scholarly journals Protopresbyter Alexander Schmemann: The Liturgical Theology of the Symbol

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-68
Author(s):  
Михаил Степанович Иванов
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Liturgical Theology ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Liturgical Practice ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Theological Concept

В статье предпринимается попытка актуализировать богословское понятие «символ», существующее в литургическом богословии. Эта попытка осуществляется автором на базе имеющихся по этой теме материалов, опубликованных протопресвитером (1953-1970 гг. протоиереем, 1946-1953 гг. священником) Александром Шмеманом, известным богословом и литургистом Православной Церкви. В своих публикациях отец Александр выражает озабоченность по поводу того, что литургический термин «символ», широко использовавшийся в христианской Церкви уже с древних времён и являвшийся ключевым понятием в богословии и в литургической практике с середины второго тысячелетия, стал трансформироваться и приобретать несвойственные ему значения, что оказало негативное влияние на литургическую жизнь Церкви в целом, и особенно на понимание Евхаристии. Со временем термин «символ» стал терять своё богатое онтологическое содержание и приближаться к понятию «знак». Это понятие усвоено символу во многих современных толкованиях литургической жизни. The article attempts to actualize the theological concept of «symbol» that exists in liturgical theology. This attempt is carried out by the author on the basis of materials available on this topic published by Protopresbyter (1953-1970, Archpriest, 1946-1953, Priest) Alexander Schmemann, a renowned theologian and liturgist of the Orthodox Church. In his publications, Father Alexander expresses concern that the liturgical term «symbol», which has been widely used in the Christian Church since ancient times and which has been a key concept in theology and liturgical practice since the middle of the second millennium, has begun to transform and acquire uncharacteristic meanings which had a negative impact on the liturgical life of the Church in general, and especially on the understanding of the Eucharist. Over time, the term «symbol» began to lose its rich ontological content and approach the concept of «sign». This concept is adopted by the symbol in many modern interpretations of liturgical life.

Court Singing Capella and Divine Рractice of the Russian Orthodox Church

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Константин Рева
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liturgical Practice ◽  
Church Split ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church

В настоящей статье предпринята попытка рассмотреть влияние Придворной певческой капеллы на развитие богослужебной практики Русской Православной Церкви в Синодальный период. После церковного раскола XVII в. продолжающееся развитие богослужебной практики не находило отражения в корпусе богослужебных книг. В XVII в. в Русской Церкви было два практически равновеликих по значению образцовых столичных хора: хор патриарших певчих дьяков и хор государевых певчих дьяков. С упразднением патриаршества и переносом столицы в Санкт¬-Петербург в Синодальный период истории Русской Православной Церкви Придворная певческая капелла стала главным церковным хоровым коллективом, основной обязанностью которого было пение за богослужением в придворных церквях. В XIX в. Придворная певческая капелла была на делена особыми административными правами в церковно-¬певческой сфере, связанны ми с цензурой церковно-¬певческих произведений и подготовкой церковных регентов. Исключительные права по изданию церковно¬-певческих книг в Русской Православной Церкви, закрепленные Святейшим Синодом за Придворной певческой капеллой, стали причиной широкого распространения литургических особенностей богослужения придворных церквей в Российской империи. Практика обязательной аттестации церковных регентов Придворной певческой капеллой усилила распространение не только её церковно-¬музыкальной традиции, но и придворного литургического порядка, что оказало существенное влияние на практику совершения кафедрального и приходского богослужения. Изучение богослужебной практики Русской Православной Церкви в XVIII-XX вв. немыслимо без учёта деятельности и наследия Придворной певческой капеллы. This article attempts to consider the influence of the Court Singing Chapel on the development of divine practice of the Russian Orthodox Church during the synodal period. After the Church split of the 17th century, the continuing development of liturgical practice was not re flected in the corpus of liturgical books. In the XVII century the Russian Church had two almost equal in importance exemplary Metropolitan choirs: the choir of Patriarchal singing deacons and the choir of sovereign singing deacons. With the abolition of the Patriarchate and the transfer of the capital to Saint Petersburg during the Synodal period of the history of the Russian Orthodox Church, the Court singing Capella became the main Church choral group, whose main duty was to sing at divine services in the court churches. In the 19th century, the Court singing chapel was giv en special administrative rights in the Church singing sphere related to the censorship of Church singing works and the training of Church Regents. The exclusive rights to publish Church sing ing books in the Russian Orthodox Church, which were assigned by the Holy Synod to the Court singing chapel, caused a wide spread of liturgical features of the service of court churches in the Russian Empire. The practice of mandatory certification of Church Regents by the Court singingchapel has increased the spread of not only its Church music tradition, but also the court liturgical order, which has had a significant impact on the practice of performing Cathedral and parish ser vices. The study of the liturgical practice of the Russian Orthodox Church in the XVIII-XX centuries is unthinkable without taking into account the activities and heritage of the court singing chapel.

Varieties of Neopatristics

2020 ◽  
pp. 527-542
Author(s):  
Paul L. Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Liturgical Theology ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Dionysius The Areopagite ◽  
Pavel Florensky ◽  
Liturgical Practice ◽  
Pseudo Dionysius ◽  
The Church ◽  
Organizing Principles

The chapter argues that the twentieth-century neopatristic theologies were not purely historical exercises, but theologically motivated enterprises. More specifically, Georges Florovsky’s ‘neopatristic synthesis’ was a response to his ‘modernist’ predecessors, such as Pavel Florensky and Sergius Bulgakov. The organizing principle of Florovsky’s neopatristics was Chalcedonian Christology. In contrast, Vladimir Lossky’s reconstruction of ‘mystical theology’ had the vision of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite and Gregory Palalmas as two focal points. It is argued that Alexander Schmemann’s liturgical theology may be likewise considered as a version of neopatristic theology with the emphasis on liturgical practice, and especially the eschatological dimension of the Eucharist, as the primary locus of theologizing. Thus, neopatristic theology cannot be regarded as a monolithic entity, but as a conglomerate of distinct theological visions, each with their own methods and organizing principles, which took as their inspiration the concept of a ‘return to the Church Fathers’ and creative appropriation of patristic heritage.

Secularization of Family Law in Greece

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-376
Author(s):  
Michael P. Stathopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Family Law ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
Byzantine Era ◽  
Historical Tradition ◽  
The Church

As our subject is the secularization of Greek Family Law, we may presume that this part of our legal system is not as yet secular or at least not exclusively so. Indeed, the strong influence of religious conceptions, particularly those of the Greek Orthodox Christian Church is an historical feature of Greek Family Law. This tradition is explained by the close relations in general between Church and State in Greece, relations which are rooted in the Byzantine era. The determinant importance of the Church in Greek society reached its peak during the period of the Ottoman occupation (1453-1821), when there was no Greek State and the Orthodox Church was its substitute. I think that we may find a parallel here between the Greek people and their religion and the Jewish people and their religion. After the national revolution of 1821, and with the regaining of their independence, the Greek people were organized in a secular state, retaining, however, important features of a religious character, in accordance with the nation's historical tradition.

Trials of the Unorthodox Orthodox: The Followers of Brother Ioann Churikov and Their Critics in Modern Russia, 1894-1914

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-263
Author(s):  
Page Herrlinger
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Spiritual Authority ◽  
Working People ◽  
Prayer Meetings ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time

A pious Orthodox peasant from Samara province who moved to St. Petersburg in mid-1890s, “Brother Ioann” (Ivan Alekseevich Churikov, 1861-1933?), always believed himself to be a faithful son of the church, but his flamboyant public preaching against the ills of alcohol ultimately led to his excommunication in 1914. Naturally gifted as a preacher, Brother Ioann regularly attracted thousands of listeners to his Sunday prayer meetings, the vast majority of whom were simple working people, suffering the devastating effects of alcoholism and the chronic insecurities associated with poverty. Debates over his relationship to the Orthodox tradition began almost as soon has he appeared in St. Petersburg, and over time, he suffered imprisonment in an insane asylum and faced a range of serious charges. Drawing on published and archival sources, this article explores the ongoing and increasingly bitter debate between leading members of the Church and Churikov’s followers between 1910 and 1914. By illuminating the central points of conflict and the competing visions of Orthodoxy at work in the Churikov case, it reflects more broadly upon the nature of the contemporary crisis within the Russian Orthodox Church, particularly with respect to issues of religious and spiritual authority.

scholarly journals Orthodox Communities and Partisan Movement in Kuzbass in 1919

2021 ◽  
pp. 224-240
Author(s):  
A. V. Gorbatov ◽  
M. A. Maltsev
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Main Target ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

The results of the analysis of the tragic stage in the history of the Russian Orthodox Church during the civil war in the Kemerovo region are presented. Based on materials from periodicals and archives, as well as on the research of secular and church historians, the partisan pogroms of 1919 are considered as events that had a negative impact on the life of the church as a social institution. It is noted that pogroms and murders of believers and clergy took place everywhere in the territory of Kuzbass. It was revealed on the basis of documentary evidence that the main target of the attack of the red partisans was the clergy. Punitive operations continued throughout 1919, but the peak of the pogroms is associated with the activities of the united detachment under the command of G. F. Rogov and I. P. Novoselov in December in the Kuznetsk district. It is shown that the Russian Orthodox Church was seized by an institutional crisis, the parish life of the counties was upset, the number of clergy decreased, and some of the clergy left the region.

scholarly journals The Ethiopian Orthodox Church and its role in the State before 1974

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Nigusie Wolde Michae Kassaye ◽  
Yu. N. Buzykina
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
Ethiopian Orthodox ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Church

The aim of the study is to consider the role and place of the Ethiopian Orthodox Christian Church in preserving the ancient traditions and culture of the peoples of Ethiopia. The history of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church is closely related to that of the Alexandrian Orthodox Church, but for a significant part of its history it fought for autocephaly, which was achieved only under Emperor Haile Selassie I. The most important function of the Church in Ethiopia was education and spread of literacy, the preservation and transfer of knowledge in the field of religion and public administration. The objective of the study is to analyze how this function was implemented during the first half of the XX century. The research is based on the documents of the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation and of the Ethiopian Microfilm Laboratory EMML.

scholarly journals KLASZTOR W SUPRAŚLU (OD UNII DO PRAWOSŁAWIA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (XIX) ◽  
pp. 179-196
Author(s):  
Irena Matus
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Local School ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time

The Monastery in Supraśl was founded as an Orthodox one in the late fifteenthcentury. Initially the monks opposed the Union. The Monastery subordinated to theuniate rules in 1635, it then became one of the most significant Basilian centers in theRepublic of Poland. Over time, the Basilians increasingly succumbed to Romanizationand Polonization. Consequently, Latin altars (main and side ones), pulpit, confessional,stoup, instrumental organs and Latin devotional articles were installed in the SupraślOrthodox Monastery. The restitution of the Orthodox Church was preceded by severalyears of preparation. One of the taken measures was the opening of a school in 1834in Supraśl that provided education in the spirit of sympathy for Orthodoxy. The changesto the interior of the Orthodox Church in Supraśl involved the decoration of the altaraccording to the Eastern Greek rite, the removal of the side altars and the prohibitionof instrumental music. Due to the preserved iconostasis the church was quickly adaptedfor the needs to celebrate the liturgy according to the Eastern Greek rite; the choirwas created by the students from the local school. In 1828, the Basilians who camefrom the Latin rite were allowed to return to it. Thirty four monks left the Monasteryin Supraśl, and only eight remained. The Basilian resistance against the restitution of theOrthodox Church was the result of their Romanization and Polonization. In contrast,the position taken by the Basilians from Supraśl reflected the attitude of their superior,Nikodem Marcinowski.

scholarly journals THE IDEOLOGY OF "UKRAINIAN ORTHODOXY" IN THE SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF M.F. SUMTSOV AS A CIVILIZATION MEANS FOR THE CONSOLIDATION OF UKRAINITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Nataliia Fradkyna
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Church ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The research of the features of Ukrainian Christianity in the works of M.F. Sumtsov was analyzed. On this theoretical and philosophical-theoretical basis, the characteristics of the features of the «Ukrainian Orthodoxy», which have an influence on the formation of Ukrainian identity, are singled out and given. Modern scholars V. Gorsky, A. Kolodnyy, Y. Chornomorets emphasize the philosophical and cultural consequences of the Ukrainian Orthodox paradigm to determine the meaning of life-style guidelines of Ukrainians, the mental and identification characteristics of the Ukrainian nation. An ideologue of Ukrainian Orthodoxy contributing to the consolidation of modern Ukrainian society, the unification of common religious spiritual values, was presented in the works of Mykola Sumtsov, one of the first in his scholarly works. One of the ways to overcome the crisis of our society and a significant step towards consolidation of the national Ukrainian identity is to obtain autocephaly by the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. In the writings of Mykola Sumtsov it is emphasized that the Christian church is an important means of Ukrainian national unity. Mykola Sumtsov speaks about pan-European, democratic tendencies in the Ukrainian Orthodoxy, the approach of Ukrainian Orthodoxy to the soul and everyday life of Ukrainians, involvement through the church to public life. In the study of the features of Ukrainian Orthodoxy, the author identified his following defining characteristics: cordocentrism, democracy, harmony of public and ecclesiastical life. morality, focus on active moral and practical activity. On the basis of our research, we have identified a significant theoretical potential of M. Sumtsov's works, their high analytic and encyclopedic character.

The Negative Impact of Biological Variation in the Effect and Clearance of Warfarin on Methods for Prediction of Dose Requirements

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peretz Weiss ◽  
Hillel Halkin ◽  
Shlomo Almog
Keyword(s):  
Individual Variation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Dose Prediction ◽  
Group I ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Variance Explained

SummaryWithin-individual variation over time in the clearance (Cl) and effect (PT%) of warfarin, was measured in 25 inpatients (group I) studied after standard single or individualized split loading doses and 1-3 times (n = 16) 8-16 weeks later during maintenance. Mean Cl (2.5 α 0.9 ml/min) was similar in both phases but significant changes occurred in 6/16 patients, exceeding those expected from within-individual variation alone (defined by its 95% tolerance limits -24% to +62%). Initial PT% (21 α 5) was unaffected by dosing schedule, total or free plasma warfarin, varying between patients by only 18-24%. Mean initial and maintenance dose-PT% ratios (8.2 mg/d: 21% and 4.1 mg/d: 40%) were similar but significant changes in sensitivity to warfarin occurred in 4/16 patients. In group I and 64 other outpatients on maintenance therapy, between-individual variability was 36-52% for Cl and 49-56% for effect. PT% correlated best (r = 0.56) with free and total plasma warfarin but poorly with dose (r = 0.29), with only 30% of PT% variance explained at best, due to high between patient variability.Warfarin dose prediction whether based on extrapolation from initial effects to the maintenance phase, or on iterative methods not allowing for between- or within-patient variation in warfarin clearance or effect which may occur independently over time, have not improved on empirical therapy. This, due to the elements of biological variability as well as the intricacy of the warfarin - prothrombin complex interaction not captured by any kinetic-dynamic model used for prediction to date.

Conflict and Financial Scandal on History, Culture, and Politic

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 20628-20638
Author(s):  
Anik Yuesti ◽  
I Made Dwi Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The World ◽  
Financial Scandals ◽  
Financial Transparency ◽  
The Church ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

One of the things that are often highlighted in the world of spirituality is a matter of sexual scandal. But lately, the focus of the spiritual world is financial transparency and accountability. Financial scandals began to arise in the Church, as was the case in the Protestant Christian Church of Bukti Doa Nusa Dua Congregation in Bali. The scandal involved clergy and even some church leaders. This study aims to describe how the conflict occurred because of financial scandals in the Church. The method used in this study is the Ontic dialectic. Based on this research, the conflict in the Bukit Doa Church is a conflict caused by an internal financial scandal. The scandal resulted in fairly widespread conflict in the various lines of the organization. It led to the issuance of the Dismissal Decrees of the church pastor and also one of the members of Financial Supervisory Council. This conflict has also resulted in the leadership of the church had violated human rights. Source of conflict is not resolved in a fair, but more concerned with political interests and groups. Thus, the source of the problem is still attached to its original place.

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