economic growth) than their low-growth counterparts. Second, the positive nexus between aid and per capita economic growth displays nonlinear patterns across distributions and specifications, with the correlations broadly higher in top quantiles than in bottom quantiles after controlling for the unobserved heterogeneity. Third, the aid-human development nexus is negative and almost similar in magnitude across distributions and specifications. Practical implications – As a policy implication, there is need to improve management of aid funds destined for health and education projects in the sampled countries. Moreover, given the magnitude of the nexuses, while blanket aid initiatives could be applied for policies targeting the human development index (due to the absence of significant differences in the magnitude of estimated coefficients), such are unlikely to succeed for aid targeting economic prosperity at macro and micro levels. From the weight of the findings, given a policy of balancing the impact of aid, it could be inferred that low-growth countries would need more aid than their high-growth counterparts because of the less positive effects in the former countries. Originality/value – This paper contributes to existing literature on the effectiveness of foreign aid by focussing on the distribution of the dependent variables (development dynamics). It is likely that high- and low-growth countries respond differently to development assistance.

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