scholarly journals Independent segregation of qualitative traits and estimation of genetic parameters and gene action for some quantitative traits in guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Raj Mahla ◽  
Ramavtar Sharma ◽  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
Kishor Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Leaf Hairiness

Current study was undertaken to elucidate the inheritance qualitative traits namely, flower colour and leaf hairiness in two F2 populations comprising of 194 and 99 individuals with reference to yield and agronomic traits along with genetic parameters. The violet colour of flowers and leaf hairiness were dominant over white flower and smooth leaves, respectively. The 2-test revealed independent single gene inheritance for both the traits with joint segregation ratio of 9:3:3:1 in F2. Except for no. of pods per cluster and pods per plant, both parents (Smooth 25 and HG2-20) exhibited significant (p less then 0.05) differences for traits under investigation. A higher estimate of phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) than genonotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) was recorded for all the characters except test weight and clusters on branches. The heritability ranged from 24.36% (seeds per pod) to 92.32% (clusters on branches). Gene action as per skewness indicated that both duplicate and complementary interactions were playing role in the development of various traits, whereas, inheritance analysis as per kurtosis suggested that traits were oligogenic. Eventually, it can be concluded that high GCV, appearance of transgressive segregants and involvement of fewer major genes in defining the quantitative traits including yield, provided an opportunity for their genetic improvement.

scholarly journals Principal Component Analysis of Some Quantitative and Qualitative Traits in Iranian Spinach Landraces

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mohebodini ◽  
Naser Sabaghnia ◽  
Farhad Behtash ◽  
Mohsen Janmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Eigen Values

Abstract Landraces of spinach in Iran have not been sufficiently characterised for their morpho-agronomic traits. Such characterisation would be helpful in the development of new genetically improved cultivars. In this study 54 spinach accessions collected from the major spinach growing areas of Iran were evaluated to determine their phenotypic diversity profile of spinach genotypes on the basis of 10 quantitative and 9 qualitative morpho-agronomic traits. High coefficients of variation were recorded in some quantitative traits (dry yield and leaf area) and all of the qualitative traits. Using principal component analysis, the first four principal components with eigen-values more than 1 contributed 87% of the variability among accessions for quantitative traits, whereas the first four principal components with eigen-values more than 0.8 contributed 79% of the variability among accessions for qualitative traits. The most important relations observed on the first two principal components were a strong positive association between leaf width and petiole length; between leaf length and leaf numbers in flowering; and among fresh yield, dry yield and petiole diameter; a near zero correlation between days to flowering with leaf width and petiole length. Prickly seeds, high percentage of female plants, smooth leaf texture, high numbers of leaves at flowering, greygreen leaves, erect petiole attitude and long petiole length are important characters for spinach breeding programmes.

scholarly journals GENE ACTION AND SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR GRAIN YIELD, ITS COMPONENTS AND GROWTH TRAITS OF CORN IN FULL DIALLEL CROSS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Salih Hadi Farhood AL- Salim ◽  
Dheya P. Yousif ◽  
Mahdi S. M. Alzrgani ◽  
Abbas Lateef Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Fixed Model ◽  
Female Flowering

The objective of this study was to quantify gene action and some genetic parameters for grain yield, its components and other traits of six varietal hybrids and its parents (AM-145 (A), AM-153 (B) and AM-200 (C) obtained from Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq). All hybrids and their parental entries in full diallel cross were tested at Al-Gharraf suburb, 25 Km north of Al-Nasyria City, Iraq during fall 2013 in RCBD with three replications according to Griffing's fixed model, method for grain yield, its components and other agronomic traits. Gene action, general and specific combining abilities and broad and narrow sense heritability were estimated. Results showed significant differences among entries for almost all traits except ears/plant, and kernels weight. In addition to GCA and SCA significant variances, GCA variances were more important than SCA variances for all traits except ears/plant, which resulting the more importance of the additive genetic effects. SCA variances suggesting the importance the effects of non-additive effects for ears/plant which demonstrating entries could produce prolificacy plants. Additive genetic variances reflect its importance for all traits except female flowering and grain yield/plant. In general, the dominance degree average for all traits except grain yield/plant showed the over dominant effect and the narrow sense heritability ranged between 0.44-0.64 for female flowering and grain yield, respectively. Grain yield/plant ranged between 97.54- 68.44 g for B x A and C x B, respectively. Cytoplasmic heredity revealed its importance studying for all traits and 2GCA/SCA estimates ranged between 1.86 and 35.9 for ears/plant and female flowering, respectively. 

scholarly journals GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE TRAITS AMONG PROGENIES OF ENSET CLONES ORIGINATED FROM SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Abraham Bosha ◽  
Mesfin Kebede Gessese
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Wild Progenitors ◽  
Better Than

<p>The present cultivated enset (<em>Ensete ventricosum</em>) clonal landraces in Ethiopia originated from few wild progenitors. However, enset has a mixed mode of reproduction in which, the wild enset reproduces sexually through seeds, while cultivated enset is generally propagated vegetatively. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic structure of enset cultivars through genetic analysis of qualitative morphological traits and estimate their genetic variability by evaluating the quantitative agronomic traits data generated from progenies of cultivated and wild enset genotypes. Hence, seeds collected from six cultivated and four wild enset genotypes were used for this study. Data on four qualitative and six quantitative morphological traits were recorded from the progenies of the 10 enset genotypes. Progenies of seven enset genotypes segregated in a 3:1 segregation ratio while progenies of the remaining genotypes segregated differently for the qualitative traits considered. With regard to the quantitative traits, the progenies of the 10 enset genotypes differed significantly for five of the six traits except pseudostem length. The cultivated clones, in general performed better than that of the wild types. Moderate heritability (h2b) estimates and high genetic advances were obtained for leaf length (0.38, 62.0%), pseudostem circumference (0.35, 78.5%), and plant height (0.30, 19.1%) indicating selection for these traits indirectly improves economic yield of enset clones. This study demonstrated the possibility of creating genetic variation through selfing the existing enset genotypes for traits of interest and making improvements either through selection or crossing the elite types to develop novel enset cultivars.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic Control and Heterosis of Quantitative Traits in Several Local Eggplant Genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndueso Michael AKPAN ◽  
Peter Ejimofor OGBONNA ◽  
Vincent Nduka ONYIA ◽  
Emeka Chibuzor OKECHUKWU ◽  
Ima-obong Ignatius DOMINIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Half Diallel

The present study was performed to assess the nature of gene action governing inheritance of agronomic traits in eggplant genotypes and extent of mid parent heterosis (MPH) and better parent heterosis (BPH) in six eggplant hybrids generated from four superior and optimally divergent genotypes of eggplant namely ‘Yalo’, ‘Uyo’, ‘K3’ and ‘Iyoyo’ selected from the germplasm and were crossed in 4×4 half diallel mating design. The six hybrids were found to show a significant (p< 0.05) positive MPH in yield traits and the highest was obtained in the hybrid ‘Yalo’ × ‘K3’ for number of fruits per plant (158.90%) and ‘K3’ × ‘Iyoyo’ for fruit yield per plant (63.14%) and fruit yield per hectare (62.20 %). The hybrid combinations ‘Yalo’ × ‘K3’ and ‘K3’ × ‘Iyoyo’ had significant positive BPH for the number of fruits per plant, 104.08% and 42.43%, respectively. For fruit yield per plant, the hybrid combination ‘Yalo’ × ‘K3’ (7.93%), ‘Uyo’ × ‘K3’ (8.48%) and ‘K3’ × ‘Iyoyo’ (12.26%) had significant positive BPH. However, the hybrid ‘K3’ × ‘Iyoyo’ (11.51%) showed significant positive BPH in fruit yield per hectare. Dominance and dominance × dominance gene effect were found to be positively higher in magnitude in all crosses for number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per hectare. The prevalence of dominance and dominance × dominance gene effect in the yield traits indicate heterosis breeding as the best breeding method to improve the productivity of eggplant.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Correlation among Agronomic Traits, and Genetic Progress in a Sugarcane Diversity Panel

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Fernanda Zatti Barreto ◽  
Thiago Willian Almeida Balsalobre ◽  
Roberto Giacomini Chapola ◽  
Antonio Augusto Franco Garcia ◽  
Anete Pereira Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Diversity Panel ◽  
Adjusted Means ◽  
Historical Series

Sugarcane breeding programs require 15 years of experimentation to create more productive cultivars, and estimates of genetic progress can indicate the efficiency of breeding programs. In this study, we used a diversity panel, the Brazilian Panel of Sugarcane Genotypes (BPSG), with the following objectives: (i) to estimate, through a mixed model, the adjusted means and genetic parameters of ten traits evaluated over three harvest years; (ii) to estimate genotypic correlation among those traits; and (iii) to estimate genetic progress over six decades of breeding. The heritabilities ranged from 0.43 to 0.88, and we detected 42 significant correlations, 9 negative and 33 positive. Over six decades, the sucrose-related traits BRIX, POL%C, and POL%J showed an average increase per decade of 0.27 °Brix (0.26% and 0.31%, respectively). Stalk number, height, and weight of the plot, and cane and sucrose yields revealed average increases per decade of 3.27 stalks, 0.06 m, 9.42 kg, 11.22 t/ha, and 2.08 t/ha, respectively. The genetic progress of the main agronomic traits is discussed through a historical series of sugarcane genotypes present in the BPSG. The findings of this study could contribute to the management of new breeding strategies and allow for future studies of associative mapping.

scholarly journals Agro-Morphological Characterization and Assessment of Variability in Aromatic Rice Germplasm

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Parikh ◽  
NK Motiramani ◽  
NK Rastogi ◽  
B Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Rice Germplasm ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Selection Of

The present studies were carried out to characterize seventy-one aromatic rice germplasm from IGKV, Raipur. These germplasm were characterized and grouped on the basis of anthocyanin pigmentation, plant habit, and awning character. On the basis of pigmentation distribution in 10 plant parts, a total of twelve groups were formed with group one having no pigmentation and group twelve with pigmentation in 9 plant parts. On the basis of plant habit and awning character, three groups of each were formed. The genetic parameters for the ten agronomic traits indicated that the selection of genotypes may be done for fertile spikelets per panicle, spikelet density, spikelet sterility percentage, and hundred seed weight. Thus, on the basis of above characters, the genotypes Tulsi Mala, Baanspati, Ganga Balu, Samund Chini, Tulsi Amrit, Dudh Dhan, Kari Gilas, Shankar Jeera, and Jata Shankar may be selected for future study. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11168 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(1): 1-8, March 2012

Selection of parents and estimation of genetic parameters using BLUP and molecular methods for lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) breeding program in Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Carolina Bermejo ◽  
Federico Cazzola ◽  
Fernando Maglia ◽  
Enrique Cointry
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
High Yields

AbstractThe most important objective of lentil breeding programs is to develop new genotypes that are genetically more productive. Besides, it is necessary that the varieties obtained have short flowering cycles to allow the later sowing of summer crops. Selection is based through phenotypic means; however, we argue it should be based on genetic or breeding values because quantitative traits are often influenced by environments and genotype–environment interactions. The objectives of this study were to: (i) identify genotypes with the highest merit; (ii) estimate genetic parameters to know the genetic control of morphological traits in macrosperma and microsperma lentil types using best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). Twenty-five recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from six F4 families selected on the basis of precocity and high yields were tested in four environments for important quantitative traits. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between genotypes, environments, and genotype–environment interactions for all the traits. Seven macrosperma- and two microsperma-type RILs were selected. Based on average ranking from breeding values and molecular data obtained with sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), the same genotypes were selected. Genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability across and by environment, and genetic correlation coefficients using BLUP were obtained. According to our results BLUP could replace molecular analysis methods because the selection process was simpler, more cost-effective, and more accurate. The breeding value of parents would give a better ranking of their genetic value than would their phenotypic value; therefore, the selection efficiency would be enhanced and the genetic gain would be more predictable. The selected genotypes could become potential commercial varieties or be used as parental lines in future hybridization programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document