scholarly journals Marxism in Zakia Mashhadi's Death of an Insect

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (III) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Kaniz Fatima ◽  
Aadil Ahmed ◽  
Shahzeb Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Postcolonial Literature ◽  
World Englishes ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Vested Interests ◽  
The Rich

Poverty is the root cause of exploitation of the poor at the hands of the rich in the root structure of the society that leads the poor towards the state of self-pity. This study is an interlink between the domains of World Englishes, Freudo-Marxist Literature, Trauma Literature and Postcolonial Literature. The postcolonial context of the subcontinent amidst language appropriation is the major theme that witnesses the phenomenon of exploitation and poverty through the canvas of Freudo-Marxist Literature. The current study attempts to find Marxist themes, predominantly exploitation and poverty, from a short story Death of an Insect by Zakia Mashhadi. The textual qualitative method of analysis proceeds under the operational theoretical lens of Edgar W. Schneider and Karl Marx. The former deals with textual analysis through language appropriation, while the latter deals with thematic analysis through the behaviour of the bourgeoisie towards the proletariat, respectively. The study has found that the upper class, for their vested interests, even for the satisfaction of their ego, brutally exploit the poor working class, who have to suffer and bear all inhuman behaviour without any resistance. Thus, this continuous Vicious Circle of exploitation and poverty cause difficulties and hardships for the poor class.

scholarly journals Implementation of al-Ma’un Theology: The Movement of Muhammadiyah Educated Groups in Poverty Alleviation in Bulutellue Village, Sinjai Regency

INFERENSI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Syukur ◽  
Jumadi Jumadi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Ideal Condition ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
Education Group ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

In the concept of Islamic community development, welfare is an ideal condition for any social life. Efforts to create prosperity in Bulutellue Village also received attention from the Muhammadiyah education group. They invite the community, especially those from the rich to provide sustainable assistance to groups of the poor and orphans as a form of mainstreaming al-Ma’un theology. This study aims to describe the implementation of al-Ma’un theology in alleviating poverty in Bulutellue Village, Sinjai Regency. This study employed a qualitative method. The data were collected through observation and interviews. The results indicate that al-Ma’un theology was introduced by the educated group of Muhammadiyah Higher Education to the community of Bulutellue Village. This doctrine is accepted and implemented by the community in this village even though they are not registered as official members of the Muhammadiyah organization as an effort to make their income a way of gaining happiness and getting blessings from Allah SWT towards mutual benefit.

scholarly journals लेखनाथका कवितामा नियति [Destiny in Lekhnath's Poetry]

NUTA Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
नेत्रप्रसाद न्यौपाने
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Eastern Philosophy ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Previous Birth ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Basic Beliefs

नियतिभन्दा बाहिर जीवनचक्र सम्भव छैन । भाग्य कुनै पनि प्राणीको नियन्त्रणमा हुँदैन । जीवनचक्रको मूल कारण प्रारब्धको परिणाम हो । प्रारब्धको कर्मको फल नभइदिएको भए सबैको एकैखाले उन्नति हुने थियो । प्रकृति आफै स्वतन्त्र छ तर पनि प्राकृतिक नियम विपरीत प्रकृतिका पदार्थहरू पनि सञ्चालित छैनन् । तातो भएपछि हिउँ पग्लिनु प्राकृतिक नियम हो । मानिसहरूमा आइपर्ने अनेकौँ कठिनाइहरू पनि मानिसले आफै सिर्जना गरेका होइनन् । ती पूर्वजन्ममा गरिएका कर्मफलहरू हुन् ।  जीवन मानिसले सोचेजस्तो बन्न सक्दैन । प्रकृतिजगत् होस् अथवा नियतिजगत् दुवैलाई कार्यकारणको शृङ्खलामा जोड्ने तŒव दैव वा विधि हो । प्रकृतिमा परिवर्तन देखापर्नु प्रकृतिजगत्को नियति हो । विधि वा भाग्यले राजालाई मगन्ते र मगन्तेलाई राजा तथा धनीलाई निर्धन र निर्धनलाई धनी बनाइदिन्छ । नियतिले ललाटमा जस्तो गति दिएको छ त्यसलाई बदल्न सकिँदैन । दैव वा भाग्यले जे खटाउँछ त्यसैमा सन्तोष गरेर बस्नु नै उत्तम हुन्छ । नियतिका अगाडि बुद्धिले समेत काम गर्न सक्दैन । पूर्वीय दर्शनले स्वीकारेका यिनै आधारभूत मान्यताहरूलाई पृष्ठभूमि बनाएर प्रस्तुत लेख तयार पारिएको छ । [Life cycle is not possible outside of destiny. Fate is not under the control of any creature. The root cause of the life cycle is the result of destiny. Had it not been for the fruit of the deeds of destiny, everyone would have prospered equally. Nature itself is independent, but even the substances of nature do not operate contrary to the laws of nature. It is a natural law for snow to melt when it is hot. Many of the difficulties people face are not man-made. These are karma fruits done in the previous birth. Life cannot be what man thinks it is. God or method is the element that connects both the natural world and the destiny world in the chain of causation. It is the destiny of the natural world to see change in nature. Method or destiny makes the king the beggar and the beggar the king and the rich the poor and the poor the rich. The speed that destiny has given to the forehead cannot be changed. It is best to live contentedly with what God or destiny dictates. Even intellect cannot work before destiny. This article is based on these basic beliefs accepted by Eastern philosophy.]

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONFLIK SOSIAL DALAM CERPEN “KETIKA CINTA TAK DIRESTUI” KARYA TARJOYO (TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Yuti Mahrita
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstrak: Konflik merupakan pertentangan atau perbedaan antara dua orang atau kelompok.  Konflik politik terbentuk karena adanya penguasa politik.  Kekuasaan politik mempunyai cirri-ciri masyarakat secara keseluruhan sebagai objeknya. Konflik merupakan bagian kehidupan sosial, konflik sosial di latarbelakangi  oleh perbedaan ciri-ciri yang  dibawa individu dalam suatu interaksi. Konflik sosial yang terkandung dalam cerpen “Ketika Cinta Tak Direstui” karya Tarjoyo mengacu pada konflik eksternal khususnya pada konflik sosial.  Mulanya konflik ini terjadi karena adanya pertentangan antara keluarga Risky yang kaya raya dan keluarga Nana yang miskin.  Karena adanya perebedaan status sosial yang menghalangi cinta Nana dan risky yang membuat orang tua Risky tidak merestui Nana untuk mendampingi Risky.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif  kualitatif.  Data yang dihasilkan berupa kata-kata dalam bentuk kutipan-kutipan.Kata kunci: Konflik, konflik sosial, sastra, masyarakat,kekuasaan. Abstract: Conflict is dispute or contradiction between two or more people. Political conflict happened because there was political power. The character of political power is society as the object. Conflict is a part of social life which is happened because the difference of characters brought by individual when he/she has interaction. Social conflict in this short story “Ketika Cinta Tak Direstui” by Tarjoyo refers to external conflict especially social conflict. At first this conflict happens because there is contradiction of social status and social class between Rizky, the rich and Nana, the poor. Because of this status there is barrier between their love, Rizky and Nana, it makes Rizky’s parent doesn’t bless Nana to live with Rizky.This study uses qualitative descriptive method. The data are in the form of words and quotes.Key words: Conflict, political and sosial conflict, literature, society, power.

Heroism As Portrayed in Henry Gilbert’s Novel Robin Hooda and Rizki Ridyasmara’s Novel Pitung: A Comparative Literature Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-651
Author(s):  
Dita Refieta
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Robin Hood ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This thesis contains a study of comparative literature which involves two novels of different nations with similar motifs; heroism. The purpose of this study is to find out how heroism in the two novels and find the similarities and differences regarding the thirteen central features of the hero possessed by the leading character. The leading characters, Robin Hood and Pitung are the heroes who concern for other people in need, through their actions by stealing from the rich to give to the poor. The study also involves looking at the intrinsic elements to look at the similarities and differences found in the two novels. In completing the analysis, the writer uses the descriptive qualitative method which represents all the data in the forms of words and sentences. The writer collects data from various sources, including the novels Robin Hood by Henry Gilbert, Pitung by Rizki Ridyasmara, relevant books, articles, and journals to support the analysis. Based on the analysis it concluded that the novels show similarities and differences regarding the central features of the hero that is possessed by the two leading characters of both literary works. Robin Hood shows braver as physically act while Pitung shows more courage as mentally active.

scholarly journals FENOMENA MANAJEMEN ZAKAT FITRAH DI DESA MOLALAHU KECAMATAN PULUBALA KABUPATEN GORONTALO

2021 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dian Adi Perdana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Is Management ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Village Government ◽  
The Village

Abstrak Realisasi zakat fitrah selalu berjalan di bulan Ramadhan setiap tahun, yang hal ini merupakan kewajiban serorang muslim tanpa memandang agama, suku dan ras dari mana dia berasal. Zakat menjadi salah satu pondasi Islam yang tercantum dalam Rukun Islam yakni ketiga, yang dengan ini tanpa terkecuali wajib dilaksanakan dengan aturan dan syariat yang telah ditentukan dalam Islam. Zakat fitrah menjadi penolong bagi mereka yang tergolong dalam 8 asnaf, sebagai sumber kebahagiaan dalam menyambut hari raya Idul Fitri. Indonesia sebagai negara berpenduduk muslim terbesar di dunia telah menjadi contoh dalam mengimplementasikan pengelolaan zakat fitrah sebagai upaya dalam pengentasan kemiskinan dan pembatas antara si kaya dan si miskin, sehingga setiap orang dapat merasakan rejeki yang telah dititipkan walau melalui orang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran fenomena pengelolaan zakat di desa Molalahu, Kecamatan Pulubala, Kabupaten Gorontalo yang dilaksanakan di masa pandemi covid-19 ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan melihat fakta-fakta sosial, dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yakni observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang telah diperoleh, kemudian dianalisa agar dapat disajikan berupa kesimpulan yang optimal. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa di desa Molalahu terdapat pengelolaan yang tidak terinduk di pemerintah desa dan didapati perbedaan pendistribusian zakat fitrah ke pada mustahik di salah satu dusun. Kata Kunci: Fenomena Sosial, Manajemen, Zakat Fitrah Abstract The realization of zakat fitrah always runs in the month of Ramadan every year, which is the obligation of a Muslim regardless of religion, ethnicity and race where he comes from. Zakat is one of the Islamic foundations listed in the three pillars of Islam, which hereby, without exception, must be carried out according to the rules and sharia prescribed in Islam. Zakat fitrah is a helper for those who belong to the 8 asnaf, as a source of happiness in welcoming Eid al-Fitr. Indonesia as the country with the largest Muslim population in the world has become an example in implementing the management of zakat fitrah as an effort to alleviate poverty and limit the rich and the poor, so that everyone can feel the fortune that has been deposited even though through other people. This study aims to describe the phenomenon of zakat management in Molalahu Village, Pulubala District, Gorontalo Regency which was carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses descriptive qualitative method by looking at social facts, using data collection techniques namely observation, interviews and documentation. The data that has been obtained are then analyzed so that they can be presented in the form of optimal conclusions. The results of this study show that in the village of Molalahu there is management that is not registered in the village government and there is a difference in the distribution of zakat fitrah to mustahik in one of the hamlets. Keywords: Social Phenomenon, Management, Zakat Fitrah

scholarly journals Exploring Marxist Perspective Amidst Exploitation and False Consciousness in Hosain’s The Old Man

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hamzah Masood ◽  
Shahzeb Shafi
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
False Consciousness ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Descriptive Method

History has witnessed the exploitation of working class at the hands of ruling class since the very beginning of mankind. This exploitation has always led the poor to the state of false consciousness. Karl Marx has pointed out this social injustice in his theory. This research is an attempt to find Marxist elements of exploitation and false consciousness in the short story The Old Man by Attia Hosain, which is written in the context of subcontinent. Current study has incorporated the textual method of analysis through the lens of the proposition of Karl Marx about the behaviour of the bourgeoisie towards the proletariat. The study is qualitative in nature where descriptive method of textual analysis is utilized to look for and examine the instances of exploitation and false consciousness. The major finding of research depicts that the upper class has always exploited the poor and the poor who have false consciousness bear all inhumane behaviour without any resistance. Thus, it is the view that exploitation and false consciousness pose difficulties and hardships for the poor class.

Editor's Note

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. i-iii
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Good Education ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

In this election year, 2004, people are grappling with the various forces that make up these United States. What forces encourage inclusion and which exclusion? Who is to be included and who excluded? Is this to be a country with wide discrepancies between the rich and the poor? Is this to be a country where public education is poorly funded and a good education depends upon private resources? Are we going to forget that discrimination on the basis of gender, race, ethnic origin, and economic status still exists and needs to be perpetually, vigilantly addressed? There is a deep division in the country over the proper and fair use of our resources that constitutes concern in all our citizens

M. V. Nadkarni. Farmer's Movements in India. New Delhi: Allied Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 1987.237 pp.,Price: (hardbound edition) Rupees (Indian) 100.00.

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-335
Author(s):  
Khwaja Sarmad
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Land Holdings ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Agricultural Price

This book is a comprehensive analysis of farmers' movements in India with a focus on the movements in Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Punjab and Karnatka. It examines the economic, social and political aspects of the farmers' struggle for a better deal within regional and national perspectives and evaluates the potential impact of these struggles on economic development in general, and on rural development, in particular. In a most competent way the author has presented the current state of the debate on the subject. He deals exhaustively with the subject of agricultural price policy and argues against the proposition that favourable price-setting for farm products is adequate to alleviate rural poverty. A better way to tackle this problem is to improve the per capita output in the rural sector, since the root cause of the problem is not unfavourable terms of trade but the increasing proportion of land holdings, which are economically not viable. Agricultural price policy is analyzed within the context of class relations, which enables to establish a link between the economic and political demands of the farmers. This analysis leads the author to conclude, that in contrast with the peasants' movements in India, which helped to break up the feudal agrarian set-up, the recent farmers' movements, with a few exceptions, have little revolutionary content. Their leadership has been appropriated by the rich landowners, who have transformed the movements into a lobby for advancing their own interests, within the existing power structure, to the neglect of the poorer peasantry.

A Final Muse

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wendell Moller
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

Why are kings without pity for their subjects? Because they count on never being common human beings. Why are the rich so hard toward the poor? It is because they have no fear of being poor. . . .—Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Émile; or, On Education1In Shakespeare’s ...

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