Desain Sistem Pembangkit Lisrik Tenaga Surya Pada Tambak Udang sebagai Penggerak Aerator

The aim of this research is to study the effect of tree planting on the reduction of thermal loadof solar radiation falling on the area of Baghdad city and its contribution to weathertreatments; since the temperature of green mass of trees is less than the human body andhigher than air temperature in winter, so one expects condense tree plantation and foliage mayparticipate in reducing air temperature in summer and could make the climate of the city toapproach near the human temperature comfort limits .The impetus to encourage the authors toundertake the research is the positive results and indications derived from earlier authors'research work and that done by other researchers. Recent advances of modern scientific andtechnological in the field of electronic instrumentation measurements and sophisticatedthermal imaging devices, which are expected to help in measurement and obtain temperaturepattern of every point on the trees or at any point on block trees, besides measuring thethermal effect of shading on human body of people using the road (the camera has anaccuracy of (0.1 oC).

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The Effect of Urban Street Planting on Improving the Climate of Baghdad city

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning ◽

10.36041/iqjap.v13i1.157 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi ◽

Ali Hussain Al-Bayati

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Human Body ◽

Tree Planting ◽

Tree Plantation ◽

Urban Street ◽

The Road ◽

Electronic Instrumentation ◽

The City ◽

Positive Results

The aim of this research is to study the effect of tree planting on the reduction of thermal loadof solar radiation falling on the area of Baghdad city and its contribution to weathertreatments; since the temperature of green mass of trees is less than the human body andhigher than air temperature in winter, so one expects condense tree plantation and foliage mayparticipate in reducing air temperature in summer and could make the climate of the city toapproach near the human temperature comfort limits .The impetus to encourage the authors toundertake the research is the positive results and indications derived from earlier authors'research work and that done by other researchers. Recent advances of modern scientific andtechnological in the field of electronic instrumentation measurements and sophisticatedthermal imaging devices, which are expected to help in measurement and obtain temperaturepattern of every point on the trees or at any point on block trees, besides measuring thethermal effect of shading on human body of people using the road (the camera has anaccuracy of (0.1 oC).

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Spatial Hotspot Analysis of Bucharest’s Urban Heat Island (UHI) Using Modis Data

Annals of Valahia University of Targoviste Geographical Series ◽

10.2478/avutgs-2018-0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 14-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Georgiana Grigoraș ◽

Bogdan Urițescu

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Land Surface Temperature ◽

Hot Spots ◽

Land Surface ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Monitoring Network ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Hotspot Analysis ◽

The City

Abstract The aim of the study is to find the relationship between the land surface temperature and air temperature and to determine the hot spots in the urban area of Bucharest, the capital of Romania. The analysis was based on images from both moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), located on both Terra and Aqua platforms, as well as on data recorded by the four automatic weather stations existing in the endowment of The National Air Quality Monitoring Network, from the summer of 2017. Correlation coefficients between land surface temperature and air temperature were higher at night (0.8-0.87) and slightly lower during the day (0.71-0.77). After the validation of satellite data with in-situ temperature measurements, the hot spots in the metropolitan area of Bucharest were identified using Getis-Ord spatial statistics analysis. It has been achieved that the “very hot” areas are grouped in the center of the city and along the main traffic streets and dense residential areas. During the day the "very hot spots” represent 33.2% of the city's surface, and during the night 31.6%. The area where the mentioned spots persist, falls into the "very hot spot" category both day and night, it represents 27.1% of the city’s surface and it is mainly represented by the city center.

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Estimation of Global Solar Radiation on Horizontal Surface in Kano, Nigeria Using Air Temperature Amplitude

International Journal of Integrated Engineering ◽

10.30880/ijie.2019.11.06.011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Mustapha M, M. W. Mustafa ◽

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Global Solar Radiation ◽

Horizontal Surface ◽

Temperature Amplitude

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Indicators of permanent teeth eruption in children of Tashkent city and comparative assessment with the data of peers of different Russian cities

Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика ◽

10.33925/1683-3031-2020-20-3-223-229 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 223-229

Author(s):

R. T. Kamilova ◽

J. A. Kamilov

Keyword(s):

Comparative Assessment ◽

Permanent Dentition ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Left Handed ◽

Regional Features ◽

Initial Stage ◽

The Republic ◽

And Gender ◽

The City

Relevance. Characteristics of eruption of secondary teeth is of diagnostic and prognostic interest, is the basis for implementation of targeted therapeutic and preventive measures among children. No research has ever been carried out in Uzbekistan to study an age and gender regional features of secondary teeth eruption. The aim is to determine the timing and symmetry of secondary teeth eruption in children of the city of Tashkent of the Republic of Uzbekistan and comparative assessment with the children of different cities of Russia.Materials and methods. 3,834 children between 3 and 17 years were conducted dental examination. A comparative analysis was made of the initial, intermediate and final periods of eruption of secondary teeth for children of Uzbekistan (Tashkent city) and Russia (Saratov, Izhevsk and Sergach).Results. In Tashkent children of both gender, in most cases, lower teeth were erupted before than their antagonists. In girls, teeth were erupted earlier than their male counterparts. At the initial stage of eruption, asymmetry was more pronounced in boys than in girls, while in the middle and final stages it was more pronounced in the opposite direction. Observed asymmetry of antimere’s teeth were indicated left-handed permanent dentition in boys and right-handed in girls. Children of Tashkent city were observed permanent dentition in one group of teeth 1-16 months earlier, and in others – 1-24 months later than their peers in Russian cities. Revealed differences were more pronounced among boys than among girls. Children in Tashkent differed more from their peers in Sergach and less from those in Izhevsk. Conclusions. Regional peculiarities of permanent dentition in children of Tashkent city and revealed expressed differences with indicators of Russian children are the basis for development of separate age and gender normative assessment permanent dentition tables for children of Uzbekistan.

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Detrended Multiple Cross-Correlation Coefficient applied to solar radiation, air temperature and relative humidity

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-56114-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrea de Almeida Brito ◽

Heráclio Alves de Araújo ◽

Gilney Figueira Zebende

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Cross Correlation ◽

Global Solar Radiation ◽

Meteorological Variables ◽

Hourly Data ◽

Cross Correlations

AbstractDue to the importance of generating energy sustainably, with the Sun being a large solar power plant for the Earth, we study the cross-correlations between the main meteorological variables (global solar radiation, air temperature, and relative air humidity) from a global cross-correlation perspective to efficiently capture solar energy. This is done initially between pairs of these variables, with the Detrended Cross-Correlation Coefficient, ρDCCA, and subsequently with the recently developed Multiple Detrended Cross-Correlation Coefficient, $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}$$DMCx2. We use the hourly data from three meteorological stations of the Brazilian Institute of Meteorology located in the state of Bahia (Brazil). Initially, with the original data, we set up a color map for each variable to show the time dynamics. After, ρDCCA was calculated, thus obtaining a positive value between the global solar radiation and air temperature, and a negative value between the global solar radiation and air relative humidity, for all time scales. Finally, for the first time, was applied $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}$$DMCx2 to analyze cross-correlations between three meteorological variables at the same time. On taking the global radiation as the dependent variable, and assuming that $${\boldsymbol{DM}}{{\boldsymbol{C}}}_{{\bf{x}}}^{{\bf{2}}}={\bf{1}}$$DMCx2=1 (which varies from 0 to 1) is the ideal value for the capture of solar energy, our analysis finds some patterns (differences) involving these meteorological stations with a high intensity of annual solar radiation.

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A Digital Framework to Predict the Sunshine Requirements of Landscape Plants

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11052098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2098

Author(s):

Heyi Wei ◽

Wenhua Jiang ◽

Xuejun Liu ◽

Bo Huang

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Plant Species ◽

Large Scale ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Adaptive Selection ◽

Landscape Plant ◽

Landscape Plants ◽

The Stability ◽

Stability And Accuracy ◽

The City

Knowledge of the sunshine requirements of landscape plants is important information for the adaptive selection and configuration of plants for urban greening, and is also a basic attribute of plant databases. In the existing studies, the light compensation point (LCP) and light saturation point (LSP) have been commonly used to indicate the shade tolerance for a specific plant; however, these values are difficult to adopt in practice because the landscape architect does not always know what range of solar radiation is the best for maintaining plant health, i.e., normal growth and reproduction. In this paper, to bridge the gap, we present a novel digital framework to predict the sunshine requirements of landscape plants. First, the research introduces the proposed framework, which is composed of a black-box model, solar radiation simulation, and a health standard system for plants. Then, the data fitting between solar radiation and plant growth response is used to obtain the value of solar radiation at different health levels. Finally, we adopt the LI-6400XT Portable Photosynthetic System (Li-Cor Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA) to verify the stability and accuracy of the digital framework through 15 landscape plant species of a residential area in the city of Wuhan, China, and also compared and analyzed the results of other researchers on the same plant species. The results show that the digital framework can robustly obtain the values of the healthy, sub-healthy, and unhealthy levels for the 15 landscape plant species. The purpose of this study is to provide an efficient forecasting tool for large-scale surveys of plant sunshine requirements. The proposed framework will be beneficial for the adaptive selection and configuration of urban plants and will facilitate the construction of landscape plant databases in future studies.

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Solar Radiation, Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Dew Point Study: Damak, Jhapa, Nepal

International Journal of Photoenergy ◽

10.1155/2019/8369231 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arun Kumar Shrestha ◽

Arati Thapa ◽

Hima Gautam

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Gaussian Function ◽

Great Influence ◽

Dew Point ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Summer Maximum ◽

Online Calculator ◽

Climatic Phenomenon

Monitoring and prediction of the climatic phenomenon are of keen interest in recent years because it has great influence in the lives of people and their environments. This paper is aimed at reporting the variation of daily and monthly solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity (RH), and dew point over the year of 2013 based on the data obtained from the weather station situated in Damak, Nepal. The result shows that on a clear day, the variation of solar radiation and RH follows the Gaussian function in which the first one has an upward trend and the second one has a downward trend. However, the change in air temperature satisfies the sine function. The dew point temperature shows somewhat complex behavior. Monthly variation of solar radiation, air temperature, and dew point shows a similar pattern, lower at winter and higher in summer. Maximum solar radiation (331 Wm-2) was observed in May and minimum (170 Wm-2) in December. Air temperature and dew point had the highest value from June to September nearly at 29°C and 25°C, respectively. The lowest value of the relative humidity (55.4%) in April indicates the driest month of the year. Dew point was also calculated from the actual readings of air temperature and relative humidity using the online calculator, and the calculated value showed the exact linear relationship with the observed value. The diurnal and nocturnal temperature of each month showed that temperature difference was relatively lower (less than 10°C) at summer rather than in winter.

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Performance of temporary tie-backs under winter conditions

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/t81-066 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 566-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N. R. Morgenstern ◽

D. C. Sego

Keyword(s):

Air Temperature ◽

Earth Pressure ◽

Pressure Measurements ◽

Sheet Pile ◽

Freezing And Thawing ◽

Railway Line ◽

Winter Conditions ◽

Design Requirements ◽

The City ◽

Sheet Pile Wall

The construction of an underpass in the City of Edmonton required the temporary relocation of the CNR main-line prior to the construction of a permanent bridge. The line was placed close to the underpass excavation which was supported by a tie-back sheet pile wall. Because of the stringent requirements associated with the presence of the railway line, the supports were designed on a conservative basis and observations of tie-back loads were taken over a period of 7 months.This note presents the observations of tie-back loads from January to July, 1977. Following installation in accordance with the design requirements, substantial fluctuations in tie-back load were observed for about 3 months. Then the loads fell off gradually to about 50% of the originally applied values. The variation of the load with time bears a strong correlation with average air temperature and is accounted for by the alternate freezing and thawing of the ground adjacent to the sheet pile wall. The ultimate decline in load is attributed to relaxation of the soil behind the wall during spring thaw. The case history draws attention to special requirements associated with interpretation of earth pressure measurements during winter con struction.

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