scholarly journals Consumption of Vegetable Oils of Persea americana L., and Vitis vinifera L., as Part of Nutritional Support in Non-Communicable Diseases in the Population of the State of Oaxaca, Mexico: Pretest–Postest Intervention Study without Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Claudia Cecilia PAZOS-TOMAS ◽  
Iván Antonio GARCÍA-MONTALVO
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Colorado Burden of Disease, Injuries and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: A Sub-Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Jen Roux ◽  
David Rojas-Rueda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

(1) Background: Health disparities across the United States (U.S.) are increasing. Large variations in risk factors and health outcomes have been described among states from the U.S. (2) AIM. This study aims to describe health trends in morbidity, mortality, and risk factors from 1990 to 2019 in the State of Colorado. (3) Methods: We describe the measures of health loss for 286 causes of death, 369 diseases and injuries, and 87 risk factors for the state of Colorado from the Global Burden of Disease project estimates between 1990 to 2019. (4) Results: We found that 21,171 and 40,724 deaths were estimated in 1990 and 2019, respectively, in Colorado. The leading cause of death, in both sexes, in 1990 and 2019 was ischemic heart disease (IHD). The top leading disability-adjusted life years (DALY) diagnoses were IHD, followed by low back pain, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and opioid use disorder. In 2019, the top risk factors by DALYs in Colorado were smoking, drug use, high body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high systolic blood pressure. (5) Conclusion: Non-communicable diseases and their related risk factors are the top leading causes of DALYs in Colorado. Findings support the need for policies to prevent non-communicable diseases, with special attention to musculoskeletal disorders and interventions to reduce tobacco, alcohol, and drug use.

SELF-REPORTED MORBIDITY AND BURDEN OF DISEASE IN UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA: EVIDENCE FROM A NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEY AND THE MILLION DEATHS STUDY

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Yadav ◽  
Jitendra Gouda ◽  
F. Ram
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
National Level ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
National Sample Survey

SummaryUttar Pradesh is India’s most populous state with a population of 200 million. Any change in its fertility and mortality is bound to bring change at the national level. This study analysed the burden of disease in the state by calculating the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) for infectious and non-communicable diseases. Data were from two rounds (52ndand 60th) of the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) survey conducted in 1995–96 and 2004, respectively, and the Million Deaths Study (MDS) of 2001–03. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify the determinants of different types of self-reported morbidity and DALY. The results show that in Uttar Pradesh the prevalence of all selected self-reported infectious and non-communicable diseases increased over the study period from 1995 to 2004, and in most cases by more than two times. The highest observed increase in prevalence was in non-communicable diseases excluding CVDs, which increased from 7% in 1995 to 19% in 2004. The prevalence was higher for those aged 60 and above, females, those who were illiterate and rich across the time period and for all selected morbidities. The results were significant atp<0.001. The estimation of the DALY revealed that the burden of infectious diseases was higher during infancy, noticeably among males than females in 2002. However, females aged 1–5 years were more likely to report infectious diseases than corresponding males. The age distribution of the DALY indicated that individuals aged below 5 years and above 60 years were more susceptible to ill health. The growing incidence of non-communicable diseases, especially among the older generation, puts an additional burden on the health system in the state. Uttar Pradesh has to grapple with the unresolved problem of preventable infectious diseases on the one hand and the growth in non-communicable disease on the other.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the diet of school-age children and the incidence of gastrointestinal pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Author(s):  
T.V. Sorokman ◽  
P.M. Moldovan ◽  
O.V. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathology ◽  
Group I

Background. It is known that malnutrition significantly affects human life expectancy and leads to the emergence and development of non-communicable diseases. A balanced diet is a leading factor in the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases. The purpose was to investigate the state of actual nutrition, indicators of nutritional status and gastrointestinal morbidity in school-age children. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of secondary schools in Chernivtsi and MNPE “Chernivtsi Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital”. A questionnaire method was used with the compilation of individual menus and subsequent analysis of the chemical composition of diets in 162 students. Depending on the state of health, children were divided into groups: I (n = 90) — those with chronic gastrointestinal diseases, II (n = 44) — with functional gastrointestinal disorders, III (n = 28) — individuals without gastrointestinal pathology. Results. Chronic gastrointestinal pathology was diagnosed in 55.5 % of the exa­mined children, functional gastrointestinal diseases — in 27.2 %. The most common chronic pathology is chronic gastroduodenitis. The majority of the surveyed children did not follow the diet, namely 56.5 % of children violated the frequency of intake, 69.2 % did not adhere to the intervals between meals. Most of patients (59.2 %) eat 3–5 times a day, 29.1 % of them eat 3–4 times a day, 30.1 % eat 4–5 times, and 11.7 % less than three times a day. One third of children do not have breakfast at home, and 19.5 % do not have a second breakfast at school. The caloric value of daily diets is lower than the normative indicators, it averages 2,337.64 ± 65.16 kcal and is insufficiently provided by the main components: proteins by 12 %, fats by 25 % and carbohydrates by 63 %. Macro- and micronutrient deficiency is also registered in 53.1 % of children, especially of calcium, phosphorus, copper, zinc, and iodine. Children of groups II and III are less likely to eat fast food compared to those of group I (34.1 and 32.1 vs. 53.3 %, p < 0.05). Conclusions. The diet and nutrition of school-age children with gastrointestinal pathology does not meet hygienic requirements and not only does not provide primary prevention of non-communicable diseases, but, on the contrary, is a risk factor for the latter.

scholarly journals Role of nutritional support provided by qualified dietitians in the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Bednarczuk ◽  
Anna Czekajło-Kozłowska
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The role of dietitians is to counsel patients on special dietary modifications, develop dietary plans and provide dietary advice for healthy lifestyle in order to promote health and prevent disease. As lifestyle changes have become a primary reason for the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases in recent decades, it appears that nutritional therapy should play an important role in the multidisciplinary healthcare system. The aim of the review was to evaluate the role of nutritional support provided by dietitians in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in terms of its clinical and cost-effectiveness, according to their range of activity and qualifications. The evaluation was based on the review of the current literature. The costs of the treatment of non-communicable diseases encompass the costs of the treatment of the disease itself, costs of its complications and costs resulting from the decline of the productivity of patients. The results of studies indicate that nutritional support provides not only clinical but also cost benefits in the prevention and treatment of various non-communicable diseases. Every €1 spend on dietary counseling of patients with obesity or obesity-related diseases approximately returns a net €14 to €63 over a period of five years. Dietitians appear to be more effective in counseling overweight or obese patients with present risk factors compared to other specialists, however the barriers to accessing a qualified dietitian and problems with the reimbursement for services still exist. As adequate professional qualifications of dietitians appear to be an important factor determining the effectiveness of implemented dietary care, an additional training courses for dietitians and enhanced cooperation of hospitals and medical universities are needed.

scholarly journals Metabolic and psychological effects of increased consumption of less-processed foods in daily diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Nano ◽  
G Isoardo ◽  
G Migliaretti ◽  
S Ciullo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Aim This study evaluated whether the consumption of locally produced food without additives might have a positive effect on known risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension, and levels of fasting glucose and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Attention was focused on various types of cheese, sausages, fresh pasta, pastries, biscuits and chocolate without additives to make them palatable and durable for transport. Methods Healthy volunteers were randomized to purchase the foods under study from either local producers not using additives (group 1) or supermarkets (group 2). At baseline and after 6 months, both groups underwent evaluation for weight, blood pressure, VAT, serum sodium, potassium, fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide and creatinine levels, and also the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) by examiners blinded to group allocation. At baseline, the state part of the STAI and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV were also performed, and body mass index, HOMA index and estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated. Results Data for 159 subjects (89 in group 1, 70 in group 2) were analyzed. Baseline evaluations did not differ between groups. At 6 months, HOMA scores and fasting glucose levels were lower in group 1 than in group 2 (P &lt; 0.01). Also, in group 1, VAT (P = 0.006), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.001) and BDIII score (P = 0.0005) were decreased, whereas serum fasting glucose (P = 0.04) and C-peptide (P = 0.03) levels, and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.02), were increased in group 2. Conclusions Consumption of the locally produced food under study improved some of the major risk factors for NCDs after 6 months. Key messages We evaluate whether the consumption of locally produced food without additives might have a positive effect on known risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and psychological factors. Consumption of the locally produced food under study improved some of the major risk factors for NCDs and psychological test scores after 6 months.

scholarly journals United States Dietary Trends Since 1800: Lack of Association Between Saturated Fatty Acid Consumption and Non-communicable Diseases

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce H. Lee ◽  
Miranda Duster ◽  
Timothy Roberts ◽  
Orrin Devinsky
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Saturated Fats ◽  
Fat Consumption ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Public Data

We reviewed data on the American diet from 1800 to 2019.Methods: We examined food availability and estimated consumption data from 1808 to 2019 using historical sources from the federal government and additional public data sources.Results: Processed and ultra-processed foods increased from &lt;5 to &gt;60% of foods. Large increases occurred for sugar, white and whole wheat flour, rice, poultry, eggs, vegetable oils, dairy products, and fresh vegetables. Saturated fats from animal sources declined while polyunsaturated fats from vegetable oils rose. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) rose over the twentieth century in parallel with increased consumption of processed foods, including sugar, refined flour and rice, and vegetable oils. Saturated fats from animal sources were inversely correlated with the prevalence of NCDs.Conclusions: As observed from the food availability data, processed and ultra-processed foods dramatically increased over the past two centuries, especially sugar, white flour, white rice, vegetable oils, and ready-to-eat meals. These changes paralleled the rising incidence of NCDs, while animal fat consumption was inversely correlated.

Adipositasprävention und non-communicable diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 249-251
Author(s):  
M. Braun ◽  
J. Ried
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sich Eine ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health Assembly

ZusammenfassungDie 65. World Health Assembly hat die Bekämpfung nicht-übertragbarer Krankheiten in den Mittelpunkt globaler Aufmerksamkeit und Aktivität gerückt. Da Übergewicht bzw. Adipositas wesentliche Risikofaktoren für einen erheblichen Teil dieser Erkrankungen darstellen, kommt damit der Prävention (aber auch der Therapie) erhöhten Körpergewichtes in der Programmatik der WHO besondere Bedeutung zu. Gleichzeitig führen die hochgesteckten Ziele der WHO in das fundamentale Dilemma, dass es keine Instrumente gibt, die angestrebten Prävalenz- und Reduktionsraten im vorgegebenen Zeitrahmen zu erreichen. Daraus ergeben sich eine Reihe ethischer und sozialer Fragen, unter anderem nach dem zu Grunde gelegten Modell der Adipositas und den impliziten und expliziten Verantwortlichkeiten für ihre Bekämpfung.

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