The Role of Peace Process in Mitigating the Trust-Deficit in Pak-Afghan Bilateral Relations

The history of Pak-Afghan relations is dominated more by conflicts then by cooperation since emergence of Pakistan. In the ongoing pattern of peace process, it is proposed that Pakistan should pave the way to bring the Taliban on negotiation table for peace and stability in Afghanistan. The recent steps taken in the form of different Confidence Building Measures show flurry of diplomatic relationship in the emerging cordiality between the two countries. Diverse civil society groups of Pakistan are of the view that the drawdown of US forces from Afghanistan will ultimately create a power vacuum and plunge the country again into yet another civil war. Pakistan’s efforts to use its influence to bring the Taliban on table talk will smooth the way for peace, stability and prosperity of Afghanistan as well as security of the entire region. Keeping in view the geographical proximity of the two countries, Pakistan’s own vital interests are attached to peace and stability in Afghanistan. Pakistan took cognizance of this very fact and played highly constructive role in facilitating dialogue process in Afghanistan and improving bilateral ties of the two countries.

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CONFIDENCE BUILDING MEASURES AND EVOLUTION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND INDIA

10.31124/advance.12623564 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Waqas haider

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Framework ◽

Mutual Trust ◽

Bilateral Relations ◽

British Rule ◽

History Of ◽

The Way

This essay aims to critically analyse the role of Confidence Building Measures in the evolution of relations between Pakistan and India. The essay begins with an overview of the relations/conflicts and a brief history of diplomatic engagements between the two countries since independence from the British rule in 1947. Then the essay attempts to explain the theoretical framework of Confidence Building Measures by analysing the strengths and weaknesses of the CBMs approach. The essay proceeds further to analyse the significant Confidence Building Initiatives between the two countries in various domains of bilateral relations. Subsequently, the essay attempts to identify the spoilers in the relations between the two countries. After identifying the spoilers, the essay suggests the way forward for resolving conflicts and ensuring peace and stability in the region. Finally, the essay concludes by highlighting the role of CBMs to create an environment of mutual trust and cooperation.

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CONFIDENCE BUILDING MEASURES AND EVOLUTION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND INDIA

10.31124/advance.12623564.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Waqas haider

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Framework ◽

Mutual Trust ◽

Bilateral Relations ◽

British Rule ◽

History Of ◽

The Way

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A New Regional Approach toward the Israeli–Palestinian Peace Process

Contemporary Review of the Middle East ◽

10.1177/2347798918795938 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 387-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sherif A. Eissa

Keyword(s):

Peace Process ◽

The Other ◽

Peace Agreement ◽

Regional Approach ◽

Oslo Accords ◽

External Partner ◽

The Way

There are two principal reasons behind the lack of success in reaching a final peace agreement between the Israelis and the Palestinians, namely, the malfunctioning negotiations’ framework from one side and the complexity of the negotiated issues from the other. This article is mainly addressing the bilateral framework’s flaws when it comes to the Oslo accords and the way the two negotiating parties have perceived them. It is an attempt to overhaul the existing Oslo peace process and not to create a new one. Oslo process has become entrenched over more than twenty years of different practices and legal realities. The article is also introducing a negotiating framework that combines the benefits of a multilateral regional track to the Oslo process aiming to redress the latent structural flaws. It is intended not to tackle the final status issues, as there is a plethora of literature doing so. The extensive focus on those complicated issues without redressing the process’ structural flaws has led partially to the current stalemate. The role of any mediator or external partner is not to solve those issues on behalf of the principal parties, but to work on the negotiating framework and the process itself.

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The Special Apparatus (al-Niẓām al-Khāṣṣ): The Rise of Nationalist Militancy in the Ranks of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood

Religions ◽

10.3390/rel13010077 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

Ahmed Abou El Zalaf

Keyword(s):

Political Violence ◽

Systematic Study ◽

Muslim Brotherhood ◽

British Colonization ◽

Special Apparatus ◽

Depth Study ◽

History Of ◽

Shed Light ◽

The Way

Existing scholarship has largely focused on the role of Sayyid Qutb’s ideas when analyzing the Muslim Brotherhood’s violent history. Perceiving Qutb’s ideas as paving the way for radical interpretations of jihad, many studies linked the Brotherhood’s violent history with this key ideologue. Yet, in so doing, many studies overlooked the importance of the Special Apparatus in shaping this violent history of the Brotherhood, long before Qutb joined the organization. Through an in-depth study of memoires and accounts penned by Brotherhood members and leaders, and a systematic study of British and American intelligence sources, I attempt to shed light on this understudied formation of the Brotherhood, the Special Apparatus. This paper looks at the development of anti-colonial militancy in Egypt, particularly the part played by the Brotherhood until 1954. It contends that political violence, in the context of British colonization, antedated the Brotherhood’s foundation, and was in some instances considered as a legitimate and even distinguished duty among anti-colonial factions. The application of violence was on no account a part of the Brotherhood’s core strategy, but the organization, nevertheless, established an armed and secret wing tasked with the fulfillment of what a segment of its members perceived as the duty of anti-colonial jihad.

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The Role of Theory

The Art of Social Theory ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691155227.003.0009 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Richard Swedberg

Keyword(s):

Social Science ◽

Social Theory ◽

Types Of Knowledge ◽

History Of ◽

The Way

This chapter looks at the role of theory in theorizing. Knowing theory, in order to be good at theorizing in social science, is not the same as having a knowledge of the history of social theory. It is true that it is helpful to have some of the skills of an intellectual historian when one tries to figure out what a concept means, why a theory looks the way it does today, and similar issues. However, this is not the kind of knowledge that one basically needs to have in order to be good at theorizing. The two types of knowledge that are needed in order to theorize well are knowledge of the basics of social theory and knowledge of a number of concepts, mechanisms, and theories.

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Veronicas and Artists

Breaking Resemblance ◽

10.5422/fordham/9780823274475.003.0002 ◽

2017 ◽

Keyword(s):

Contemporary Art ◽

Religious Images ◽

The Public ◽

The Past ◽

History Of Art ◽

The Status ◽

History Of ◽

The Way ◽

Contemporary Artists

Chapter One deals with several central issues with regard to understanding the role of religious motifs in contemporary art. Besides being a repetition of imagery from the past, religious motifs embedded in contemporary artworks become a means to problematise not only the way different periods in the history of art are delimited, but larger and seemingly more rigid distinctions as those between art and non-art images. Early religious images differ significantly from art images. The two types are regulated according to different sets of rules related to the conditions of their production, display, appreciation and the way images are invested with the status of being true or authentic instances of art or sacred images. Chapter One provides a discussion of the important motif of the image not made by an artist’s hand, or acheiropoietos, and its survival and transformation, including its traces in contemporary image-making practices. All images are the result of human making; they are fictions. The way the conditions of these fictions are negotiated, or the way the role of the maker is brought to visibility, or concealed, is a defining feature of the specific regime of representation. While the cult image concealed its maker in order to maintain its public significance, and the later art image celebrated the artist as a re-inventor of the old image, contemporary artists cite religious images in order to reflect on the very procedures that produce the public significance and status of images.

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The Role of Building Materials in Architectural Design

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.679.6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 679 ◽

pp. 6-13

Author(s):

Hafedh Abed Yahya ◽

Muna Hanim Abdul Samad

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

Architectural Design ◽

Building Materials ◽

Historical Evolution ◽

Core Element ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Architecture ◽

Major Factors ◽

The Way

The argumentation of previous studies demonstrated the historical evolution of the materials in architecture and the position of the materials in the design process. The purpose is to recognize the role of materials in architectural design, and the materials are a core element of the design process. This paper is about the way materials can be used to create personality and character of the design. The research finds two overlapping roles for materials which are providing technical functionality and building personality. Thus building materials were one of the major factors for new innovation forms through the history of architecture. Keywords: Building Materials, Architectural Design, Technical Functionality, Aesthetic Attributes.

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Redefining the Role of Experiment in Bacon's Natural History: How Baconian was Descartes before Emerging from His Cocoon?

Early Science and Medicine ◽

10.1163/157338212x631828 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (1-2) ◽

pp. 158-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mădălina Giurgea ◽

Laura Georgescu

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Rene Descartes ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Francis Bacon ◽

René Descartes ◽

History Of ◽

The Way

AbstractIn this article we argue that the views that Francis Bacon and René Descartes held about the role of experiments in the process of discovery are closer than previously accepted. Looking at the way experiments and the heuristics of experimentation are embedded in Bacon's posthumous History of Dense and Rare and Descartes' Discourses 8, 9, 10 of the Meteorology, we will show that experiments help the investigator both in solving specific problems that could not have otherwise been foreseen and in generating relevant information that advances the scope of the investigation.

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History Repeating Itself. The function of turning points and continuity in three historical narratives on operetta

Nordic Theatre Studies ◽

10.7146/nts.v29i1.102970 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 102

Author(s):

Mikael Strömberg

Keyword(s):

Turning Points ◽

Source Material ◽

Historical Narrative ◽

Historical Narratives ◽

Complex Relationship ◽

Narrative Strategy ◽

The Past ◽

History Of ◽

The Way

The article’s primary aim is to discuss the function of turning points and continuity within historiography. That a historical narrative, produced at a certain time and place, influence the way the historian shapes and develops the argument is problematized by an emphasis on the complex relationship between turning points and continuity as colligatory concepts within an argumentative framework. Aided by a number of examples from three historical narratives on operetta, the article stresses the importance of creating new narratives about the past. Two specific examples from the history of operetta, the birth of the genre and the role of music, are used to illustrate the need to revise not only the use of source material and the narrative strategy used, but also how the argument proposed by the historian gathers strength. The interpretation of turning points and continuity as colligatory concepts illustrate the need to revise earlier historical narratives when trying to counteract the repetitiveness of history.

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Russia’s role in the official peace process in South Ossetia

Bulletin of Geography Socio-economic series ◽

10.2478/bog-2014-0004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (23) ◽

pp. 53-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tomáš Hoch ◽

Emil Souleimanov ◽

Tomáš Baranec

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Peace Process ◽

Turn Of The Millennium ◽

South Caucasus ◽

South Ossetia ◽

History Of ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Post War ◽

Second Chechen War

AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyse the role of Russia in the transformation of the Georgian-Ossetian conflict and analyse this important period in the history of the Caucasus, where Georgia and its secessionist region of South Ossetia have been trying to find a peaceful solution to their post-war situation. Major milestones of the official peace process are set in the context of Russian-Georgian relations. We then proceed to the analysis of the internal changes within the Russian Federation at the turn of the millennium and try to find a connection between this internal transformation of Russia and the transformation of the conflict in South Ossetia. The most important factors behind the more assertive approach by the Russian Federation towards Georgia in the last decade are considered: internal centralisation of power and economic growth of the Russian Federation, the reinforcement of the importance of the South Caucasus as part of the geopolitical discourse within the Russian Federation, the deterioration in Russian-Georgian relations, and the suppression of the fear of the spill-over effect since the end of Second Chechen War.

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