scholarly journals Utilization of sewage sludge as an ameliorant for reclamation of technogenically disturbed lands

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 767-776
Author(s):  
Tatyana Petrova ◽  
Edelina Rudzisha
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Vegetation Layer ◽  
Growth Indicators

When rehabilitating technogenically disturbed lands of mining facilities, fertilizers and ameliorants are to be applied due to the lack of organic matter and nutrients required for the restoration of the soil and vegetation layer. The use of unconventional fertilizers (ameliorants) based on sewage sludge is one of the actual directions of land reclamation at mining sites. The purpose of the work is to summarize and analyze up-to-date information on the effectiveness of the use of sewage sludge for the reclamation of technogenically disturbed lands of mining and processing industries. The analysis is based on a review of recent studies aimed at assessing the impact of introduced sediment on soils, plant communities, and rehabilitated areas. The introduction of sewage sludge has a positive effect on the physical and chemical parameters of the soil (optimizes density and aggregation), saturates it with nutrients, i.e. N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Na, thus improving plant growth indicators. However, it may contain a number of heavy metals and pathogens; therefore, studies of each sediment and conditions of reclaimed areas are necessary.

scholarly journals Research into ecological status and the degree of heavy metal concentration in the waters of the Drenica river (Kosovo)

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
M Sadiku ◽  
S Kadriu ◽  
M Kelmendi ◽  
D Ibishi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Lignite Mining ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. To reflect the impact of discharge waters from the ferronickel smelter and surface lignite mining on the pollution of the Drenica River with heavy metals. According to our estimation, the effect of mining on the river pollution is undeniable. Methodology. The standard methods ISO 5667-6, ISO 5667-11, and ISO 5667-1.3 were used to determine the physical and chemical parameters of the Drenica River surface water. The EPA-3015A method was applied for sample preparation, while the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) measurement technique was used to determine the concentration of heavy metals. Standard ISO methods were applied for determining the following parameters: pH, DO, BOD5, COD, NNH4, NO3-, TN, PO4P, and TP. Findings. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the levels of heavy metals in the river Drenica have exceeded the allowed values as a result of industrial activities. Originality. The paper supplies new additional information on the ecological status of the Drenica River, based on samples taken along the river, especially where the greatest impact of the ferronickel smelter and surface lignite mining could be. The problematic of this research is quite contemporary; river pollution affects the life chain. Practical value. We believe that the content and problems in the focus of the research are topical and present significant interest to all those who deal with environmental issues.

The impact of runoff and sediment transport from the Provadiyska and Devnenska rivers on the Beloslav lake

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Grigor Mihailov ◽  
Kristio Daskalov ◽  
Nikolay Lissev
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Settling Basin ◽  
Hydrological Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The most essential results of processing and analyses of regular and field study data for the hydrophysical and hydrochemical characteristics of the Provadiyska river, the “Padina” canal flowing into it, the Devnenska river, the settling basin and the western part of the Beloslav lake, carried out by a group of scientists from UACEG at the end of 1994 are presented. Based on the available data from the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, the general hydrological characteristics of the Provadiyska and Devnenska rivers are determined. The ratio between natural sediments and industrial/chemical ones entering into the settling basin and Canal 2 is estimated. Physical and chemical parameters as well as the quantities of the bottom sediments in the settling basin and in the Beloslav lake are determined.

scholarly journals Influence of Ecological Restoration on Mercury Mobility and Microbial Activities on Former Guyanese Mining Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2231
Author(s):  
Ewan Couic ◽  
Vanessa Alphonse ◽  
Alexandre Livet ◽  
Stéphanie Giusti-Miller ◽  
Noureddine Bousserrhine
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Rehabilitation Protocols ◽  
French Guyana ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

As rehabilitation efforts in Guyana are recent, there is little information on the effect of different ecological rehabilitation protocols for Guyana’s mining sites on biogeochemical cycles and mercury mobility. This study was conducted to assess the impact of different ecological restoration protocols on soil quality with the use of soil microbial indicators and by estimating the mercury mobility. We sampled soil from six rehabilitated mining sites in French Guyana with different ecological restoration procedures. We carried out measurements of enzymatic activities and an analysis of mercury environmental speciation to assess its potential toxicity according to a mobility gradient. The results obtained in this study show that the rehabilitation of mining sites has been carried out in a heterogeneous manner and soil quality is very variable, even in nearby sites. Sites that have been rehabilitated with fabaceous species have positive soil quality indicators. In addition, the results highlight a change in mercury mobility that is 82.1% correlated after co-inertia analysis with soil texture properties, which also confirms a direct effect of rehabilitation on mercury mobility. The non-restored sites had a much higher potential of mercury mobility and toxicity than the sites where ecological restoration was successful. These results highlight the positive effect of controlled rehabilitation and ecological restoration on microbiological activities and the potential toxicity of mercury.

scholarly journals Study of banana (Musa aaa Cavendish cv Nanica) trigger ripening for small scale process

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1033-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Donato Soares Larotonda ◽  
Aziza Kamal Genena ◽  
Daniela Dantela ◽  
Hugo Moreira Soares ◽  
João Borges Laurindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rate Control ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Sensorial Analysis ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Ripening Rate ◽  
Maturity Degree ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Confined System

The present work focuse on the impact of O2, CO2 and ethylene concentrations on ripening rate control of bananas as a contribution for the development of domestic equipments that could allow the user to drive the fruit shelf live. It represented the adjustment of metabolic activity rates in order to manage the maturity process. Ripening variables such as ethylene and CO2 concentrations and temperature were adjusted to accelerate or slow down the process, while the maturity degree was monitored through the physical and chemical parameters and sensorial analysis. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of these parameters to manage the banana ripening. The optimum temperature was at 25 ºC of storage. The presence of oxygen, CO2 withdraws and ethylene injection were relevant for the ripening process. The "ready-to-eat" quality was achieved in 6 days in confined system. The use of ethylene as trigger was adequate to accelerate the ripening process with advantages in fruit color.

scholarly journals Conditioning of Sewage Sludge with Physical, Chemical and Dual Methods to Improve Sewage Sludge Dewatering

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5079
Author(s):  
Beata Bień ◽  
Jurand D. Bień
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Pressure Filtration ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Final Water Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the impact of different methods of sewage sludge conditioning on the improvement of sludge dewatering during pressure filtration processes. The following conditioning methods were tested for sludge preparation: sonication, addition of organic and inorganic chemicals (Zetag 8180, PIX 113 and the combined action of both substances). The research covered: physical and chemical analysis of sewage sludge, measurement of capillary suction time as an indicator of sludge dewaterability, some technical parameters of sludge pressure filtration process and the analysis of filtrate to assess the degree of contamination. The results of the research showed that the final water content of the prepared sludge decreased, while the specific filtration resistance increased. Among the tested methods the best results of sludge dewatering effects were obtained for sonicated sludge and its preparation with inorganic coagulant PIX 113. The combined effect of sonication with the addition of chemicals Zetag 8180 and PIX113 to sludge allowed for the reduction of organic substances, ammonium nitrogen and phosphates in filtrate after sludge dewatering.

A COMPARISON OF WEAR OF PLOUGH CHISELS MADE OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS AND AFTER PAD WELDING

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 282 (6) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid ROMEK ◽  
Jarosław SELECH ◽  
Rafał MACIASZEK
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Surface Profiles ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents quantitative results of mass wear of plough chisels working in soil made of various steel types and subjected to pad welding. The research was carried out in real field conditions on soils with similar physical and chemical parameters during routine field work in autumn. The scope of the research included the quantitative determination of wear values depending on the type of steel used and the surface treatment carried out. The photographs also show the surface profiles of plough chisels exposed directly to the impact of abrasives.

scholarly journals A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE BASHKIR HONEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
R.G. Kurmanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper contains the results of the first comprehensive analysis of Bashkir honey. Qualitative and quantitative palynological (pollen), organoleptic and physicochemical analyses described properties of 30 honey samples selected from 22 districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The qualitative pollen analysis found that most of the samples belonged to monofloral honey. Linden honey prevailed among the samples. Sunflower and buckwheat honey varieties were also common. The analysis found single samples of Viper's Bugloss, Melitot, rapeseed, Cirsium, Bird's foot, polyfloral, and honeydew honey types. The quantitative palynological analysis confirmed the results of qualitative analysis in most cases. Mismatches in honey varieties with underrepresented pollen (Cirsium and Carduus types of honey) were revealed. Also, the analysis found features inherent in several samples of Bashkir linden and buckwheat honey. The features are associated with an increased concentration of plant elements in their composition (64 500–74 600 and 26 500, respectively). The organoleptic analysis reduced the number of monofloral honey samples from 26 to 18. In 8 cases, small admixtures of honey with the characteristic properties affected the samples' quality. Organoleptic characteristics of linden honey were also revealed in honey samples with a low proportion of Linden pollen in the pollen spectrum (6 %). The physical and chemical analysis confirmed the botanical origin of linden, buckwheat, Viper's Bugloss, and honeydew honey samples. The study revealed that quite often, even small admixtures of certain types of honey (linden, buckwheat) had a positive effect on the sample's physical and chemical parameters. Heat treatment was established in half of the sunflower honey samples. The complete analysis results provide the basis for identifying characteristics of premium varieties of Bashkir linden and buckwheat honey. These varieties demonstrate an increased proportion of pollen from the honeybee plants and a high plant element concentration.

scholarly journals MODELING AND ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF LAND USE IN THE WESTERN RIF REGION, MOROCCO, ON WATER QUALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W5-2021 ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
G. Fattah ◽  
F. Ghrissi ◽  
J. Mabrouki ◽  
N. Al-Jadabi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract. The Western Rif is a rural area characterized by rock extraction and agriculture. As a result, the surface of the land in the region is exposed to different sources of contamination which alters the quality of the soil. Leaching of the soil and runoff to surface water may impact the quality of surface water used by local people. A mapping of the land use by GIS of an area located at the level of the western Rif was carried out then an analysis of the interactions between the uses of the land; the practices, the quality of the surface layer of the soil and the quality of the water were made. Thanks to the processing of satellite images and to samples on the ground and assays of the physic-chemical parameters of soils and water (T °, pH, MES, turbidity, Nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus, nitrogen, etc.). The results of these analyzes revealed that these activities lead to an alteration in the quality of the surface layer of the soil, its characterization of which changes depending on the land use. Surface water is endowed with the components identified in the soil. This reveals that land use has generally negative physical and chemical impacts on surface waters.

scholarly journals Woody plant communities of Comoe-Leraba reserve: Characterisation and impact of soils on their distribution

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 3168-3187
Author(s):  
Assan Gnoumou ◽  
Savadogo Salfo ◽  
Adjima Thiombiano
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Policy Maker ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Water Regulation ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Direct Ordination ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The protected areas are worth great in vegetation conservation; this supported their interest in scientific research on the tools being able to be used for their sustainable management. The present study enters within the framework of a better knowledge of Comoé-Léraba reserve plants communities’ and the soils conditions which explained their distribution, in the aim to make better decisions for it conservation. The objective of the survey is to discriminate the plants communities in relation to soils’ physicals and chemicals parameters which control their distribution. Thus, 368 physociological plots have been done in the field by applying Braun-Blanquet (1932) method and then the plants communities’ package has been carried out in CANOCO software. In related to each ecosystem, 11 plants communities’ have been clearly defined, according the phytosociological statements (DCA). Among these communities four news syntaxons were determined based on previous studies in the same phytogeographical zones. Then their direct ordination (CCA) with soil’s (physical and chemical) parameters, shows that plants communities’ distribution is governed mainly by the water regulation on the ground and also its texture. The obtained results will certainly contribute to lay down a constant policy maker in biodiversity conservation. Lieux de refuge et de conservation de la végétation, les aires protégées sont des zones potentiellement diversifiées. Elles suscitent un grand intérêt pour la recherche en vue de découvrir des outils pouvant servir à leur gestion durable. La présente étude entre dans le cadre d’une meilleure connaissance des communautés végétales de la réserve de la Comoé-Léraba et des conditions édaphiques qui sous-tendent leur installation en vue de faciliter les prises de décisions entrant dans le cadre de sa conservation. Ainsi, l’objectif était de discriminer les groupements végétaux en relation avec les paramètres édaphiques qui gouvernent leur distribution. Sur le terrain, 368 relevés physociologiques ont été réalisés en appliquant la méthode de Braun Blanquet (1932) et l’individualisation des groupements végétaux a été réalisée grâce au logiciel CANOCO. L’analyse a permis de discriminer 11 groupements végétaux dont la classification syntaxonomique révèle quatre nouveaux taxons comparativement aux études réalisées dans les zones phytogéographiques similaires. L’ordination directe (CCA) intégrant les paramètres physiques et chimiques des sols, permet de considérer la texture et les paramètres hydriques des sols comme étant les plus efficients dans la distribution des groupements végétaux. Les résultats obtenus contribueront certainement à définir une politique soutenue de la conservation de la biodiversité.

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