Endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated relaxation pathway in bovine mesenteric lymph nodes

In vitro, endothelium-dependent relaxation mechanisms of smooth muscle cells of the bovine mesenteric lymph node capsule have been studied. The addition of L-NAME and indomethacin to physiological saline inhibited the production of endothelium NO and prostacyclin. In this solution, tetraethylammonium chloride and TRAM-34 increased the tone of the precontracted lymph nodes. Thus, in bovine mesenteric lymph nodes there is an relaxation mechanism mediated by endothelial hyperpolarization, realized by activating Ca2+-dependent K+-channels of large- and intermediate conductance.

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STUDY OF LYMPHOCTYE INTERACTION IN HUMAN MESENTERIC LYMPH NODES IN VITRO

Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science ◽

10.1038/icb.1984.50 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 531-537

Author(s):

AW Cripps ◽

RL Clancy ◽

H Chipchase ◽

EJ Hennessy

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽

Mesenteric Lymph

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Analysis of IL-2 Production in Hookworm Infected Hamsters Using Generated Polyclonal Antibodies

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy ◽

10.2478/v10213-012-0007-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 37-42

Author(s):

Ewa Długosz ◽

Jarosław Cendrowski ◽

Piotr Bąska ◽

Anna Siwińska ◽

Halina Wędrychowicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Cell Cultures ◽

Polyclonal Antibodies ◽

Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽

Ancylostoma Ceylanicum ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Mesenteric Lymph ◽

Race Pcr

Abstract The aim of the study was cloning and analysis of the entire coding sequence of hamster IL-2 by the method of RACE-PCR, its expression in Escherichia coli cells, and production of IL-2 specific antibodies. These antibodies were used to determine in vitro IL-2 production by cells derived from the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of Ancylostoma ceylanicum infected hamsters. The highest concentration of IL-2 was noted in supernatants from cell cultures coming from the oldest, most resistant hamsters.

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Effects of Inhaled Hexachlorobenzene Aerosols on Rat Pulmonary Host Defenses

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/074823378900500306 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 451-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Robert L. Sherwood ◽

Peter T. Thomas ◽

William J. O'shea ◽

Jeannie N. Bradof ◽

Helen V. Ratajczak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

B Cell ◽

Bactericidal Activity ◽

Peritoneal Macrophages ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽

Mesenteric Lymph ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Cell Mitogen

Pulmonary bactericidal activity, macrophage phagocytic activity, alveolar macrophage (AM) enzyme activity, and T- and B-cell mitogenesis of lymphocytes from lung associated lymph nodes (LALN) or mesenteric lymph nodes (MESLN) were assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed 4 hr/d, 4 days/wk for 1, 4, or 16 days to hexachlorobenzene (HCB) aerosols. Pulmonary bactericidal activity was depressed after 1 or 4 but not 16 exposures to 35 mg/m3 of HCB. AM phagocytosis of 51Cr-RBC in vitro was increased after 4 but not 1 or 16 exposures to HCB, and no effect was observed in peritoneal macrophages. HCB significantly enhanced mitogenesis in MESLN to the B-cell mitogen Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (STM) after 4 exposures; LALN STM mitogenesis and LALN and MESLN mitogenesis to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were not affected. After 16 exposures, however, the PHA responses in LALN and MESLN were significantly increased and decreased, respectively.

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AvrA effector protein of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is expressed and translocated in mesenteric lymph nodes at late stages of infection in mice

Microbiology ◽

10.1099/mic.0.077115-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 160 (6) ◽

pp. 1191-1199 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mónica N. Giacomodonato ◽

Mariángeles Noto Llana ◽

María del Rosario Aya Castañeda ◽

Fernanda R. Buzzola ◽

Sebastián H. Sarnacki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Effector Protein ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽

Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Mesenteric Lymph

Salmonellosis is a major health problem worldwide. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) has been a primary cause of Salmonella outbreaks in many countries. AvrA is an SPI-1 effector protein involved in the enteritis pathway, with critical roles in inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. In this work, we constructed an AvrA-FLAG-tagged strain of S. Enteritidis to analyse the expression profile of AvrA in vitro, in cell culture and in vivo. AvrA expression and secretion were observed in vitro under culture conditions that mimicked intestinal and intracellular environments. In agreement, bacteria isolated from infected cell monolayers expressed and translocated AvrA for at least 24 h post-inoculation. For in vivo experiments, BALB/c mice were inoculated by the natural route of infection with the AvrA-FLAG strain. Infecting bacteria and infected cells were recovered from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Our results showed that AvrA continues to be synthesized in vivo up to day 8 post-inoculation. Moreover, AvrA translocation was detected in the cytosol of cells isolated from MLN 8 days after infection. Interestingly, we observed that AvrA is secreted by both type three secretion system (T3SS)-1 and T3SS-2. In summary, these findings indicate that AvrA expression is not constrained to the initial host–bacteria encounter in the intestinal environment as defined previously. The AvrA effector may participate also in systemic S. Enteritidis infection.

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Characterization of experimental Cryptosporidium parvum infection in IFN-γ knockout mice

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182098003424 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 117 (6) ◽

pp. 525-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

XIANGDONG YOU ◽

J. R. MEAD

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Knockout Mice ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽

High Power Field ◽

Mesenteric Lymph ◽

Short Period ◽

Ifn Γ

Severe cryptosporidial infections were produced in gamma interferon (IFN-γ) knockout mice. Mean oocyst shedding increased from 332 to 30717 oocysts/100 μl of faecal suspension between day 4 and 9 after administration of 1×105 oocysts/mouse. No significant differences in oocyst shedding were observed in mice after being inoculated with 1×105, 1×104 or 1×103 oocysts/mouse (P>0·05). Infected mouse weights decreased an average 3–4 g before death or euthanization. Histological studies revealed heavy parasite colonization in small intestinal epithelium (approximately 250 organisms/high-power field at ×400). Mesenteric lymph nodes in infected mice were markedly enlarged compared to controls (P<0·05). Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations increased in spleens of infected mice while the B cell population increased in mesenteric lymph nodes from infected mice. No significant proliferation was observed when pooled lymphocytes from infected mice were exposed to C. parvum antigens in vitro. Addition of recombinant mouse IFN-γ did not restore antigen responsiveness. While lymphoproliferative responses to specific antigen were not significant in the short period following infection, this mouse model provides unique features to study the characteristics of acute infection and the immune response against C. parvum.

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In vitrotapeworm extract-induced proliferative responses of gut-associated lymphoid cells fromHymenolepis diminutainfected mice

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00007872 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 43-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dale D. Isaak

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Culture System ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽

Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽

Axillary Lymph ◽

Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽

Mesenteric Lymph

AbstractThe development of lymphoid cells reactive to tapeworm-associated antigens during the course ofHymenolepis diminutarejection from mice was studied using anin vitrotapeworm extract (TWE)-induced cell proliferation culture system. Mice infected with three cysticercoids on day 0 developed three adult worms by day 7 but worms were rejected by day 21 post-infection. Concomitant with worm rejection was the development of TWE-sensitized lymphoid cells which responded by proliferation when stimulatedin vitrowith TWE. Sensitized cells were detected in gut-associated mesenteric lymph nodes but were not detected in spleen, axillary lymph nodes, or peyer's patches of infected mice, or in lymphoid organs of non-infected mice. These studies suggest that rejection ofH. diminutafrom mice is associated with the activities of gut-associated, tapeworm antigen-sensitized immune cells localized in the mesenteric lymph nodes.

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