scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS OF THE VEGETATION PERIOD ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT GRAIN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Fedyushkin ◽  
◽  
A. V. Paramonov ◽  
S. V. Pasko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Control Variant

Purpose: to reveal the influence of mineral fertilizers and hydrothermal conditions of the growing season on the yield and protein content in the spring wheat grain. Materials and methods. The research was carried out in Aksai district of Rostov region on the experimental field of Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center (FRANTS). The objects of research are the yield and protein content in spring wheat grain, as well as the dose of mineral fertilizers. Testing, accounting and mathematical processing of the data obtained were carried out according to B. A. Dospekhov. Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the application of mineral fertilizers leads to a significant increase in the yield of spring wheat, regardless of the moisture supply of the growing season, the maximum increase was obtained with the introduction of N60P30K60. The application of mineral fertilizers leads not only to an increase in yield, but also to an increase in its dependence on the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. Data analysis using a multiple correlation coefficient showed that in the variants with the mineral fertilizers application there was a close direct relationship between the yield, SCC and the amount of precipitation (r = 0.79...0.88 according to the variants of the experiment), while in the control variant it was average in terms of influence (r = 0.63...0.64). The accumulation of protein in spring wheat grain is influenced by the combined effect of the meteorological conditions of the growing season and the mineral fertilizers used. The maximum effect of the SCC and the amount of precipitation that fell during the growing season on the protein content in wheat grain was obtained with the introduction of K60 (the parameter was 53.7 and 51.8 %, respectively). Conclusions. The application of mineral fertilizers can significantly increase the yield of spring wheat and regulate the protein content in grain, reducing the influence of the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. The best results were obtained with the introduction of N60P30K60, which makes it possible to reduce the negative effect of meteorological conditions and increase the yield by 9.3–92.8 % in comparison with the control variant.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ON AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF SPRING WHEAT GRAIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
D.V. Chikishev ◽  
◽  
N.V. Abramov ◽  
N.S. Larina ◽  
S.V. Sherstobitobov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Control Variant

The paper presents the results of applying nitrogen fertilizers for spring wheat of the Novosibirsk 31 variety. The use of the fertilizers produced additional 1,62 t/ha of grain relative to the control variant. The maximum yield was 5,4 t/ha. The increased doses of the mineral fertilizers resulted in the increased ammonium ion in the grain, the rate reached 0,76 %. The excess of ammonium ion in spring wheat is neutralized by glutamine in the composition; the glutamine content reached 5,4 %. At the same time, the synthesis of arginine was reduced from 5,1 to 1,0 %.

scholarly journals Effect of fertilizers on the content of mineral nutrition elements in winter and spring wheat plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
A. M. Kudriawytzka ◽  
◽  
K. S. Karabach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The influence of systematic application of mineral fertilizers, on the background (BG) of the after-effect of 30 t on ha of manure, on the content of nutrients in spring wheat plants of “Myronivska Yara” regional variety and winter wheat plants of “Myronivska 61” variety, and on nutrients removal by plants, during cultivation on Meadow-Chernozemic Carbonate Soil, was studied. The results indicate a close relationship between external conditions and internal metabolic processes in winter and spring wheat plants. Thus, a balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium provides a more intensive supply of these elements from the soil, what increases their content in plants. The highest content of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in winter wheat plants was observed in the variant, where 1.5 rate of mineral fertilizers was applied with the background of 30 t on ha of manure, in the tillering phase and was 4.86; 2.17; 3.48 %, respectively, what is almost 2 times higher, than the control. During the growing season, the nutrients content in all variants decreased. The same pattern was observed in plants of spring wheat. The maximum nutrients content was recorded in all variants in the phase of spring tillering, and also was recorded significant reduction in their adsorption from the soil and using by plants during the growing season. The content of total nitrogen in spring wheat plants in the tillering phase fluctuated in fertilized variants in the range of 2.21-2.51 %, compared with the control – 2.10 %; phosphorus – in the range of 1.20-1.47 %, compared with the content on the control – 1.04 %; potassium – 1.88-3.08 %, in the control, respectively – 1.68 %. The results of research indicate, that long-term application of fertilizers in crop rotation affects, as a result, also on the removal of nutrients with the crop. Thus, the removal of basic nutrients by plants of winter and spring wheat was the highest in the variant “BG + N110P120K120”. Under winter wheat it was 210 kg on ha N, 122 P2O5, 157 kg on ha K2O, compared with the control variant – 86.3 N, 48.2 P2O5, 57.8 kg on ha K2O. Under the spring wheat it was 119 N, 66.4 P2O5, 85.4 kg on ha K2O, and in control variant, respectively, – 46.6 N, 26.5 P2O5, 32.8 kg on ha K2O.

scholarly journals Influence of some factors on the production process of spring wheat plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Nikolai Vasetsky ◽  
Alexander Paramonov ◽  
Oksana Tseluyko ◽  
Andrey Fedyushkin ◽  
Sergey Pasko
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Effect

The article shows that the productivity of spring wheat is determined by the total effect of a set of conditions, each of which affects the amount of products obtained. As a result of the research, it was found that the yield of spring wheat directly depends on the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. The key factor affecting the increase in the productivity of crops when using mineral fertilizers is the amount of precipitation during the growing season. The use of mineral fertilizers can significantly increase the yield of spring wheat, reducing the negative effect of the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. So, when N60P30K60 was introduced, the yield increase in different climatic conditions of the research years was 9, 3 … 92, 8%. It was also found that the reproductive function of durum spring wheat is characterized by the fact that the total number of caryopses of a shoot spike and their total weight are in close proportional dependence on the value of its vegetative mass. In this case, the value of the grain-straw ratio is a consequence of the proportional dependence of the reproductive elements of the shoot (acceptors) of wheat on the size of its vegetative (donors) organs.

Comparisons of sensors to predict spring Wheat grain yield and protein content

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Veverka ◽  
Amitava Chatterjee ◽  
Melissa Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Grain

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF MULTIPLE-NUTRIENT MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE ALTAI REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
A.V. Yakovlev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

he effect of sowing multiple-nutrient mineral fertilizerapplication on spring wheat crops of the Astrid variety on gray forest soils of the forest-steppe zone was found. The study of the weather conditions of the growing season showed that the total amount of precipitation during the growing season was significantly lower than the average annual -158 mm as compared to 220 mm of the normal. The monthly rainfalls sharply differed from long-term ones; this had a significant impact on the formation of yield and grain quality. The application of NPK fertilizer and ammoni-um-phosphate-sulfate at a rate of 100 kg ha and ammoni-um phosphate fertilizer at a rate of 50 kg ha increased the yield of spring wheat grain by 8-66%, and the gluten con-tent in the variant with ammonium phosphate fertilizer at the level of 26-31% ascompared to 28% in the control. The payback of 1 kg of the primary nutrient of the fertilizers by grain yield gain was the highest against the background of NPK fertilizer and ammonium-phosphate-sulfate -55.0 and 40.8 kg, respectively. The protein content in wheat grain for in all fertilization variants ranged within 13.1-15.2% as compared to 13.7% in the unfertilized variant. The thou-sand-kernel weight as a result of obtaining high gains in the variants of sowing application ranged within 31.1-38.3 g; TKW below the control was in the variants with ammonium phosphate fertilizer and ammonium-phosphate-sulfate -31.1 and 33.4 g. The grain-unit belonged to Class 3 (no less than 730). It has been found that it is agronomically efficient when cultivating soft spring wheat in a temperately moist zone, on more arid years, on gray forest soils, when sowing, to apply NPK fertilizer and ammonium-phosphate-sulfate at a rate of 100 kg ha.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of strawberries when applying fertilizers

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
T. E. Ivanova ◽  
E. V. Lekomtseva ◽  
T. N. Tutova ◽  
E. V. Sokolova ◽  
L. A. Nesmelova
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. One of the most important elements of the technology of cultivation of strawberries for increasing productivity and improving the quality of berries is the use of fertilizers that can regulate the growth, development, yield and quality of products.Methods. During 2016-2018, the impact of pre-planting application of complex mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of strawberries in the Udmurt Republic was studied. The analysis of meteorological conditions during the growing season of the crop according to the research results is carried out.Results. The results of the use of complex fertilizers Azofoska, Perm-yagodnoye and Fusco-yagodnoye on garden strawberries when grown in the conditions of the Udmurt Republic are presented. It was found that the use of these fertilizers in comparison with the control (Azofoska) contributes to an increase in yield and has a positive effect on the quality of berries. The aftereffect of the studied fertilizers on the second and third year of fruiting of wild strawberries is noted. According to the results of research, the highest yield of berries of the garden strawberry was obtained in 2016 in the first year of fruiting when applying Chamfer-berry (1.33 kg/m2 ). The pre-planting application of the FaskoYagodnoye fertilizer provided a reliable increase in yield at all times of berry harvesting, and on average for three years by 0.13 kg/m2 with an NSR of 0.04 kg/m2 . The content of dry matter, water-soluble sugars and vitamin C in the berries corresponded to the characteristics of the Darenka variety and to a greater extent depended on the meteorological conditions of the growing season of strawberries.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers and seeding rates on the yield and quality of spring wheat grain

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Dmitry Aleksandrovich Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Germinating Seeds

The article presents the results of field research conducted in 2018-2019 on leached Chernozem of the Volga forest-steppe. The objects of research are varieties of spring wheat-Tulaykovskaya 10, Yoldyz and Tulaykovskaya 108. At different seeding rates of 5.0 and 5.5 million germinating seeds per ha, the effect of mineral fertilizers on 1 ha was studied. They were represented by a complete mineral fertilizer (azofoska) and fertilizing with a mineral nitrogen fertilizer in the tillering phase at doses of 30, 60 and 90 kg of AD/ha against this background. Analysis of the yield of spring wheat varieties indicates that the harvest of grain variety Yoldyz in variants with a seeding rate of 5.5 million germinating seeds per ha against the background of the application of ammonium nitrate at a dose of 60 kg of DA (2.52 t/ha) was superior to other varieties Tulaykovskaya 10 and Tulaykovskaya 108 (2.51 and 2.46 t/ha). The maximum increase in seed productivity when adding ammonium nitrate in the tillage phase of the crop was in Tulaykovskaya 10 variety (0.34 t/ha), the lowest in the Yoldyz variety (0.06 t/ha) compared to the variant with amofoska application in the pre-sowing cultivation. When increasing the doses of nitrogen fertilizers there was an increase in the water content of all the studied varieties by 1-3 PCs. While increasing the seeding rate from 5.0 to 5.5 million germinating seeds per 1 ha the number of grains in the ear changed on average for varieties by 1-2 PCs. Of all the studied varieties, the largest mass of 1,000 grains was in the Yoldyz variety (40.56 g) after azofoska application in the presowing cultivation + N60 during tillering at a seeding rate of 5.0 million germinating seeds per 1 ha, the smallest in the Tulaykovskaya 108 variety (37.87 g) after azofoska application at a dose of 0.15 t/ha at a seeding rate of 5.0 million   germinating seeds per 1 ha.

scholarly journals Efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations on winter barley in the conditions of the Lower Don

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
Alexander Tsykora ◽  
◽  
Vera Kamenevа
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Bacterial Preparations ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Field experiments on ordinary black soil were conducted in 2018-2021 in the Rostov region. The object of research was a variety of winter barley Master. The predecessor is corn for grain. Bacte-rial preparations developed at the All-Russian Institute of Agricultural Microbiology (VNIISHM) in St. Petersburg contain strains of associative microorganisms-nitrogen fixators: Mizorin, Ri-zoagrin, Extrasol. They were applied to barley seeds in the pre-sowing period. It was found that the use of Mizorin (600 g /ha) for seed treatment before sowing against the background of a near-sowing application of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer in the form of a mixture of ammophos and ammonium nitrate at a dose of N30P30, nitrogen fertilization by a scattered surface method with ammonium nitrate at a dose of 30 kg/ ha of the active substance increased the increase in grain yield on average for 3 years compared with the control variant by 0.71 t/ ha or by 14.4%. The use of the biological preparation Mizorin without mineral fertilizers against the background of natural soil fertility increased the yield compared to the control variant by 0.31 t /ha or by 6.3%. On av-erage, in 2019-2021, the protein content in winter barley grain in the control variant was 10.7%, which provided a protein harvest equal to 528 kg/ha. Against the background of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers at a dose of N30P30 and nitrogen fertilizing at a dose of 30 kg / ha, the max-imum increase in protein content was obtained in the variant with the use of Mizorin, which compared to the control variant was 1.1%, while the protein harvest increased by 138 kg/ha or 26.1%. Keywords: WINTER BARLEY, ORDINARY BLACK SOIL, BACTERIAL PREPARATIONS, MINERAL FERTILIZERS

scholarly journals Main directions of development of agro-technologies for production of spring wheat species for sustainable agriculture in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00071
Author(s):  
Marat Amirov ◽  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Albina Serzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Middle Volga

The article presents the results of research conducted in different soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region on the influence of regulated factors, as well as environmental factors on the production process of plants of various types of spring wheat. The amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is enough to obtain yields within 12–13 tons of dry biomass or 6–7 tons of grain. Natural precipitation is able to provide 3.82–4.36 t of spring wheat grain from 1 ha, and 4.5–6.3 t/ha by the total influence of solar energy, heat and moisture supply. Natural level of soil fertility without application of organic and mineral fertilizers allows to receive about 2 tons of spring wheat grain from 1 ha. Application of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac water (N-20.5 %) increased the yield in comparison with the use of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac saltpeter: the increase was 0.14 t per 1 ha. In the conditions of grey forest soil in the Predkamye region of the Republic of Tatarstan the optimal norm of sowing of spring wheat Triticum dicoccum Schuebl (spelt) depending on the feeding background was established. Growth of yield at sowing of 6 million seeds per hectare at all levels of nutrition in comparison with sowing rate of 4 million tons per hectare was 0.18 tons per hectare against the natural background, against the estimated background of NRC on 2.0 tons of grain – 0.19 tons and 2.5 tons of grain – 0.24 tons per hectare. The maximum yield increase was received at a combination of a mineral foodstuff with an optimum norm of sowing and has made on a settlement background 2 tons of grain from hectare – 0.20 tons, on 2.5 tons of grain – 0.34 tons from hectare. Thus, the aim of our research was to develop methods of growing high yielding quality grain of different types of wheat adapted to the conditions of forest-steppe in the Volga region.

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