scholarly journals Covid-19 and Media Representation: A Multimodal Study of Positive Discourse in Pakistani Television Commercials

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haseeb Nasir ◽  
Ejaz Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Television Commercials ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Multimodal Text ◽  
Multiple Resource ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Popular Television

The present study seeks to highlight the role of mainstream media in the dissemination of positive discourse, creating awareness among the masses with regard to the outbreak of COVID-19 in Pakistan. Media discourse plays a significant role in promoting ideology at a larger scale due to its vast viewership across the country. These ideological narratives are implicitly employed by the advertisers through several multiple resource systems. Electronic media has the power to (re)frame the ideology of a larger audience via significant visual/linguistic content and paves the way for social change through viable social institutions. The study follows the theoretical stance of Multimodal Text Analysis propounded by Kress and Leeuwan (2006). The data is comprised of some popular television commercials which are broadcast on the most viewed channels during the peak time viewership in the Pakistani context. The purposive sampling technique has been employed for the data collection process, including only those commercials that largely reflect COVID-19 patterns. The study finds that the commercials present layers of meanings via several orders of signification where the representation has been aimed at creating awareness to a greater extent among the general public so that they can take essential precautions and help to fight against the pandemic.

scholarly journals A Semiotic Analysis of Gender Discursive Patterns in Pakistani Television Commercials

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haseeb Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Television Commercials ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Discursive Patterns

The study is multidisciplinary that ventures into the domains of semiotics, linguistics and cultural studies. Media has become one of the most viable social institutions of disseminating information to a wider audience. It has got power to (re)frame the ideology of larger audience through its visual/linguistic content and to pave the way to social change. The current study aims to investigate the manifestation of gender discursive patterns in the Pakistani television commercials. This study draws its theoretical foundation on the theory of semiotics propounded by Dyer (1982) in her book Advertising as Communication. Semiotics is conceived an appropriate tool for the critical inquiry of the televised commercials because of its wide ranging acceptability and reliability in the meaning making process. Williamson (1978), Dyer (1982) and Jhally (1990) not only recommended but they also practically employed semiotics as a tool of investigation for critically examining the meaning making process in the commercials that enhances the reliability and validity of semiotics as a tool of inquiry. The data for the current study comprises television commercials broadcasted on famous Pakistani television channels. The sampling technique is based on non-probability purposive sampling. The rationale of choosing purposive sampling technique is to include only those commercials which reflect gender representation. The findings of the study highlight that the commercials present layers of meanings via semiotic modes at symbolic level where men and women are displayed in stereotypical manner. The existing gender narratives in the Pakistani commercials subscribes to patriarchal structures. The study presents recommendations about the change in the content of the televised material and also highlights the unexplored avenues which can be brought under considerations by the future researchers.

scholarly journals Manifestation of Gender-Binaries in Pakistani Television Commercials: A Semiotic Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol III (I) ◽  
pp. 355-375
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haseeb Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Safiullah ◽  
Sana Hussan
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Television Commercials ◽  
Theoretical Underpinning ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Binary

The current study investigates the prevalent gender-binary narrative in Pakistani television commercials. It tends to portray the dominant gender representational mechanisms which are implicitly employed by the advertisers. Television commercials, having the power to (re)frame the ideology of larger audience through visual/linguistic content and agency to pave the way for social change have become one of the most viable social institutions of disseminating information to a wider audience. The theoretical underpinning of the study is based on the theory of semiotics outlined by Dyer in “Advertising as Communication”. Semiotics is considered a critical tool for investigating meaning making process in media discourse because of its wideranged acceptability and reliability. The data for the current study comprise television commercials which are broadcast on popular Pakistani television channels. The sampling technique is purposive in nature including only those commercials which largely reflect gender representation. The study finds the commercials presenting layers of meanings at symbolic level of semiotic modes where men and women are displayed in stereotypical manner, subscribing to patriarchal structures.

scholarly journals SMART LOCKDOWN STRATEGY, SECOND AND THIRD WAVES OF COVID-19 IN PAKISTAN: A POLITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-930
Author(s):  
Hanan Afzal ◽  
Masroor Sibtain ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Hina Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
The Political ◽  
Senate Elections ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan

Purpose: The present study investigates the violations of SOPs regarding the spread of COVID19 during the political processional campaigns in the Gilgit Baltistan and Senate elections in Pakistan held just before the second and third waves of COVID-19. For instance, during the first wave Pakistani government employed a smart lockdown along with persuasive awareness campaign. However, in the second and third waves, it seemed that SOPs were not influential due to violations by politicians themselves. Method: The researchers analyze the journalistic text both verbal and pictorial by employing the qualitative and interpretive paradigm to understand the policies and strategies of political parties in their political gatherings. Data regarding political campaigns have been collected from the print media through the purposive sampling technique. The secondary data has been collected from various research publications to establish the background. Main Findings: The study analyzed political response to COVID-19 SOPs on the part of Pakistani political parties during the political campaigns in Gilgit Baltistan and senate elections. Referent pictures (see Figures), taken from authentic, official newspaper websites, showed that during ‘Political congregations and rallies’, individuals and politicians attended the events without requiring social distance and masks. Both the opposition and ruling party and their workers have taken approximately equal parts to violate the SOPs to gain political gains and benefits. Application of the Study: The study suggests that the political parties would not conduct these types of political events that cause the spread of the virus, especially when it is considered a worldwide pandemic. The study would be both socially and politically beneficial for the organizations and groups to learn how a pandemic may affect the masses if precautionary measures are not followed adequately. The Originality of the Study: According to the researchers' best knowledge, the research gap of the present study is contemporary and innovative, i.e., integrating the conceptual model of political discourse with political events.

scholarly journals Fake and Real News detection Using Python

2020 ◽  
pp. 423-428
Author(s):  
Fakhra Akhtar ◽  
Faizan Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Fake News ◽  
False Information ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Negative Attributes ◽  
Entire Dataset ◽  
F Measure

<p>In the digital age, fake news has become a well-known phenomenon. The spread of false evidence is often used to confuse mainstream media and political opponents, and can lead to social media wars, hatred arguments and debates.Fake news is blurring the distinction between real and false information, and is often spread on social media resulting in negative views and opinions. Earlier Research describe the fact that false propaganda is used to create false stories on mainstream media in order to cause a revolt and tension among the masses The digital rights foundation DRF report, which builds on the experiences of 152 journalists and activists in Pakistan, presents that more than 88 % of the participants find social media platforms as the worst source for information, with Facebook being the absolute worst. The dataset used in this paper relates to Real and fake news detection. The objective of this paper is to determine the Accuracy , precision , of the entire dataset .The results are visualized in the form of graphs and the analysis was done using python. The results showed the fact that the dataset holds 95% of the accuracy. The number of actual predicted cases were 296. Results of this paper reveals that The accuracy of the model dataset is 95.26 % the precision results 95.79 % whereas recall and F-Measure shows 94.56% and 95.17% accuracy respectively.Whereas in predicted models there are 296 positive attributes , 308 negative attributes 17 false positives and 13 false negatives. This research recommends that authenticity of news should be analysed first instead of drafting an opinion, sharing fake news or false information is considered unethical journalists and news consumers both should act responsibly while sharing any news.</p>

Voice Change in Pop Culture

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-132
Author(s):  
Bridget Sweet
Keyword(s):  
Pop Culture ◽  
Music Educators ◽  
Television Series ◽  
Voice Change ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Music Television ◽  
Adolescent Voice ◽  
Popular Television ◽  
The Way

The chapter discusses the way popular understanding and misunderstanding of voice change is largely perpetuated by mainstream media. Portrayals of voice change distributed via music, television, and movies have contributed to a simulacrum of adolescent voice change, a situated reality not based in fact but accepted in pop culture. The generally embraced perception of voice change is that it is a time of humiliation, anxiety, turmoil, and dread. Voice change is not always pleasant, but students and music educators perceive and approach the experience with such angst and trepidation well before it begins that is rarely given the opportunity to be something positive or exciting. The chapter examines and distills episodes of The Brady Bunch, The Wonder Years, and The Goldbergs, popular television series that spanned a period of more than 40 years, each with an episode focused on the adolescent changing voice.

scholarly journals Age- and Sex-Specific Pediatric Reference Intervals of Serum Electrolytes in Jilin Province of China Using the A Priori Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (5) ◽  
pp. 708-720
Author(s):  
Xuetong Zhu ◽  
Kaijin Wang ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Wenjia Guo ◽  
Yanan Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Pediatric Diseases ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to establish age- and sex-specific pediatric reference intervals of serum potassium (K), sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and phosphorus (P) using a direct sampling technique. Methods In accordance with the a priori approach, healthy individuals (n = 6,466, aged 1 month to &lt;18 years) were enrolled from five regions in Jilin Province, China, and all analytes were performed in the center laboratory. Reference intervals were divided according to the regression tree and Harris and Boyd’s method, and then they were calculated by the nonparametric rank method. The dynamic changes of reference intervals were evaluated by the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method. Results Reference intervals of serum Na and Ca were divided into three age-specific partitions. The concentrations of K, Cl, and Mg remained stable with age. However, only dramatic sex-specific changes of P were shown in those 11 to less than 13 years old and 13 to less than 15 years old, with an earlier peak time in females than in males. The correlation between Na and Cl was the strongest among all serum electrolytes (r = 0.31). Conclusions Serum electrolyte reference intervals for children and adolescents were established by regression tree, z test, and the LMS method, which provide a more accurate interpretation for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of clinical pediatric diseases.

Cardinal Mazarin’s Breviary of politics: Exploring parallelisms between the Baroque and public relations in a post-truth society

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-310
Author(s):  
César García
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Communication Management ◽  
Louis Xiv ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Chief Minister ◽  
Baroque Art ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Baroque Era ◽  
The Masses

This article suggests we live in a neo-Baroque era of communication between organizations and publics. The 17th and 18th centuries are particularly rich in literature about the importance of building a reputation to get and retain power. These authors consider communication management, a key factor in how monarchs, princes, and governments must relate to their constituencies to make their power sustainable. A chief minister to the French kings Louis XIII and Louis XIV, Cardinal Mazarin’s Breviary of Politics offers a solid representation of Baroque thought on communication and power. A critical analysis of his book shows that many of the elements associated with Baroque art, a style born with a propagandistic purpose that appeals to irrationality and primary emotions through a combination of dramatic visual elements, could be found to have profound resemblances with the way public relations is practiced in our current post-truth era. This era shows how communication managers and leaders have been able to reach their objectives by being irrational, thanks to the echo chamber provided by both social media and mainstream media with their multiplicity of truths, where a community of like-minded individuals, sort of a correlate of the ‘believers’ in the Baroque period, are looking to confirm their preconceptions. The resemblances between Mazarin and Baroque’s simulation art, privileging appearances, the visual and emotional over facts, squares surprisingly well with how recent or current leaders such as Donald J. Trump, Boris Johnson or George W. Bush connect with the masses. Perhaps these political leaders are being irrational, but there is a rationality in using irrationality to their advantage.

scholarly journals Histori Filantropi: Tinjauan Teori Postmodern

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Aris Puji Purwatiningsih ◽  
Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Postmodern Theory ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Needy

<p><em><span lang="IN"><span style="font-size: medium;">Postmodern is a breeding effort, epistemological innovation, so anthropology becomes more adaptive and productive. This can be demonstrated through the application of his theory in practice and philanthropy models. This paper aims to describe the history of philanthropy in terms of the perspective of postmodern theory. The results of the literature review indicate that at first the emergence of the philanthropy movement was the way of the rulers of the time to maintain the stability of public security by providing assistance to the community, but in the postmodern period turned into non-profit social institutions or institutions that serve as mediators of donors to the needy. Philanthropy, initially only in the form of goods aimed at relieving and meeting the needs of a deficient society, in the postmodern era can develop into donor body parts, smiles and even empathy can be referred to as philanthropy. Alms that were originally human goods, the postmodern expanded that spread the science, moving the masses can also be called philanthropy.</span></span></em></p>

scholarly journals Informal Financial Institution and Sustainable Development Goal of Poverty Reduction in Kogi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Oluwoyo, J. Temidayo ◽  
Audu Peter
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Masses

Among the various SDGs, Poverty reduction which is the foremost goal is fundamental, strategic and crucial to the achievement of the other goals in which can be achieved among other ways with an efficient, effective, diverse, indigenous and innovative financial market. With a dualised financial market inherent in Nigerian economy as obtainable in most developing countries, the study seeks to study the role of the informal financial institution on the sustainable goal of poverty reduction in Nigeria with particular reference to Kogi State using the Moneylender theory as its theoretical Framework. The study sampled 600 respondents using stratified sampling technique carried out by dividing the population into 3 subsets based on the senatorial districts ( East, West, Central) 4 local government areas are randomly selected from each of the senatorial districts, 10 wards were selected from each of the local government area to give a total of 120 stratum. 10 respondents were selected from each of the wards  concluded whose response was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Ordinary Least square hence the result showed that Non financial institution is a potential voyage toward the actualization of the Sustainable goal of poverty reduction in Kogi state, Nigeria and recommended that  Institutional and legal framework be structured to enable non financial institution to perform the role of money lender while serving as intermediary between the complex financial institution and the unorganised low income earners alias the  masses and those in the social recesses of the society.

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