scholarly journals United States Dietary Trends Since 1800: Lack of Association Between Saturated Fatty Acid Consumption and Non-communicable Diseases

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce H. Lee ◽  
Miranda Duster ◽  
Timothy Roberts ◽  
Orrin Devinsky
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Saturated Fats ◽  
Fat Consumption ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Public Data

We reviewed data on the American diet from 1800 to 2019.Methods: We examined food availability and estimated consumption data from 1808 to 2019 using historical sources from the federal government and additional public data sources.Results: Processed and ultra-processed foods increased from <5 to >60% of foods. Large increases occurred for sugar, white and whole wheat flour, rice, poultry, eggs, vegetable oils, dairy products, and fresh vegetables. Saturated fats from animal sources declined while polyunsaturated fats from vegetable oils rose. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) rose over the twentieth century in parallel with increased consumption of processed foods, including sugar, refined flour and rice, and vegetable oils. Saturated fats from animal sources were inversely correlated with the prevalence of NCDs.Conclusions: As observed from the food availability data, processed and ultra-processed foods dramatically increased over the past two centuries, especially sugar, white flour, white rice, vegetable oils, and ready-to-eat meals. These changes paralleled the rising incidence of NCDs, while animal fat consumption was inversely correlated.

31.E. Workshop: Food processing in the modern era: implication for public health

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
General Public ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Current scientific evidence and reports from governmental organizations agree that healthy nutrition represents a key factor to prevent death and disability from major nutrition-related chronic diseases. For many years, the essential goal of healthy dietary recommendations included eating nutrient dense foods and limiting consumption of foods high in energy (sugar, starch and/or fat) to maintain a healthy weight. However, the scientific community abandoned the more simplistic approach of energy balance between calorie in and out, shifting into investigation of the whole diet quality as main determinant of health. With development of new technologies and globalization of the markets, the food availability improved worldwide, often in spite of (nutritional) quality and loss of local products production/consumption. As a result, there is an industry-supported wide spread of “non-traditional” foods, including processed foods characterized by various ingredients, added sugars, and additives that are highly influencing consumers' behaviors and, only recently, questioned for their role on general public health. This workshop aims to provide insights on consumption of ultra-processed foods up to the extreme processing of dietary supplements and their use and misuse, emphasizing on their potential impact on traditional dietary patterns. The objectives of the present workshop are the following: To provide a science-based definition of processed and ultra-processed foods; To explore current evidence of the association between ultra-processed foods and risk of chronic non-communicable diseases and mortality; To explore current evidence of the association between dietary supplements and human health; To discuss whether introduction of non-traditional foods may affect the relation between traditional dietary patterns and health. Given the novelty of the topic, it is crucial to summarize current evidence from lead experts on this field of research and sharing opinions with the audience in light of the presented results. The conclusions might have crucial implications for potential policy and research outcomes. Key messages Uncontrolled consumption of ultra-processed foods and dietary supplements represent a potential threat for general public health. The inclusion of ultra-processed foods into traditional healthy dietary patterns may affect their efficacy in preventing chronic non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Reinventing the wheel? The harmonization between the SDGs and the UN documents for non-communicable diseases risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Gabriel Tasca ◽  
Roberta De Freitas Campos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
United Nations System ◽  
Nations System

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are one of the main challenges to the development and well-being of populations. Based on the documents issued by the United Nations system (FAO, ECOSOC, UNGA, and WHO), it is argued that the 2030 Agenda is partially harmonized with the recommendations of these organizations. This partial harmonization is explained through political coherence by illustrating explanatory vectors from 2005 to 2019 for products associated with NCDs risk factors: alcohol, pesticides, ultra-processed foods, and tobacco. 

scholarly journals Estimation of Salt Consumption from 24-hour Urine Collection in a Nepalese Population (P18-084-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Neupane ◽  
Megan Henry ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
Per Kallestrup ◽  
Bhagawan Koirala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Dietary Counseling ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives High salt (sodium chloride) intake is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Current consumption of salt in Nepal is unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate average salt intake in a Nepalese population from 24-hr urine collection in a population-based survey. Methods Participants (n = 499) were recruited from the Community-Based Management of Non-Communicable Diseases in Nepal (COBIN) cohort in the peri-urban area of Pokhara municipality from July to December 2018. The modified version of STEPS survey of non-communicable diseases (NCD) risk factors was administered. Salt intake was estimated from a single 24-hr urine collection. Multivariate linear regression was used to estimate differences in salt intake (g) associated with a variety of factors including demographics, lifestyle, health care, and health literacy. Results Mean (SD) age was 50.0 (9.7) years; mean salt intake was 13.0 (4.8) g/person/d. Male gender, younger age, and higher body mass index were significantly associated with higher salt intake (Table). Although 55% of respondents thought that they consumed just the right amount of salt, 96% were consuming more than the WHO-recommended level of less than 5 g/d. Almost half of the respondents reported that they consumed processed food containing high amounts of salt. In multivariate analyses, systolic blood pressure was 0.4 mmHg (95% CI: 0.05, 0.7) higher per 1-gram increase in salt intake. Conclusions Daily intake of salt in this Napalese population was over twice the WHO recommended upper limit, indicating a substantial need to reduce salt across the entire population. Community-based interventions for behavior modification through health education and dietary counseling may be effective in this population where salt is added during cooking. Still, interventions targeting the marketing, availability, and labeling of processed foods is also important, as intake of processed foods was also commonplace in Nepal. Funding Sources PHI through financial support from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA; Jayanti Memorial Trust (JMT), Nepal; Nepal Development Society (NEDS), Nepal. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Associations between Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Intake of Nutrients Related to Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (11) ◽  
pp. 1852-1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín A. Marrón-Ponce ◽  
Mario Flores ◽  
Gustavo Cediel ◽  
Carlos Augusto Monteiro ◽  
Carolina Batis
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Better Nutrition for Better Lives

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
J. K. Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Hidden Hunger ◽  
The World

Food systems are increasingly challenged to ensure food security and balanced diets for all, around the world. Almost 800 million people are chronically hungry, while over two billion people suffer from ‘hidden hunger’, with one or more micronutrient deficiencies. Meanwhile, over two billion people are overweight, with a third of them clinically obese, and hence more vulnerable to non-communicable diseases. Overcoming hunger and malnutrition in the 21st century does not simply involve increasing food available, but also improving access, especially for the hungry. Creating healthy, affordable and sustainable food systems for all is the most effective way to achieve this. Since 1945, food production has tripled as average food availability per person has risen by 40 percent. But despite abundant food supplies, almost 800 million still go hungry every day, of whom most live in developing countries. Many more go hungry seasonally or intermittently. Hunger affects their ability to work and to learn. Clearly, the problem is not just one of food availability, but also of access. The health of over two billion people is compromised because their diets lack essential micronutrients, which prevents them reaching their full human potential. ‘Hidden hunger’, or micronutrient deficiencies, undermines the physical and cognitive development of their children, exposing them to illness and premature death. Ironically, in many parts of the world, hunger co-exists with rising levels of obesity. Over two billion people are overweight, with a third of them deemed obese. This, in turn, exposes them to greater risk of diabetes, heart problems and other diet-related non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Review: The Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Non-communicable Diseases in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo A. Matos ◽  
Michelle Adams ◽  
Joan Sabaté
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
All Cause Mortality

The objective of this article is to assess current trends in Latin America with respect to the consumption of ultra-processed foods and non-communicable diseases. This review addresses the rapid growth of the ultra-processed foods market in Latin America which, along with other social and environmental factors, has been shown to be highly influential in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Ultra-processed foods represent a health concern for a number of reasons. They are generally calorically dense and high in sodium, sugar, and saturated and trans fats, and low in fiber and protein. Additionally, they may contain additives and neoformed compounds that affect health in ways that have not been adequately researched. Furthermore, the packaging of ultra-processed foods may contain hormone disruptors whose effects on humans are not entirely clear. Associations between ultra-processed foods and cardio-metabolic dysfunction, as well as several plausible mechanisms, will be evaluated.

scholarly journals Personalized Nutrition: How to make it possible?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Witri Ardini
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Personalized Nutrition ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases

The advancing of economic and technology in the last 1–2 centuries that characterized by industrialization, urbanization, and globalization have changed human lifestyle worldwide. Abundance of food and the ease of getting it, the availability of calorie-dense processed foods, changes in dietary patterns, and sedentary lifestyles force the rapid accretion of the incidence of obesity and non-communicable diseases such as type 2 Diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and cancer. Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and one of the major health challenges of the 21st century.1 In 2016, NCDs were responsible for 71% (41 million) of the 57 million deaths which occurred globally. The major NCDs responsible for these deaths included cardiovascular, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes.2 Many epidemiological, observational, and clinical studies have shown that nutrition, as the main environmental factor, plays a pivotal role in these high-cost degenerative diseases.

scholarly journals ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS – IS ENOUGH BEING DONE TO REDUCE THEIR CONSUMPTION?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
JAI PRAKASH DADHICH
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Regulatory Measures

The role of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) high in fats, sugar and salt is well documented in the causation of the non-communicable diseases. However, with globalization, consumption of these food products is increasing. In the absence of effective and comprehensive global and national regulatory measures, manufacturers are promoting ultra-processed food products by influencing policymaking, consumer behavior and research. There is a need to have an international marketing Code, based on which national legal instruments may be enacted to regulate the marketing of UPFs.

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