scholarly journals National Question in the U.S. and Canada’s Domestic Politics: Conclusions from the Comparative Analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
Oleh Kozachuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
National Question ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Cross National

The conclusions of the research «National Question in the U.S. and Canada’s Domestic Politics: Comparative Analysis» are proposed for consideration here. For the first time in Ukrainian political science, a cross-national comparison of the USA and Canada in the context of the analysis of the national question was carried out. Namely, its essence was clarified, the peculiarities of multicultural practices in the USA and Canada (cultural pluralism and multiculturalism) were analyzed, and an analysis of ethno-racial discrimination and ethnic mobilization was conducted. The research methodologically conceptualized and developed a comparative political study of interethnic interactions with the use of a research strategy for comparing most similar systems (for example, the USA and Canada). The case study method has been substantiated and applied, involving the method of structural and focused comparison as a tool of cross-national research (for example, the USA and Canada), and also proved that the method can be effective in comparative political science. In the research, the indexation of immigration policy was conceptualized, and a scientific apparatus (a logical sequence of conceptualization, measurement and aggregation) for further cross-national studies in which the object is the national question in general and the migration policy in particular was developed. The theoretical results of the research can be used for the further design of models of binary implicit comparison of similar states. The case study method has not yet been properly applied in Ukrainian political science; therefore, the method proposed by the author for a structured and focused comparison of cases can be useful for both scholars and practitioners when comparing phenomena and processes. The author proposed the concept and design of a study of the already forgotten issues of the national question, which has been proven not to be outdated even in such advanced polyethnic states as the USA and Canada. The scientific results obtained by the author can be used by subjects of internal policy, first of all  in the practice of public authorities. The proposed method of indexing immigration policy can serve scholars, legislators, government officials, and employees of the executive authorities to carry out cross-national and/or cross-temporal comparisons. Keywords: national question, new institutionalism, case study, structural and focused comparison, immigration, ethno-racial discrimination.

The Geopolitics of Mobility: Immigration Policy and American Global Power in the Long Twentieth Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Belonging ◽  
Policy Regimes ◽  
American Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Immigration Politics ◽  
The U.S

Abstract While the history of U.S. immigration policy has traditionally been directed “inward,” toward questions of American law, institutions, policy regimes, and modes of national belonging, an emerging historical scholarship is asking how U.S. immigration policy has been shaped by U.S. foreign relations. This essay draws together, builds on, and transforms this literature by foregrounding new questions of transnational, imperial, and global inequality in the making of U.S. immigration politics and policy, and by problematizing not only closures and exclusions, but selective openings in the U.S. immigration regime. Despite conventional claims that immigration is and has been a matter of “domestic” politics, in fact, U.S. immigration policy has long been self-consciously engaged with transnational realities. Indeed, as the essay argues, while serving as a way that Americans could define the nation against an “outside,” U.S. immigration policy has simultaneously been instrumentalized to project U.S. national-imperial power out into the world. This geopolitics of mobility has taken wide-ranging, overlapping, and often contradictory forms: the pursuit of labor power, the management of overseas colonies, the diffusion of U.S. goods, practices, and values, the building of legitimacy, the containment of enemies, and the rescue of friends. An imperial history of U.S. immigration control has the capacity both to frame new historical inquiries and to draw attention to the crucial ways that many migrants to the United States have already been enmeshed in U.S.-centered fields of power long before they approach the recognized boundaries of the U.S. state.

Privacy and Proportionality: Examining Mass Electronic Surveillance under Article 8 and the Fourth Amendment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-57
Author(s):  
Christine Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Amendment ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Electronic Surveillance ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Optimal Degree ◽  
Individual Privacy ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
European Court ◽  
The U.S

Summary An individual citizen’s right to privacy has found extensive protection in the modern democratic state. However, with the increase of technological innovation and new kinds of threats, democratic states must grapple with balancing a problem that can never be wholly solved—governments seeking to create the optimal degree of security inevitably conflicts with citizens’ optimal degree of privacy. This article examines one vehicle through which governments have prioritized national security at the expense of individual privacy: mass electronic surveillance. Employing the case study method, this article compares three cases where mass electronic surveillance measures were challenged before the European Court of Human Rights under Article 8 against four cases where such measures were challenged in the U.S. judicial system under the Fourth Amendment. This article seeks to determine how the treatment of privacy infringements created by mass electronic surveillance differs when examined in these two different privacy regimes. I argue the Strasbourg Court’s use of what is known in the literature as the “proportionality analysis” provoked by Article 8(2) allows for more substantial protections of privacy rights in Europe than under the Fourth Amendment in the U.S..

scholarly journals Riparian Area Changes in Greenness and Water Use on the Lower Colorado River in the USA from 2000 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Pamela L. Nagler ◽  
Armando Barreto-Muñoz ◽  
Sattar Chavoshi Borujeni ◽  
Hamideh Nouri ◽  
Christopher J. Jarchow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Riparian Ecosystem ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Lower Colorado River

Declines in riparian ecosystem greenness and water use have been observed in the delta of the Lower Colorado River (LCR) since 2000. The purpose of our case study was to measure these metrics on the U.S. side of the border between Hoover and Morelos Dams to see if declining greenness was unique to the portion of the river in Mexico. In this case study, five riparian reaches of the LCR from Hoover to Morelos Dam since 2000 were studied to evaluate trends in riparian ecosystem health. We measure these riparian woodlands using remotely sensed measurements of the two-band Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2; a proxy for greenness); daily evapotranspiration (ET; mmd−1) using EVI2 (ET(EVI2)); and an annualized ET based on EVI2, the Phenology Assessment Metric (PAM ET), an annualized ET using Landsat time-series. A key finding is that riparian health and its water use has been in decline since 2000 on the U.S. portion of the LCR, depicting a loss of green vegetation over the last two decades. EVI2 results show a decline of −13.83%, while average daily ET(EVI2) between the first and last decade had a decrease of over 1 mmd−1 (−27.30%) and the respective average PAM ET losses were 170.91 mmyr−1 (−17.95%). The difference between the first and last five-year periods, 2000–2005 and 2016–2020, showed the largest decrease in daily ET(EVI) of 1.24 mmd−1 (−32.61%). These declines come from a loss in healthy, green, riparian plant-cover, not a change in plant water use efficiency nor efficient use of managed water resources. Our results suggest further deterioration of biodiversity, wildlife habitat and other key ecosystem services on the U.S. portion of the LCR.

scholarly journals Yuan Versus United States Dollar: the Defective Bipolar China–United States Relationship

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Smagorowicz-Chojnowska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International System ◽  
International Economic Order ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
United States Dollar ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
The Given

The chosen currency regime places a state within the international economic order. Therefore, the exchange rate is a key to creating an internal financial system and opening it up to foreign participants. In this paper we would like to show the differences between China and the USA and examine their impact on potential changes on the distribution of power in the international system. We will also try to prove that this field is a missing link in preventing the final launching of a symmetrical bipolar system which will finally force China to accept the rules of a Washington Consen­sus instead of following its own patterns. The case study method will be used in order to compare market data and assess the role of currencies for the given model.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis between virtual education and direct education in fundamental courses in architecture, case study: “introduction to architecture design studio”, in Shiraz University

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nikkar ◽  
Raha Bahtooe
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Virtual Education ◽  
Design Studio ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

This paper attempts to demonstrate and compare challenges and opportunities in virtual and direct education in architecture in Iran, specifically in fundamental courses. Two different programs (direct and virtual education) have been run in two different branches of Shiraz University, in Shiraz and Dubai, for two successive fundamental courses. Both cases were observed accurately by the authors during two semesters and the result qualities were collected and assessed. The main questions of this paper are: what are the advantages and disadvantages of virtual and direct education? And which method ends to a better quality in result in architecture fundamental courses? The query is based on the case study method using a combination of strategies and content analysis techniques. The information is collected through library and fields studies, and completed through questionnaire and analyzing it's components by the statistical software. Keywords: Architecture, virtual education, direct education, statistical software, Iran.  

scholarly journals Key Growth Factors and Limitations of Photovoltaic Companies in Poland and the Phenomenon of Technology Entrepreneurship under Conditions of Information Asymmetry

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8239
Author(s):  
Bartosz Wachnik ◽  
Zbigniew Chyba
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Technology Entrepreneurship

Nowadays photovoltaic trade in Poland is growing rapidly due to contemporary challenges in sustainable energy. The first Polish photovoltaic firms were established in the second decade of XXI century. It was the answer of looking for new innovative energy sources including solar energy. It was necessary to change the structure of energy sources in Poland mainly based on carbon and oil & gas. The aim of this article was the identification and assessment the key opportunities and barriers to photovoltaic industry enterprises in Poland in the context of technology entrepreneurship under conditions of information asymmetry. The paper was prepared based on the results of qualitative research using the case study method. A comparative analysis was performed based on results of a study of four purposefully selected enterprises. All of them are SMEs. The research was done in 2021. The case study method allowed for comparing the analysed enterprises in pairs, which is discussed more extensively further on in the text. The research performed will lead to conclusions and recommendations for the photovoltaic sector enterprises in Poland which will allow them to act more effectively and efficiently in conditions of competing on the global market. This paper contains the characteristics of photovoltaic trade in Poland, its macro and micro environment, the opportunities and threats of this trade and key strengths and weaknesses of characterized photovoltaic enterprises in Poland. Finally, the conclusion and recommendations of discussed Polish photovoltaic trade firms in future are evaluated.

Comparative Analysis of Legislative Provision of Adult Education in the USA and Canada (Case Study: Professional Development of Tourism Employees)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Svitlana Babushko
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Adult Education ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Continuous Learning ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Federal Program ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Today Ukraine is in the process of establishing an integral base for adult education and the system of employees’ professional development. Hence, the research of the experience of the countries with a fixed, ramified, but integral system of normative and juridical documents in the above-mentioned fields can be of great use. Addressing to the USA and Canada is caused by the fact that in these countries the questions of vocational training and professional development of employees are juridically regulated. The article represents the results of the comparative analysis of legislative provision of professional development of employees in the USA and Canada in general, and tourism employees, in particular. Laws for analysis were taken from official sites of state and federal bodies. All of them have been systemized into 4 categories: laws on employment, on human resources, on vocational training and professional development, adult education. Common and different features of both countries have been defined. It has been determined that legislative bases of the USA and Canada are ramified and diverse, but at the same time they are integral and coherent. The analysis has shown that they have a lot of common features, similarity of normative and juridical documents, which is caused, mainly, by the geographical location of these countries, by the market economy which they both have, by similar social problems and common development trends. It has also been found out that Canada has a unique federal program EMERIT aimed at continuous learning of tourism employees and their professional development. The study of foreign experience allowed us to distinguish the progressive ideas to be applied to the development of Ukrainian legislative provision.

Integrating to one program for re-accreditation

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-234
Author(s):  
Boniface Michael
Keyword(s):  
Business Schools ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Program Goal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Governance Process ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Goal Integration ◽  
College Of Business

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to delineate lessons for business schools seeking re-accreditation and that face previous peer-review improvement expectations, strategic and operational imperatives similar to those faced at College of Business Administration (CBA) in University of the State Capital, all pseudonyms to mask their true identity. Design/methodology/approach Based on qualitative case study method, CBA’s Assessment Director, Gabriel Mouton, again a pseudonym, serves as the central protagonist whose interactive dialogical and technology-enabled change processes provide instructive practical lessons around the management of assurance of learning (AoL) for re-accreditation. Findings This paper offers a tripartite change focus in AoL for re-accreditation: balancing program goal integration with discipline differentiation, adopting an interactive dialogical shared governance process over a top-down or bottom-up process and technology-enabled straddling program depth and breadth. Research limitations/implications This paper is unique to CBA’s path-historical institutional change experiences in the USA with rich-shared faculty governance that may need to be first developed before emulation in institutions where such a tradition is absent. Practical implications The experiences narrated in this paper offer universal lessons for business schools aspiring to continuously improve their AoL and, in the process, uphold program meaning and quality standards for stakeholder relevance and re-accreditation. Social implications The experiences narrated in this paper offers lessons for tying program quality to external stakeholders’ expectations in the community, including for international business schools. Originality/value This paper advances an original tripartite change focus specifically relevant for business schools seeking re-accreditation and that are concurrently grappling with multiple strategic and operational imperatives.

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