scholarly journals A Further Note on Correlation Coefficients Derived From Cumulative Distributions

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (63) ◽  
pp. 451-454
Author(s):  
David P. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Normal Series ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThis paper elaborates on the note by Andrews and others (1971). It demonstrates that one may obtain any arbitrary value of r between two series of observations by adjusting the mean values of the two series before cumulating them. A computer simulation is used to illustrate the behavior of random Normal series cumulated under varying conditions.

scholarly journals A Further Note on Correlation Coefficients Derived From Cumulative Distributions

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (63) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Normal Series ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This paper elaborates on the note by Andrews and others (1971). It demonstrates that one may obtain any arbitrary value of r between two series of observations by adjusting the mean values of the two series before cumulating them. A computer simulation is used to illustrate the behavior of random Normal series cumulated under varying conditions.

Function–Structure Correlation Studies on Excised Hamster Lungs in Papain-induced Emphysema

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Martorana ◽  
N. W. McKeel ◽  
J. W. Richard ◽  
N. N. Share
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
High Prediction ◽  
Mean Linear Intercept ◽  
Structure Correlation ◽  
The Mean

Emphysematous lesions induced by a single exposure of hamsters to papain aerosol were evaluated both physiologically (lung elastic recoil) and histologically (mean linear intercept). The extent of the developed lesions was directly related to the concentration of papain employed, and progressed with time following exposure. Histological evaluation was most sensitive for quantitation of minimal lesions; an approximate 20% increase of the mean linear intercept being required for significant functional changes. Maximal mean increase of the mean linear intercept compatible with survival was approximately 75%. Using raw data values, all functional tests exhibited high correlation coefficients (r) with histological evaluation, but prediction efficiencies (r2) were below a practically acceptable value of 75%. However, using group mean values, thereby reducing individual biological variations, higher correlation coefficients as well as high prediction efficiencies were obtained for all functional tests with histological evaluation. In this regard, best prediction efficiencies were obtained for the functional specific static compliance and specific volume at full inflation versus the morphological mean linear intercept.

scholarly journals Lung Cancer Mortality and Radon Concentration in a Chronically Exposed Neighborhood in Chihuahua, Mexico: A Geospatial Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio R. Hinojosa de la Garza ◽  
Luz H. Sanín ◽  
María Elena Montero Cabrera ◽  
Korina Ivette Serrano Ramirez ◽  
Enrique Martínez Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Distance Weighting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inverse Distance ◽  
Radon Concentrations

This study correlated lung cancer (LC) mortality with statistical data obtained from government public databases. In order to asses a relationship between LC deaths and radon accumulation in dwellings, indoor radon concentrations were measured with passive detectors randomly distributed in Chihuahua City. Kriging (K) and Inverse-Distance Weighting (IDW) spatial interpolations were carried out. Deaths were georeferenced and Moran’sIcorrelation coefficients were calculated. The mean values (overn=171) of the interpolation of radon concentrations of deceased’s dwellings were 247.8 and 217.1 Bq/m3, for K and IDW, respectively. Through the Moran’sIvalues obtained, correspondingly equal to 0.56 and 0.61, it was evident that LC mortality was directly associated with locations with high levels of radon, considering a stable population for more than 25 years, suggesting spatial clustering of LC deaths due to indoor radon concentrations.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of shellfish and evaluation of compact dry EC for detecting total coliforms and Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vásquez García ◽  
S.H. Gomes de Sá ◽  
G. de Sousa Silva ◽  
J.E. Mejia Ballesteros ◽  
E. Barbieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Mean

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of oysters and mussels grown in Cananéia, Brazil, by analysing mesophiles, psychrothophic bacteria, moulds and yeasts, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp., and to compare the efficiency of Compact Dry EC method and the conventional method for counting of total coliforms and Escherichia coli. The microbial analysis showed that the mean values of mesophilic counts were 3.14±0.81 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.92±0.90 for mussels; the mean values of psychrophilic counts were 2.78±0.75 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.22±0.75 log CFU g−1 for mussels; the mean values of mould and yeast counts were 3.70±0.58 log CFU g−1 for oysters and 3.33±0.81 log CFU g−1 for mussels. Salmonella spp. did not present positive results, and the maximal count of Staphylococcus aureus was 1.7 log CFU g−1, therefore, within the limits established in the legislation. The correlation coefficients between the Compact Dry EC method and conventional method were >0.87 for total coliform and E. coli counts for both types of shellfish. The data in this study show that the Compact Dry EC method is an acceptable alternative to conventional methods for enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli in shellfish.

scholarly journals Which Plosive Consonant Is More Useful for the Aerodynamic Analysis of Pathologic Voice?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Yong Tae Hong ◽  
Phan Huu Ngoc Minh ◽  
Ki Hwan Hong
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Vocal Fold Paralysis ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Aerodynamic Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aerodynamic Parameters ◽  
The Mean

Objectives. Both acoustic and aerodynamic analyses are essential to evaluate the phonetic characteristics of voice pathology. The purpose of the study is to determine the magnitude of their correlation with the different types of bilabial plosive consonants.Methods. A controlled prospective study of 35 patients diagnosed with unilateral vocal fold paralysis was performed. The sustained vowel /a/ and bilabial voiceless consonants were used. Three common acoustic parameters were measured from a sustained vowel /a/ and aerodynamic parameters from a set of syllables /pi/, /p<sup>h</sup>i/, and /p’i/. We determined the correlation coefficients between acoustic and aerodynamic measurements for the bilabial plosive consonants /pi/, /p<sup>h</sup>i/, and /p’i/.Results. The mean values of acoustic parameters were higher than the thresholds of pathology. The mean values of aerodynamic parameters varied according to the types of consonants. The correlation between acoustic and aerodynamic parameters was significantly larger with the consonant /p<sup>h</sup>i/ compared with the consonants /p’/ and /p/. The magnitudes of correlation were higher with the consonant /p<sup>h</sup>i/ compared with the consonants /p’/ and /p/.Conclusion. The plosive consonant /p<sup>h</sup>i/ may represent a more valuable investigative consonant than the consonants /p/ or /p’/ for aerodynamic analysis of voice pathology, especially in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis.

scholarly journals On the salinity of the surface waters of the Irish Sea

1946 ◽  
Vol 239 (812) ◽  
pp. 579-592 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Maximum Correlation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Irish Sea

This paper contains a discussion of the observations on the salinity of the surface waters of the Irish Sea, which have been made by a number of authorities from the year 1905 until the end of 1939. Its objects are: (1) To put on record the chief variations of the salinity in the central part of the sea during the whole period of observation. (2) To calculate grand mean values of the characteristics of the salinity and of its seasonal variation for stations distributed over the whole area of the sea. (3) To investigate the degree of correlation between the salinities at pairs of stations, and to find for what time-differences the coefficients of correlation attain maximum values. (4) To investigate the degrees of correlation between the salinities at different stations and the rainfall and barometric gradients; and to find the time-lags which correspond to maximum correlation coefficients. (5) To obtain from the correlation coefficients such indications as they may afford of the mean currents of the sea. For the first and second of the above objects all the observations have been used, but the correlation coefficients given are based on the series of observations which began in 1934. Many correlation coefficients based on the earlier series have been evaluated, but they showed little concordance among themselves and were often in disagreement with those of the later series.

scholarly journals Reliability of ultrasound elastography for the quantification of transversus abdominis elasticity

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 205846011560342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniaki Hirayama ◽  
Ryota Akagi ◽  
Hideyuki Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Spinal Stability ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Internal Oblique

Background The transversus abdominis (TrA), which is considered to be involved in controlling spinal stability, is covered by two muscles (i.e. the external and internal oblique muscles) as well as subcutaneous fat. Therefore, there were doubts about whether it was possible to perform highly reliable measurements of muscle elasticity. Purpose To investigate the reliability of ultrasound elastography for the quantification of elasticity of the TrA. Material and Methods A skilled and an unskilled operator of ultrasound elastography measured TrA elasticity in 10 healthy men (age, 24 ± 4 years; height, 172.0 ± 5.2 cm; weight, 72.3 ± 12.0 kg) in the supine position. The tests were repeated six times; of the six measured values, a group of four measurements showing the lowest coefficient of variation (CV) was adopted and the mean values were used for further analysis. This procedure was repeated twice on each participant on two different days. Results The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) between days for skilled and unskilled operators were 0.86 ( P < 0.00) and 0.59 ( P = 0.02), respectively, and the CVs were 8.7% and 13.8%, respectively. The ICCs between operators and CVs were in the range of 0.56–0.57 ( P = 0.02–0.03) and 13.5–15.5%, respectively. No systematic error was found for any comparison. Conclusion The reliabilities of the skilled and unskilled operators were high and moderate, respectively.

Change in circulating blood volume following craniotomy

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Hirasawa ◽  
Hidetoshi Kasuya ◽  
Tomokatsu Hori
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Circulating Blood Volume ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The importance of monitoring circulating blood volume (CBV) during perioperative management is widely recognized in critically ill patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in CBV following craniotomy by using indocyanine-green pulse spectrophotometry.Methods. Circulating blood volume and plasma hormones related to stress and fluid regulation were measured five times: preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and 1, 2, and 7 days after craniotomy was performed in 17 patients with a brain tumor or an unruptured aneurysm.The mean value of CBV preoperatively was 82 ml/kg, which decreased to 64 ml/kg (78%) immediately postoperatively and gradually recovered to 82 ml/kg on Day 7 postsurgery (p = 0.0069). The mean values of adrenaline, noradrenaline, arginine vasopressin, renin, and aldosterone were highest immediately postoperatively. The mean intraoperative balances of water and sodium were 1090 ml and 113 mEq, respectively. Partial correlation coefficients of CBV to noradrenaline and serum sodium during the entire study were −0.430 (p = 0.0036) and 0.418 (p = 0.0048), respectively.Conclusions. Attention should be paid to decreased CBV following craniotomy, which is caused by the shift of fluid to interstitial spaces due to surgical stress. Hypovolemia can be suspected from a postoperative decrease in serum sodium.

scholarly journals Correlation between β-HCG and Doppler in post molar surveillance

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1836
Author(s):  
Priyadarsini S. ◽  
Gigi A.
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease ◽  
T Test ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Trophoblastic Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Doppler Indices ◽  
Paired T Test

Background: Gestational trophoblastic disease encompass a spectrum of neoplastic disorders that arise from placental trophoblastic tissue after abnormal fertilisation. Most molar pregnancies spontaneously resolve after uterine evacuation with no further sequelae. However, at any time during or after gestation malignant transformation may occur in approximately 10% to 20% of molar pregnancies. Quantification of βHCG is considered as the ideal method of post molar surveillance. The regression of the disease could be reliably assessed by observing the changes in low resistance flow which paralleled the gradual decrements in serial βHCG levels. To correlate uterine artery blood flow characteristics to serum βHCG levels in the follow up of patients with gestational trophoblastic disease after molar evacuation.Methods: 50 patients with gestational trophoblastic disease after evacuation were followed up by serum βHCG titres and Doppler ultrasonography of uterine arteries. The relationship between the Doppler indices and the serum βHCG titres were evaluated by paired –t test and Pearsons correlation analysis.Results: Significant negative correlations were observed between Systolic/Diastolic (S/D) ratios, Resistance Indices(RI) and Pulsatility indices (PI) and the absolute values of serum βHCG levels, with correlation coefficients of -0.5, -0.46 and -0.40 (p<0.01). The mean values of βHCG showed a decreasing trend from 1st week to 4th week. The mean value of RI, PI and S/D Ratio showed an increasing trend from 1st week to 4th week. However, the difference in mean values of βHCG and Doppler indices at 1st week and 4th week were analysed by paired t test and found to be statistically insignificant(p>0.05) in patients with spontaneous remission.Conclusion: Uterine artery Doppler indices can be used as an adjunct to βHCG for the surveillance of patients with gestational trophoblastic disease after molar evacuation to predict remission of the disease.

scholarly journals New intragastric sleeve technique reduces adipose tissue in pig experimental model: tomographic study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Ricardo Paiva Araújo dos Scheiba Zorron ◽  
Saulo José Quina Silva ◽  
Silvia Marcela Ruiz Cadena ◽  
Marcelo Borges dos Santos Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Single Port ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reduce Weight Gain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract In order to implement a new bariatric surgery technique, we verify the efficacy of intragastric sleeve to reduce weight gain and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Animals were divided into two groups: G1 (single-port intragastric sleeve) and G2 (sham group). The stomach was surgically reduced by single-port intragastric sutures to fo a gastric sleeve. Animals were submitted to computer tomography (CT) before the surgical procedure and after 18 weeks. Images were analyzed and measurements of the thickness of SAT, depth and width of the longissimus dorsi muscle and the rib eye area were made. Body weight and CT measurements were analyzed using the GLM PROC. The correlation coefficients were calculated among weight, moments and measures. There was a significant difference in weight gain, in which G1 had an average of 42.803 ± 3.206 kg, lower than G2 (45.966 ± 4.767 kg). The mean values for SAT and muscle measurements differed significantly between groups, in which G1 achieved the lowest values. All variables had significant correlations and high magnitude. Intragastric sleeve surgery induced a significant decrease of SAT. The new intragastric sleeve technique is feasible, safe and effective, mainly in reducing fat deposition, making it an important alternative in bariatric surgical treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document